scholarly journals Polyclonal non multiresistant methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from clinical cases of infection occurring in Palermo, Italy, during a one-year surveillance period

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Mammina ◽  
Cinzia Calà ◽  
Celestino Bonura ◽  
Paola Di Carlo ◽  
Aurora Aleo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Surveillance Period ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
One Year ◽  
Clinical Cases

scholarly journals Use of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis to Determine the Source of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-610
Author(s):  
Eugene Y. H. Yeung ◽  
Ivan Gorn
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Pelvic Trauma ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Clinical Cases

Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) has historically been considered the gold standard in fingerprinting bacterial strains in epidemiological studies and outbreak investigations; little is known regarding its use in individual clinical cases. The current study detailed two clinical cases in which PFGE helped to determine the source of their methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. Patient A was found to have MRSA bacteremia after trauma in her pelvic area. MRSA was also found in her groin but not in her nostril and rectum. PFGE was performed that showed variable bands of her MRSA isolates from blood and groin, suggestive of different strains of MRSA. Her MRSA bacteremia was determined to be unrelated to her pelvic trauma. Patient B was found to have MRSA bacteremia after colonoscopy. MRSA was also found in his nostril and rectum. PFGE was performed that showed variable bands of his MRSA isolates from blood and rectum but identical bands of MRSA isolates from his blood and nostril. His MRSA bacteremia was determined to be unrelated to his colonoscopy procedure. The current study demonstrates the use of PFGE to rule out the source of bacteremia in individual clinical cases.

scholarly journals Clinical Significance of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization on Hospital Admission: One-Year Infection Risk

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e79716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica P. Ridgway ◽  
Lance R. Peterson ◽  
Eric C. Brown ◽  
Hongyan Du ◽  
Courtney Hebert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization among HIV-infected patients in Taiwan: prevalence, molecular characteristics and associated factors with nasal carriage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Yu Hsu ◽  
David Wu ◽  
Chien-Ching Hung ◽  
Shie-Shian Huang ◽  
Fang-Hsueh Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Outpatient Care ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mrsa Colonization ◽  
Northern Taiwan

Abstract Objective To evaluate nasal carriage, antibiotic susceptibility and molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), as well as the risk factors of MRSA colonization, in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in northern Taiwan. Methods From September 2014 to November 2015, HIV-infected patients seeking outpatient care at four hospitals were eligible for this study. A nasal specimen was obtained from each subject for the detection of S. aureus and a questionnaire was completed by each subject. MRSA isolates once identified were characterized. Results Of 553 patients surveyed, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) was detected in 119 subjects (21.5%) and MRSA in 19 subjects (3.4%). Female gender, injection drug use, smoking, hepatitis C virus carrier, cancer and antibiotic use within one year were positively associated with MRSA colonization. By multivariate analysis, only cancer (adjust odds ratio (aOR) 7.78, [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.909-31.731]) and antibiotic use within one year (aOR 3.89, [95% CI, 1.219-12.433]) were significantly associated with MRSA colonization. Ten isolates were characterized as sequence type (ST) 59/staphylococcal chromosome cassette (SCC) IV or V T , endemic community strains in Taiwan, four isolates as ST 8/SCC mec IV (USA 300) and one isolate as ST 239/SCC mec IIIA, a hospital strain. All the community-associated MRSA isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX). Conclusions Nasal MRSA carriage in HIV-infected patients seeking outpatient care was low (3.4%) in northern Taiwan. Most of the colonizing isolates were genetically endemic community strains and exhibited high susceptibility to TMP-SMX and fluoroqinolones. Cancer and antibiotic use within one year were associated with MRSA colonization.

scholarly journals Colonization by S. Aureusincreases the EASI and the number of appointments by patients with atopic dermatitis: cohort with 93 patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Lipnharski ◽  
Pedro Alves d'Azevedo ◽  
Vanessa Petry Quinto ◽  
Giancarlo Bessa ◽  
Renan Rangel Bonamigo
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Barrier Dysfunction ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
One Year

BACKGROUND:Atopic dermatitis leads to epidermal barrier dysfunction and bacteria colonization. The relationship of the last factor with the severity of the disease and the frequency of exacerbation is not fully known.OBJECTIVES:Verify the severity of the atopic dermatitis and the number of appointments generated by dermatosis, comparing patients colonized with patients not colonized by S. aureus. Verify the frequency of colonization by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus acquired in the community.METHODS:Cohort study with a 12 months follow-up, in a sample of patients from Porto Alegre, RS public network. Cultures in active injuries and nasal cavities were carried out as well as methicillin sensitivity tests to S. aureus.The severity of atopic dermatitis was defined by Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI).RESULTS:We included 93 patients, 43% female and 56% male, 26 colonized by S. aureusin the nasal orifices, 56 in the skin damage. The mean of initial Eczema Area and Severity Index was 5.5 and final 3.9. The initial Eczema Area and Severity Index of patients colonized by S. aureusin the skin and nasal cavity was larger than the number of patients without colonization(p< 0.05). During the period of one year, in average, there were six appointments/patient. There was linear correlation between the number of appointments during one year and the inicial Eczema Area and Severity Index (r = 0,78). There were no patients with methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus acquired in the community.CONCLUSION:There is a relevant influence of staphylococcal colonization on the severity of atopic dermatitis and the number of appointments required by its exacerbation. Methicillin resistance among those affected by S. aureusdoes not seem to be an emergent problem, in this Brazilian sample.

scholarly journals Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Trends in Case and Isolate Characteristics from Six Years of Prospective Surveillance

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Como-Sabetti ◽  
Kathleen H. Harriman ◽  
Jessica M. Buck ◽  
Anita Glennen ◽  
David J. Boxrud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sentinel Site ◽  
Surveillance Period ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Inducible Clindamycin Resistance ◽  
Pulsed Field ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Infection Types ◽  
Susceptibility Profiles

Objectives. In 2000, the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) implemented active, sentinel site surveillance for community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA). Data from 2000–2005 were analyzed to determine trends in case characteristics, pulsed-field types (PFTs), and antimicrobial susceptibilities including inducible clindamycin resistance (ICR). Methods. Active sentinel site surveillance was initiated in 2000 at 12 hospital laboratories that served inpatients and outpatients. Patient medical records were reviewed to determine if they met the epidemiologic case criteria for CA-MRSA; isolates were obtained from patients meeting these criteria. The MDH Public Health Laboratory performed pulsed-field gel electrophoresis subtyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, including ICR. Results. The proportion of MRSA cases classified as CA increased from 11% to 33% ( p<0.01). The proportion of cases with skin or soft tissue infections also increased compared with other infection types from 75% to 87% ( p<0.01). During the surveillance period, USA300 replaced USA400 as the dominant PFT. With the change in dominant PFT, the proportion of isolates susceptible to erythromycin (45% to 13%, p<0.01) and ciprofloxacin (80% to 59%, p<0.01) decreased. The proportion of erythromycin-resistant/clindamycin-susceptible isolates with ICR (93% to 14%, p<0.01) decreased. The proportion of susceptible isolates also changed within the USA300 PFT; the proportion of isolates susceptible to erythromycin (33% vs. 3%) and the proportion susceptible to ciprofloxacin (67% to 62%) decreased significantly. Conclusion. CA-MRSA increased dramatically from 2000 to 2005. Changes in the predominant PFT have impacted susceptibility profiles of CA-MRSA, including ICR. Continued surveillance is needed to monitor the changing epidemiology of CA-MRSA and to inform clinical decisions.

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