scholarly journals Resveratrol improves the iron deficiency adaptation of Malus baccata seedlings by regulating iron absorption

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Zheng ◽  
Huifang Chen ◽  
Qiufang Su ◽  
Caihong Wang ◽  
Guangli Sha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Rhizosphere Ph ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Iron Solubility ◽  
Malus Baccata ◽  
Species Production

Abstract Background Resveratrol (Res), a phytoalexin, has been widely reported to participate in plant resistance to fungal infections. However, little information is available on its role in abiotic stress, especially in iron deficiency stress. Malus baccata is widely used as apple rootstock in China, but it is sensitive to iron deficiency. Results In this study, we investigated the role of exogenous Res in M. baccata seedings under iron deficiency stress. Results showed that applying 100 μM exogenous Res could alleviate iron deficiency stress. The seedlings treated with Res had a lower etiolation rate and higher chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate compared with the apple seedlings without Res treatment. Exogenous Res increased the iron content in the roots and leaves by inducing the expression of MbAHA genes and improving the H+-ATPase activity. As a result, the rhizosphere pH decreased, iron solubility increased, the expression of MbFRO2 and MbIRT1 was induced, and the ferric-chelated reductase activity was enhanced to absorb large amounts of Fe2+ into the root cells under iron deficiency conditions. Moreover, exogenous Res application increased the contents of IAA, ABA, and GA3 and decreased the contents of DHZR and BL for responding to iron deficiency stress indirectly. In addition, Res functioned as an antioxidant that strengthened the activities of antioxidant enzymes and thus eliminated reactive oxygen species production induced by iron deficiency stress. Conclusion Resveratrol improves the iron deficiency adaptation of M. baccata seedlings mainly by regulating iron absorption.

scholarly journals Resveratrol Improves the Iron Deficiency Adaptation of Malus Baccata Seedlings by Regulating Iron Absorption, Phytohormone Content, and ROS Migration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Zheng ◽  
Huifang Chen ◽  
Qiufang Su ◽  
Caihong Wang ◽  
Guangli Sha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Rhizosphere Ph ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Iron Solubility ◽  
Malus Baccata ◽  
Species Production

Abstract Resveratrol (Res), a phytoalexin, has been widely reported to participate in plant resistance to fungal infections. However, little information is available on its role in abiotic stress, especially in iron deficiency stress. Malus baccata is widely used as apple rootstock in China, but it is sensitive to iron deficiency. In this study, we investigated the role of exogenous Res in M. baccata seedings under iron deficiency stress. Results showed that applying 100 µmol exogenous Res could alleviate iron deficiency stress. The seedlings treated with Res had a lower etiolation rate and higher chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate compared with the apple seedlings without Res treatment. Exogenous Res increased the iron content in the roots and leaves by inducing the expression of MbAHA genes and improving the H+-ATPase activity. As a result, the rhizosphere pH decreased, iron solubility increased, the expression of MbFRO2 and MbIRT1 was induced, and the ferric-chelated reductase activity was enhanced to absorb large amounts of Fe2+ into the root cells under iron deficiency conditions. Moreover, exogenous Res application increased the contents of IAA, ABA, and GA3 and decreased the contents of DHZR and BL for responding to iron deficiency stress indirectly. In addition, Res functioned as an antioxidant that strengthened the activities of antioxidant enzymes and thus eliminated reactive oxygen species production induced by iron deficiency stress. These findings are expected to enhance the application and examination of the physiological role of Res under iron deficiency stress in apples.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Nutritional Education Intervention Focussed on Iron among School Children in National Capital Region and Mumbai

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richa Bharti ◽  
Ankita Marwaha ◽  
Teena Badshah ◽  
Rupali Sengupta ◽  
Bhavna Barmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
School Children ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Nutritional Education ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Alternate Hypothesis

Introduction: Anaemia is a major health problem in India. Various studies mention poor nutrition knowledge and education as main factors of malnutrition. Aim: This study aims at assessing the effect of nutritional education on iron among school children. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional interventional study to improve nutrition literacy in schools was undertaken from April 2018 to February 2019. The outreach platform used was Eat Right School program by Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI). A study tool employed was data collection using self-developed questionnaire for pre and post-intervention knowledge assessment. School children from Delhi NCR and Mumbai participated in this study. Knowledge intervention was done on 5 key elements related to iron including role, sources, iron deficiency anaemia, iron absorption and knowledge of fortification. Chi-squared test (α=0.05) was applied for comparison. Results: It was found that 54% (n=18,626) of school children studied were in the age group 11-14 years. From 27355 participants who reported the gender, 58.1% (n=15899) were boys and 41.9% (n=11456) girls. Comparison of pre and post-intervention assessment revealed that percentage of students knowing importance/role of iron increased from 27.30% to 59.50%, iron deficiency anaemia from 34.03% to 59.85%, sources of iron from 25.20% to 51.70%, iron absorption from 36.00% to 61.2% and knowledge of fortification from 55.4% to 76.9%. Thus, significant shift (p≤0.001) in all the parameters was observed; improvement in scores ranged from 21.5% to 32.20% with highest increase seen in understanding the role of iron. Conclusion: Results of the study reject the null hypothesis leading to acceptance of alternate hypothesis. The alternate hypothesis highlights the role of nutrition education in improving the nutritional literacy of school children in the area of iron and iron deficiency anaemia. Results of the current study increased the knowledge of children on all parameters related to iron education module. Thus, nutritional literacy is imperative in improving nutritional status and adolescent age-group is the window of opportunity to correct it.

The role of Dcytb in iron metabolism: an update

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1239-1241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T. McKie
Keyword(s):  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Ferric Reductase ◽  
Expression And Purification ◽  
Madin Darby Canine Kidney ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Haem Protein ◽  
Darby Canine Kidney

Dcytb (duodenal cytochrome b) is an iron-regulated ferric reductase highly expressed in duodenal enterocytes. Its location and strong regulation by iron has indicated it plays an important role in iron absorption. Expression of Dcytb in cells (Caco-2 and MDCK) was found to increase both ferric reductase activity and stimulate uptake of 59Fe. An additional increase in cupric reductase activity was found in MDCK (Madin–Darby canine kidney) cells expressing Dcytb. Expression and purification of Dcytb in insect cells reveals that Dcytb is a di-haem protein and that the haems are reducible by ascorbate, indicating that ascorbate is the likely intracelluar electron donor. Studies underway in Dcytb-knockout mice reveal that Dcytb is the only iron-regulated ferric reductase in the duodenal mucosa and that loss of Dcytb affects iron absorption.

scholarly journals Duodenal mucosal and plasma ascorbate levels of patients with iron deficiency

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-283
Author(s):  
Bisera Atanasova ◽  
Robert Simpson ◽  
Andy Li ◽  
Kamen Tzatchev ◽  
Timothy Peters
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Dietary Iron ◽  
Metaphosphoric Acid ◽  
Plasma Ascorbate

Iron is a vital element for almost all living organisms. In mammals iron is taken by the intestinal epithelium, primarily in the duodenum. The initial step of absorption involves the reduction of ferric to ferrous iron both in gastric lumen and at the brush-border apical membrane. Reductase activity is increased by factors physiologically stimulating iron absorption, such as iron deficiency and chronic hypoxia. Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) has long been known to enhance absorption of dietary iron in humans as shown by several nutritional/dietetic studies. This effect has been ascribed to lumenal reduction and solubilization of iron. Recent molecular cloning of the mammalian duodenal brush-border reductase activity has provided evidence that ascorbate may play an intracellular role in determining iron absorption rates. Previously, ascorbate concentrations have been determined in duodenum, but only in normal subjects and there is no evidence on how duodenal ascorbate alters in relation to intestinal iron absorption. The aim of this study is to examine mucosal and plasma levels of ascorbate and dehydroascorbate in normal subjects and patients with iron deficiency that is known to be a stimulator for iron absorption. Duodenal biopsies were homogenized in 5% metaphosphoric acid using single burst homogeniser. Tissue and plasma ascorbate levels were assayed by ferrozine spectrophotometric method. Blood was taken from each subject to assess the iron status. The analyses of human samples revealed increased duodenal (p <0.001, n = 20) and plasma (p <0.001, n = 6) ascorbate levels in patients with iron deficiency. These findings support an important intracellular role of ascorbic acid in human dietary iron absorption.

Erythroid Growth Differentiation Factor 15 and Ferroportin Expression During Gestational Iron Deficiency Anemia

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 5286-5286
Author(s):  
Rekha Athiyarath ◽  
Kalaiselvi Sakthivel ◽  
Vinod J Abraham ◽  
Daisy Singh ◽  
Alok Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
In Pregnancy

Abstract Abstract 5286 Iron homeostasis during pregnancy is modulated to meet the increased iron needs but how this is achieved is not very clear. Growth Differentiation Factor (GDF15) produced by the expanded erythroid compartment in β thalassemia has been shown to increase iron absorption by suppressing hepcidin. GDF15 is also highly expressed in the placenta and increasing levels of GDF15 are seen with advancing gestational age of pregnancy. But the role of GDF15 in iron homeostasis in pregnancy has not been elucidated till date. Ferroportin (FPN) is the only known protein involved in iron export and it is the target of hepcidin, the central regulator of iron homeostasis. In this study we analyzed the expression of GDF15 and FPN in pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia. Fourteen pregnant women with proven iron deficiency anemia (IDAP) [Hb<11g/dL and Ferritin <12ng/ul] and thirteen healthy subjects as controls (NC) were enrolled as part of an ongoing study. Serum GDF15 and hepcidin levels were measured by ELISA kits from R&D systems and Bachem, UK respectively. Reticulocytes were isolated and total RNA was purified using Trizol. GDF15 and FPN transcripts were quantified using Taqman Gene expression assays using GAPDH as an internal control. Gene expression values were calculated on the basis of the 2-ΔΔCt method. The mean age of the pregnant women was 22.5±2.5 years. The median ferritin in IDAP was 1.4 and ranged from 0.2 to 8.3 ng/ml. The hepcidin levels were very low [<2ng/ml] in IDAP. Serum GDF15 levels in IDAP was significantly higher as compared to controls [IDAP-3333.71±409 pg/ml vs. NC-309.7±127.0 pg/ml; p=0.000]. Reticulocyte GDF15 mRNA expression was significantly lower [IDAP-25.09 (1.28–239.8) vs. NC-910.4 (0.28–1962); p=0.004] and FPN expression was significantly higher in pregnancy [IDAP-209.8 (48.33–1201) vs. NC-77.96(17.21–281.3); p=0.001] than in the controls. GDF15 mRNA as well as serum GDF15 levels significantly correlated with FPN expression in IDAP [RNA r=0.895; p=0.000; Protein r=0.555, p=0.049] Eight patients were followed up after 8 weeks of supplementation and there was no significant change in the serum GDF15 concentration (3235±468.26pg/ml; p=1.000). However their serum ferritin and hepcidin levels were significantly higher [Ferritin-11.60 (9.80–21.30), p=0.0021; Hepcidin-17.86(0.29–38.50), p=0.015]. There was no significant correlation between GDF15 protein levels and hepcidin (r=0.429, p=0.354). Molecular mechanisms of iron homeostasis in pregnancy are poorly understood. IDAP had very low hepcidin levels which normalized after iron stores were replenished. Elevated GDF15 protein levels in IDAP inspite of low reticulocyte expression indicate that erythroid contribution is minimal and placenta is the main source of GDF15. The significant correlation between GDF15 (mRNA and protein) with FPN expression and absence of correlation with hepcidin levels indicate a possible role for GDF15 in iron homeostasis in pregnancy. These findings has to be validated and the role of GDF15 in modulating FPN and there by iron absorption has to be further elucidated. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Iron Absorption Disturbances in Patients with Enteropathy: Interim Analysis of a Single Centre Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
Oļesja Basina ◽  
Jeļena Derova ◽  
Aleksejs Derovs ◽  
Sandra Lejniece
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Absorption ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Single Centre Study ◽  
Precise Role

AbstractThere are about 2 billion people in the world who suffer from anaemia, mostly iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), by WHO data. Iron deficiency without anaemia is three times more common than IDA. In such patients, the condition of the small intestine should be evaluated, and malabsorption excluded. The aim of the study was to evaluate potential correlation between different types of enteropathy and iron absorption disturbances. The study was performed at the Latvian Maritime Medical Center “Gastroklinika” between the years 2014 and 2018. Iron absorption tests with 50 mg of oral iron gluconate were performed for each patient. Patients had filled in a FACIT questionnaire and had underwent video capsule endoscopy (VCE). A total of 48 patients were enrolled for analysis — 41 (85.4%) female and 7 (14.6%) male. Enteropathy was diagnosed in 35 cases: erosive — 17, erythematous — 12 and congestive — 6. By the time of VCE, 24 patients were suffering from anaemia. A total of 33 (68.7%) patients had problems with iron absorption, of whom 8 had no signs of enteropathy and 25 were diagnosed with enteropathy during VCE. IDA did not show a statistically significant correlation with enteropathy. However, the obtained results suggest that this should be studied further in association with small intestine malabsorption, to determine the precise role of enteropathy in IDA patients.

EFFECT OF IRON DEFICIENCY STRESS ON IRON-REDUCTASE ACTIVITY AT PLASMALEMMA OF APPLE ROOT CELLS

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2535-2544
Author(s):  
Zhen Hai Han ◽  
Jing-Tao Zhu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Xue-Feng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Root Cells ◽  
Iron Reductase

Update regarding anemia in heart failure

Medic ro ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Roxana Marcela Sânpălean ◽  
Dorina Nastasia Petra
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Cardiac Morbidity ◽  
Appropriate Treatment

Heart failure (HF) is a burden for the healthcare system. The incidence will increase significantly due to the aging of po­pu­la­tion, which is associated with multiple comorbidities. Ane­mia and iron deficiency are common in patients with HF, their etiology being often multifactorial. The screening for anemia and iron deficiency is recommended as soon as pos­si­ble. There are often no targeted investigations, therefore a significant proportion of cases are underdiagnosed. The ma­nagement of patients may focus on identifying and correcting the cause. Anemia can occur due to nutritional deficiencies, infla­m­mation, renal failure, bone marrow dysfunction, neuro­hor­mo­nal activity, treatment and hemodilution. The appropriate the­ra­py for the patients with anemia and HF will contribute to the improvement of life quality. The only recommended iron product is ferric carboxymalose administered by in­tra­venous infusion. Under the appropriate treatment, the pa­tients showed an increase in effort tolerance, with an im­prove­ment in symptomatology and a lower number of hos­pi­ta­li­za­tion days. The management of these cases is handled by a multidisciplinary team consisting of a general prac­ti­tio­ner, a cardiologist and other specialists if the patient has other comorbidities. The role of the general practitioner is essential, as he can perform proper screening, prevention and management, developed by a multidisciplinary team, in order to reduce the cardiac morbidity and mortality.  

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