Short- and long-term humoral immune response against Yersinia pestis in plague patients, Madagascar

Abstract Background Plague, a fatal disease caused by the bacillus, Yersinia pestis, still affects resources-limited countries. Information on antibody response to plague infection in human is scarce. Anti-F1 Ig G are among the known protective antibodies against Y. pestis infection. As a vaccine preventable disease, knowledge on antibody response is valuable for the development of an effective vaccine to reduce infection rate among exposed population in plague-endemic regions. In this study, we aim to describe short and long-term humoral immune responses against Y. pestis in plague-confirmed patients from Madagascar, the most affected country in the world. Methods Bubonic (BP) and pneumonic plague (PP) patients were recruited from plague- endemic foci in the central highlands of Madagascar between 2005 and 2017. For short-term follow-up, 6 suspected patients were enrolled and prospectively investigated for kinetics of the anti-F1 IgG response, whereas the persistence of antibodies was retrospectively studied in 71 confirmed convalescent patients, using an ELISA which was validated for the detection of plague in human blood samples in Madagascar. Results Similarly to previous findings, anti-F1 IgG rose quickly during the first week after disease onset and increased up to day 30. In the long-term study, 56% of confirmed cases remained seropositive, amongst which 60 and 40% could be considered as high- and low-antibody responders, respectively. Antibodies persisted for several years and up to 14.8 years for one individual. Antibody titers decreased over time but there was no correlation between titer and time elapsed between the disease onset and serum sampling. In addition, the seroprevalence rate was not significantly different between gender (P = 0.65) nor age (P = 0.096). Conclusion Our study highlighted that the circulating antibody response to F1 antigen, which is specific to Y. pestis, may be attributable to individual immune responsiveness. The finding that a circulating anti-F1 antibody titer could persist for more than a decade in both BP and PP recovered patients, suggests its probable involvement in patients’ protection. However, complementary studies including analyses of the cellular immune response to Y. pestis are required for the better understanding of long-lasting protection and development of a potential vaccine against plague.

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Antibody response to BNT162b vaccine is almost universal in health care workers. Results from the RENAISSANCE study: REsponse to BNT162b2 COVID-19 vacciNe - short And long term Immune reSponSe evAluatioN in healthCare workErs

Mayo Clinic Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.08.013 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Arianna Pani ◽

Valeria Cento ◽

Chiara Vismara ◽

Daniela Campisi ◽

Federica Di Ruscio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Immune Response ◽

Antibody Response ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Response Evaluation ◽

Care Workers ◽

Short And Long Term

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Dynamics of the Humoral Immune Response to a Prime-Boost Ebola Vaccine: Quantification and Sources of Variation

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.00579-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 93 (18) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chloé Pasin ◽

Irene Balelli ◽

Thierry Van Effelterre ◽

Viki Bockstal ◽

Laura Solforosi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Antibody Response ◽

Humoral Immune Response ◽

Phase 1 ◽

Humoral Response ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Phase 1 Trials ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Boost Immunization

ABSTRACT The Ebola vaccine based on Ad26.ZEBOV/MVA-BN-Filo prime-boost regimens is being evaluated in multiple clinical trials. The long-term immune response to the vaccine is unknown, including factors associated with the response and variability around the response. We analyzed data from three phase 1 trials performed by the EBOVAC1 Consortium in four countries: the United Kingdom, Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda. Participants were randomized into four groups based on the interval between prime and boost immunizations (28 or 56 days) and the sequence in which Ad26.ZEBOV and MVA-BN-Filo were administered. Consecutive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measurements of the IgG binding antibody concentrations against the Kikwit glycoprotein (GP) were available for 177 participants to assess the humoral immune response up to 1 year postprime. Using a mathematical model for the dynamics of the humoral response, from 7 days after the boost immunization up to 1 year after the prime immunization, we estimated the durability of the antibody response and the influence of different factors on the dynamics of the humoral response. Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) described the dynamics of antibody response and two populations of antibody-secreting cells (ASCs), short-lived (SL) and long-lived (LL). Parameters of the ODEs were estimated using a population approach. We estimated that half of the LL ASCs could persist for at least 5 years. The vaccine regimen significantly affected the SL ASCs and the antibody peak but not the long-term response. The LL ASC compartment dynamics differed significantly by geographic regions analyzed, with a higher long-term antibody persistence in European subjects. These differences could not be explained by the observed differences in cellular immune response. IMPORTANCE With no available licensed vaccines or therapies, the West African Ebola virus disease epidemic of 2014 to 2016 caused 11,310 deaths. Following this outbreak, the development of vaccines has been accelerated. Combining different vector-based vaccines as heterologous regimens could induce a durable immune response, assessed through antibody concentrations. Based on data from phase 1 trials in East Africa and Europe, the dynamics of the humoral immune response from 7 days after the boost immunization onwards were modeled to estimate the durability of the response and understand its variability. Antibody production is maintained by a population of long-lived cells. Estimation suggests that half of these cells can persist for at least 5 years in humans. Differences in prime-boost vaccine regimens affect only the short-term immune response. Geographical differences in long-lived cell dynamics were inferred, with higher long-term antibody concentrations induced in European participants.

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The kinetic variations of anti-nucleocapsid antibody in SARS-CoV-2 infection

10.1101/2021.02.05.21251208 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shoji Kawada ◽

Atsushi Ogata ◽

Yasuhiro Kato ◽

Masashi Okamoto ◽

Yuta Yamaguchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Antibody Response ◽

Nucleocapsid Protein ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Antibody Persistence ◽

Decay Pattern ◽

Kinetics Of

AbstractThe humoral immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) plays a pivotal role in controlling coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections. However, little is known about the persistence of the antibody response.We evaluated that the kinetics of anti-nucleocapsid protein antibody of SARS-CoV2 infected healthcare workers in COVID-19 cluster occurred hospital. The long-term kinetics of anti-N antibody was classified high and keep pattern, high and decay pattern, and low and keep pattern. COVID-19 contact and symptomaticity was not related to kinetic patterns.The reason of kinetic difference was still unclear. However natural anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody persistence was not uniform, suggesting inter-individual difference of SARS-CoV2 vaccine efficacy.

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Immunological imprinting of the antibody response in COVID-19 patients

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-23977-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Teresa Aydillo ◽

Alexander Rombauts ◽

Daniel Stadlbauer ◽

Sadaf Aslam ◽

Gabriela Abelenda-Alonso ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Antibody Response ◽

Humoral Immune Response ◽

Nucleocapsid Protein ◽

Spike Protein ◽

Ongoing Research ◽

Variable Regions ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Human Coronaviruses

AbstractIn addition to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), humans are also susceptible to six other coronaviruses, for which consecutive exposures to antigenically related and divergent seasonal coronaviruses are frequent. Despite the prevalence of COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing research, the nature of the antibody response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is unclear. Here we longitudinally profile the early humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2 in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and quantify levels of pre-existing immunity to OC43, HKU1 and 229E seasonal coronaviruses, and find a strong back-boosting effect to conserved but not variable regions of OC43 and HKU1 betacoronaviruses spike protein. However, such antibody memory boost to human coronaviruses negatively correlates with the induction of IgG and IgM against SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid protein. Our findings thus provide evidence of immunological imprinting by previous seasonal coronavirus infections that can potentially modulate the antibody profile to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Long-term maternal effect on offspring immune response in song sparrows Melospiza melodia

Biology Letters ◽

10.1098/rsbl.2006.0544 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 573-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Jane M Reid ◽

Peter Arcese ◽

Lukas F Keller ◽

Dennis Hasselquist

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Time Scales ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Antibody Responses ◽

Melospiza Melodia ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Free Living ◽

Humoral Immune ◽

Song Sparrows

Knowledge of the causes of variation in host immunity to parasitic infection and the time-scales over which variation persists, is integral to predicting the evolutionary and epidemiological consequences of host–parasite interactions. It is clear that offspring immunity can be influenced by parental immune experience, for example, reflecting transfer of antibodies from mothers to young offspring. However, it is less clear whether such parental effects persist or have functional consequences over longer time-scales, linking a parent's previous immune experience to future immune responsiveness in fully grown offspring. We used free-living song sparrows ( Melospiza melodia ) to quantify long-term effects of parental immune experience on offspring immune response. We experimentally vaccinated parents with a novel antigen and tested whether parental vaccination influenced the humoral antibody response mounted by fully grown offspring hatched the following year. Parental vaccination did not influence offspring baseline antibody titres. However, offspring of vaccinated mothers mounted substantially stronger antibody responses than offspring of unvaccinated mothers. Antibody responses did not differ between offspring of vaccinated and unvaccinated fathers. These data demonstrate substantial long-term effects of maternal immune experience on the humoral immune response of fully grown offspring in free-living birds.

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Evaluation of the humoral immune response in mice orally vaccinated with live recombinant attenuated Salmonella enterica delivering a secreted form of Yersinia pestis PsaA

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.070 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 28 (36) ◽

pp. 5810-5816 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Ascención Torres-Escobar ◽

María Dolores Juárez-Rodríguez ◽

Christine G. Branger ◽

Roy Curtiss

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Yersinia Pestis ◽

Humoral Immune Response ◽

Salmonella Enterica ◽

Humoral Immune

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Assessing the Beneficial Effects of the Immunomodulatory Glycan LNFPIII on Gut Microbiota and Health in a Mouse Model of Gulf War Illness

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17197081 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (19) ◽

pp. 7081

Author(s):

Ryan S. Mote ◽

Jessica M. Carpenter ◽

Rachel L. Dockman ◽

Andrew J. Steinberger ◽

Garret Suen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Global Scale ◽

Gulf War ◽

Lipocalin 2 ◽

Gut Health ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Gulf War Illness ◽

Term Study ◽

Long Term Study ◽

Short And Long Term

The microbiota’s influence on host (patho) physiology has gained interest in the context of Gulf War Illness (GWI), a chronic disorder featuring dysregulation of the gut–brain–immune axis. This study examined short- and long-term effects of GWI-related chemicals on gut health and fecal microbiota and the potential benefits of Lacto-N-fucopentaose-III (LNFPIII) treatment in a GWI model. Male C57BL/6J mice were administered pyridostigmine bromide (PB; 0.7 mg/kg) and permethrin (PM; 200 mg/kg) for 10 days with concurrent LNFPIII treatment (35 μg/mouse) in a short-term study (12 days total) and delayed LNFPIII treatment (2×/week) beginning 4 months after 10 days of PB/PM exposure in a long-term study (9 months total). Fecal 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on all samples post-LNFPIII treatment to assess microbiota effects of GWI chemicals and acute/delayed LNFPIII administration. Although PB/PM did not affect species composition on a global scale, it affected specific taxa in both short- and long-term settings. PB/PM elicited more prominent long-term effects, notably, on the abundances of bacteria belonging to Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families and the genus Allobaculum. LNFPIII improved a marker of gut health (i.e., decreased lipocalin-2) independent of GWI and, importantly, increased butyrate producers (e.g., Butyricoccus, Ruminococcous) in PB/PM-treated mice, indicating a positive selection pressure for these bacteria. Multiple operational taxonomic units correlated with aberrant behavior and lipocalin-2 in PB/PM samples; LNFPIII was modulatory. Overall, significant and lasting GWI effects occurred on specific microbiota and LNFPIII treatment was beneficial.

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Myocardial injury after electrical burns: Short and Long term study

Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery ◽

10.3109/02844318709086466 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 301-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. P. Guinard ◽

R. Chiolero ◽

E. Buchser ◽

A. Delaloye-Bischof ◽

M. Payot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Injury ◽

Term Study ◽

Long Term Study ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Electrical Burns

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Studies on Tyzzer's disease: a long-term study of the humoral antibody response in mice, rats abd rabbits

Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1258/002367779781071267 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 37-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A. Schaich Fries

Keyword(s):

Antibody Response ◽

Term Study ◽

Humoral Antibody ◽

Long Term Study ◽

Antibody Titres ◽

High Level

Mice treated with an antigen prepared from livers infected with Bacillus piliformis developed antibodies to the microorganism which reached a peak on the 7th day and disappeared within 40 days: antibody titres in experimentally-infected mice remained at a high level throughout life. The antibody titres in naturally-infected mice, rats and rabbits remained positive throughout life and followed the same pattern as that of the experimentally-infected mice.

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