scholarly journals Lactation challenges of resident physicians- results of a national survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle W. Peters ◽  
Aleksandra Kuczmarska-Haas ◽  
Emma B. Holliday ◽  
Lindsay Puckett
Keyword(s):  
Response Rate ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Resident Physicians ◽  
Recent Graduates

Abstract Background There are unique challenges to parenting in residency and there is limited data to guide policy regarding lactation facilities and support for female physicians-in-training. We aimed to assess issues surrounding breast-feeding during graduate medical training for current residents or recent graduates from United States (US) residency programs. Methods A national cross-sectional survey was sent to current and recently graduated (2017 and later) female residents in June 2020. This questionnaire was administered using the Qualtrics Survey tool and was open to each participating woman’s organization for 4 weeks. Summary statistics were used to describe characteristics of all respondents and free-text responses were reviewed to identify common themes regarding avenues for improvement. Results Three hundred twelve women responded to the survey, representing a 15.6% response rate. The median duration of providing breastmilk was 9 months (IQR 6–12). 21% of residents reported access to usable lactation rooms within their training hospital, in which 12% reported a computer was present. 60% of lactating residents reported not having a place to store breast milk. 73% reported residency limited their ability to lactate, and 37% stopped prior to their desired goal. 40% reported their faculty and/or co-residents made them feel guilty for their decision to breastfeed, and 56% reported their difficulties with breastfeeding during residency impacted their mental health. Conclusion Residents who become mothers during training face significant obstacles to meeting their breastfeeding/pumping needs and goals. With these barriers defined, informed policy change can be instituted to improve the lactation experience for physicians-in-training.

scholarly journals Paramedic confidence in estimating external blood loss

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Harris ◽  
Auston Rotheram ◽  
Sue Pearson ◽  
Peter Lucas ◽  
Dale Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Visual Estimation ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionStudies have identified that visual estimation of blood loss is highly inaccurate, however no research has investigated the relationship between this practice and the confidence of estimation by paramedics.The aim of this study was to determine paramedic confidence in the estimation of, and reporting of external blood loss due to medical or trauma aetiology, within an Australasian paramedic context.MethodsBetween July and September 2015, a cross-sectional survey was distributed through Australasian paramedic professional bodies to determine confidence in estimating and documentation of external blood loss. Using Likert scale and free text responses, participants provided demographic information and their self-perceived confidence in estimating and documenting external blood loss.ResultsFive thousand six hundred paramedics were invited to participate in an online survey. Two hundred and eight responses were received (3.8% response rate). A total of 86.6% of participants reported documenting blood loss in clinical reports, however only 47.8% of participants believed their estimation of external blood loss was accurate with 13% reporting underestimation and 33.5% reporting overestimation of blood loss. Additionally, only 51.6% of participants agreed to strongly agreed that they were confident in their estimation of blood loss.ConclusionThis research demonstrates the majority of paramedics estimate and document external blood loss, yet nearly half do not feel confident in doing so, despite indicating its importance. Educational and organisational changes are recommended to reflect the clear evidence against this practice. Further research is recommended to identify appropriate physiological parameters and practical assessment tools to replace this inaccurate form of clinical assessment.

scholarly journals Characteristics Sought When Hiring Faculty in Family Medicine Residency Programs

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-194
Author(s):  
Gretchen Irwin ◽  
Kari Nilsen ◽  
Raghuveer Vedala ◽  
Rick Kellerman
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Clinical Teaching ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
New Faculty ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Family Medicine Residency ◽  
Resident Physicians ◽  
Faculty Shortages

Background and Objectives: Faculty shortages are a significant concern in family medicine education. Many family medicine residency programs need to recruit faculty in the coming years. As a result, family medicine faculty and resident physicians will be interviewing candidates to fill these vacancies. Little is known about the characteristics valued in a family medicine residency faculty candidate. Methods: Using a cross-sectional survey of family medicine faculty and resident physicians in family medicine residency programs in Kansas, we attempted to define which characteristics are most valued by current faculty members and resident physicians in family medicine residency programs during the faculty hiring process. Results: Of 187 invited respondents, 93 completed the survey (49.7% response rate). Twenty-five characteristics, grouped into five domains of relationship building, clinical, teaching, research and administrative skills, were rated as either not important, important, or very important. Building and maintaining healthy relationships was the most important characteristic for faculty, residents, males, and females. Administrative characteristics were the lowest ranked domain in our survey. Discussion: These results provide an important snapshot of the characteristics valued in faculty candidates for family medicine residency programs. Understanding the paradigm used by existing faculty and resident physicians in family medicine residency programs when considering new faculty hires has an important impact on faculty recruitment and faculty development programs.

scholarly journals COVID-19’s Impact on the 2020-2021 Resident Match: A Survey of Otolaryngology Program Directors

2020 ◽  
pp. 000348942096704
Author(s):  
David A. Kasle ◽  
Sina J. Torabi ◽  
Said Izreig ◽  
Rahmatullah W. Rahmati ◽  
R. Peter Manes
Keyword(s):  
Program Directors ◽  
Large Majority ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Research Involvement ◽  
Historical Importance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Question Survey

Objective: To determine the impact coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) will have on the 2020-2021 otolaryngology (OTO-HNS) resident application cycle. Methods: A cross-sectional survey targeting OTO-HNS program directors (PD) was created and disseminated via email to PDs on May 28th 2020. Descriptive analyses of the 19-question survey was performed, and free text responses for certain suitable questions were thematically categorized into groups determined to be relevant during analysis. Results: Twenty-nine of 123 solicited PDs (23.6%) completed the survey. Nineteen (65.5%) respondents indicated they would not host away rotations (AR) in 2020, and 9 (31.0%) reported that they would consider away rotators without home programs. Regarding the historical importance of AR, 21 (72.4%) PDs stated they were either “extremely” or “very” important in evaluating candidates. Sixteen (55.2%) PDs stated that virtual interviews would impact their ability to properly gauge candidates and 12 (41.4%) were unsure. Eight PDs (27.6%) stated their evaluation of candidates will likely change, with a shift toward an increased reliance on letters of recommendation, research involvement, and clerkship grades. The large majority of PDs—25 (86.2%)—were not worried that the COVID-19 pandemic would affect the abilities of new interns beginning in 2021. Conclusion: Virtual interviews and engagement activities will mostly supplant sub-Is and AR for the 2020-2021 OTO-HNS application cycle. Surveyed PDs largely believe these will be insufficient in providing a comprehensive assessment of candidates, and will similarly limit applicants’ ability to gauge residency programs. Criteria utilized to evaluate students is expected to change.

scholarly journals Emergency medicine residency programs in Brazil: a national survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. e21012
Author(s):  
Henrique Herpich ◽  
Nayara Monteiro Pinhero ◽  
Marcio Da Silveira Rodrigues ◽  
Ian Ward A. Maia ◽  
Lucas Oliveira J. E Silva
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
High Acuity ◽  
High Level

Study objective: To describe the characteristics and curricula of Brazilian Emergency Medicine (EM) residency programs. Methods: This was a national cross-sectional survey conducted between January and May 2021. A survey was distributed to residency directors with queries about the characteristics of their programs. Descriptive analysis was performed stratified by Brazilian regions. Results: There were a total of 35 responses from the 39 (response rate = 89.7%) EM residency training programs in Brazil. Twelve (34.3%) programs were in the South region, 17 (48.6%) in the Southeast, 3 (8.6%) in the Central-West, and 3 (8.6%) in the Northeast. These 35 programs represented a total of 166 residency slots offered per year (median 4, range 2-24). All programs are of 3-year duration. Seventeen programs (48.6%) were officially launched in either 2019 or 2020. The estimated proportion of faculty with prior EM residency or board certification in EM was reported to be less than 20% in 26 of 35 (74.3%) programs. Only 5 rotations were mandatory across all 35 programs, including rotations in the emergency department (ED) intermediate acuity unit (“yellow” room), ED high acuity unit (“red” room), intensive care unit (ICU), obstetrics and gynecology, and trauma. Other rotations were highly heterogeneous across regions. Conclusion: Emergency medicine residency is clearly growing in Brazil, and there is a relatively high level of heterogeneity across programs. There is a clear need for standardization of residency curriculum.

scholarly journals The Journal of Orthodontics: A cross-sectional survey of British Orthodontic Society members

2021 ◽  
pp. 146531252098854
Author(s):  
Rosalind Jennings ◽  
Jadbinder Seehra ◽  
Martyn T Cobourne
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Current Clinical Practice ◽  
Online Interaction ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Level ◽  
Journal Content

Objective: To survey the opinion of British Orthodontic Society members on the Journal of Orthodontics. Design: Data collection involved an anonymous cross-sectional online SurveyMonkey™ questionnaire. Methods: An email invitation to complete the survey was sent to the 1842 members of the British Orthodontic Society on 9 June 2020 with a follow-up reminder on 15 July 2020. The invitation contained a brief description and online link to the questionnaire, which was active between 9 June and 9 August 2020. The 15-item questionnaire covered frequency of reading, preferred format, likes and dislikes, and what changes might improve the Journal. Data were analysed for the membership as a whole using simple descriptive statistics. Results: In total, 310 individuals completed the questionnaire, representing a response rate of 17% with 74.2% (n = 230) reporting reading at least one article per issue. The most popular way of reading the Journal (77.4%, n = 240) was through the distributed print copy. Overall, 63.6% (n=197) rated the Journal as excellent and 35.2% (n = 109) as satisfactory, with only 1.3% (n = 4) responding that it was poor. The scientific and clinical articles were the most popular aspect of the Journal and 90.3% (n = 280) of respondents felt the Journal content was relevant to their current clinical practice. Respondents were also given the opportunity to make additional free-text comments; and themes that emerged included a wish for more clinical content, more online interaction with authors through webinars and continued professional development. Conclusion: The Journal of Orthodontics is perceived as being relevant to current clinical practice by members of the British Orthodontic Society and has high-level satisfaction. There is a desire for more online interaction with the membership as part of its role within the society. However, the overall response rate was low and therefore a high risk of potential bias associated with this survey.

Comparison Of Attitudes Of Pre-clinical And Clinical Medical Students To Psychiatry As a Career Choice: a Cross Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S433-S433
Author(s):  
C. Oliver ◽  
O. Adekunte ◽  
O. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Service Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

BackgroundPsychiatry recruitment is currently insufficient to meet the targeted mental health service needs in the UK. Psychiatry is unpopular amongst medical students and in 2011, only 61% of junior training posts were filled by the first recruitment. RCPsych is currently working to promote psychiatry as a career choice for medical students.AimsTo compare preclinical and clinical medical students’ attitudes towards psychiatry as a career choice.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 212 clinical students (CS) and pre-clinical students (PS) at Newcastle University. Each student responded anonymously to an electronic questionnaire. The responses take the form of: Yes/No, free text, order of preference, and Likert scale. Results were analysed based on basic statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 29% PS rated psychiatry in their top 3 career choices compared with 16% CS. Fifty-seven percent PS believe that psychiatry is a respected branch of medicine and 70% believes it makes good use of medical training, while CS rated these at 50% and 52% respectively. Sixty-nine percent PS believe that psychiatry is scientific evidence based compared with 63% CS. Eighty-one percent PS disagreed with the statement that they feel negative about psychiatry compared with 61% CS.ConclusionsThe outcome shows increase in negative attitude to psychiatry between pre-clinical and clinical years at the medical school. This makes psychiatry an unpopular speciality among final year students. Further research is required to ascertain the reason for this decline in interest and negative attitude.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Current Models for Inpatient and Emergency Room Ophthalmology Consultation in U.S. Residency Programs

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. e171-e174
Author(s):  
Donna H. Kim ◽  
Dongseok Choi ◽  
Thomas S. Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Program Directors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Direct Supervision ◽  
Residency Programs ◽  
Residency Program Directors ◽  
Competency Assessments

Abstract Objective This article examines models of patient care and supervision for hospital-based ophthalmology consultation in teaching institutions. Design This is a cross-sectional survey. Methods An anonymous survey was distributed to residency program directors at 119 Accreditation Council for Graduated Medical Education accredited U.S. ophthalmology programs in the spring of 2018. Survey questions covered consult volume, rotational schedules of staffing providers, methods of supervision (direct vs. indirect), and utilization of consult-dedicated didactics and resident competency assessments. Results Of the 119 program directors, 48 (41%) completed the survey. Programs most frequently reported receiving 4 to 6 consults per day from the emergency department (27, 55.1%) and 4 to 6 consults per day from inpatient services (26, 53.1%). Forty-seven percent of programs reported that postgraduate year one (PGY-1) or PGY-2 residents on a dedicated consult rotation initially evaluate patients. Supervising faculty backgrounds included neuro-ophthalmology, cornea, comprehensive, or a designated chief of service. Staffing responsibility is typically shared by multiple faculty on a daily or weekly rotation. Direct supervision was provided for fewer of emergency room consults (1–30%) than for inpatient consults (71–99%). The majority of programs reported no dedicated didactics for consultation activities (27, 55.1%) or formal assessment for proficiency (33, 67.4%) prior to the initiation of call-related activities without direct supervision. Billing submission for consults was inconsistent and many consults may go financially uncompensated (18, 36.7%). Conclusion The majority of hospital-based ophthalmic consultation at academic centers is provided by a rotating pool of physicians supervising a lower level resident. Few programs validate increased levels of graduated independence using specific assessments.

scholarly journals The Frequency of Use and Harm Perception of Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs): The 2019 Cross-Sectional Survey among Medical Students from Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3381
Author(s):  
Paulina Majek ◽  
Mateusz Jankowski ◽  
Bartłomiej Nowak ◽  
Maksymilian Macherski ◽  
Maciej Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Medical University

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are devices for generating a nicotine aerosol by heating the tobacco sticks. This study aimed to assess (1) the prevalence of HTP and tobacco cigarette usage among medical students, (2) to characterize smoking habits and (3) to assess students’ awareness and opinions about HTPs. A cross-sectional survey on the frequency and attitudes toward cigarettes, e-cigarettes and HTP use was performed between 2019–2020 at the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice (Poland). The data were obtained from 1344 students aged 21.8 ± 1.9 years (response rate: 66.9%). Current traditional tobacco use was 13.2%, e-cigarettes use 3.5%, and HTP use 2.8% of students. Duration of use was shorter among HTPs users comparing to cigarette smokers (p < 0.001) although the number of tobacco sticks used daily was similar (p = 0.1). Almost 30% of respondents have ever tried HTPs. HTPs were considered safe by 5.3% of respondents (43.2% of HTP users vs. 3.9% of non-HTP users, p < 0.001). HTP users were more likely to report that heating tobacco is not addictive (odds ratio (OR) = 8.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.8–45.8) and disagreed with a public ban on HTP use (OR = 4.9, 95%CI: 2.5–9.8). Among students, HTP use was less popular than cigarette smoking, but awareness of their presence is widespread.

scholarly journals Career Intentions and Dropout Causes Among Medical Students in Kazakhstan

Medicina ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Kamila Faizullina ◽  
Galina Kausova ◽  
Zhanna Kalmataeva ◽  
Ardak Nurbakyt ◽  
Saule Buzdaeva
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Human Resources For Health ◽  
Medical Schools ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Survey Tool

Background and Objective. The number of new entrants to higher medical schools of Kazakhstan increased by 1.6 times from 2007 to 2012. However, it is not known how it will affect the shortage of human resources for health. Additionally, human resources for health in rural areas of Kazakhstan are 4 times scarcer than in urban areas. The aim of the present study was to investigate the intentions of students toward their professional future and readiness to work in rural areas, as well as to determine the causes for dropping out from medical schools. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2 medical universities in Almaty during the academic year 2011–2012. The study sample included medical students and interns. In total, 2388 students participated in the survey. The survey tool was an anonymous questionnaire. Results. The students of the first years of studies compared with those of later years of studies were more optimistic about the profession and had more intentions to work in the medical field. Only 8% of the students reported a wish to work in rural localities. On the other hand, 4% of the students did not plan to pursue the profession. On the average, every third medical student dropped out on his/her own request. Conclusions. Associations between intentions to work according to the profession and the year of studies, faculty, and residence area before enrolling in a medical school were documented. The majority of the students who came from rural areas preferred to stay and look for work in a city, which might contribute to an unequal distribution of physicians across the country.

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