scholarly journals Axial length growth difference between eyes after monocular laser refractive surgery: eight patients who underwent myopic laser ablation for both eyes at intervals of several years

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenghai Weng ◽  
Fei Xia ◽  
Dang Xu ◽  
Xingtao Zhou ◽  
Liangcheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Growth Difference ◽  
Laser Refractive Surgery

Abstract Background Myopia is a global public health issue. Controlling myopia progression is a primary focus of myopia studies today. Peripheral retinal myopic defocus is considered the mechanism for reduced myopia progression in orthokeratology studies. The topographic change in the front corneal surface after laser refractive surgery and orthokeratology procedures may appear similar. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of myopic laser ablation on axial length (AL) growth. Methods Myopic patients who underwent monocular excimer laser refractive surgery first in one eye and then in another eye several years later because of myopia occurrence or myopia progression were recruited. The axial length elongation and refraction (spherical equivalent) between the two eyes were observed and compared. Results A total of 8 myopic patients were enrolled in the study. The AL increased from 24.52 ± 0.96 mm to 24.68 ± 1.03 mm but without significance (T = 1.49, P > 0.05) in the ablated eyes. The AL increased significantly from 23.73 ± 0.91 mm to 24.26 ± 0.95 mm in the nonablated eyes (T = 6.76, P < 0.001). The AL elongation of the ablated eyes with 0.16 ± 0.30 mm growth was significantly lower than that of the nonablated eyes with 0.53 ± 0.32 mm growth (T = 8.98, P < 0.001). The spherical equivalent (SE) increased significantly in the ablated eyes (− 0.59 ± 0.21 (D), T = 6.36, P < 0.001) and in the nonablated eyes (− 0.97 ± 0.55 (D), T = 4.91, P < 0.01), and the difference between the two eyes was significant (T = 3.05, P < 0.05). Conclusions The inhibitory effect of myopic laser ablation on AL elongation reported in the limited case studies argues for animal research on its efficacy as a new intervention for myopia progression.

Topical atropine in retarding myopia progression and axial length growth in children with myopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-114
Author(s):  
Abdur Rahman Mohammad Alam ◽  
Md. Sanwar Hossain ◽  
Md. Shafiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Length Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

This study was conducted to observe the effect of atropine in retarding myopia progression and axial length growth in 36 myopic children (atropine group, 24; control, 12). The initial spherical equivalent of the atropine group and control group was -3.0 ± 1.6 dioptre and -3.5 ± 1.6 dioptre respectively. At the 12th month in atropine group, it was -2.9 ± 2.6 dioptre and -4.6 ± 1.9 dioptre in the control group. The power of the atropine group reduced but rose in the control group after 12 months. There was a statistically significant difference in final refractive errors between the two groups (p<0.05). The initial axial length of the atropine group and control group was 24.3± 1.0 mm and 24.6 ± 1.1 mm respectively. In 12th month, the changes in axial length in the two groups was insignificant. However, the mean axial length progression at 12 months of the atropine group was -0.1 ± 0.1 mm and it was lower than the control group which was -0.2 ± 0.2 mm, and this was statistically significant (p<0.05). In conclusion, topical atropine (0.01%) retarded myopia progre-ssion and axial length growth in myopic children.    

The Effect of Astigmatism Axis on Visual Acuity

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Mimouni ◽  
Achia Nemet ◽  
Russell Pokroy ◽  
Tzahi Sela ◽  
Gur Munzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
Laser In Situ Keratomileusis ◽  
Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Tel Aviv ◽  
Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
Laser Refractive Surgery ◽  
Better Than

Purpose To evaluate the effect of astigmatism axis on uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) in emmetropic eyes that underwent laser refractive surgery. Methods This retrospective study included patients who underwent laser in situ keratomileusis or photorefractive keratectomy between January 2000 and December 2015 at the Care-Vision Laser Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel. Eyes with a 3-month postoperative spherical equivalent between -0.5 D and 0.5 D were included in this study. Eyes with ocular comorbidities and planned ametropia were excluded. Study eyes were divided into 3 groups according to the steep astigmatic axis: with the rule (WTR) (60-120), oblique (31-59 or 121-149), and against the rule (ATR) (0-30 or 150-180). The UDVA of these 3 groups was compared. The oblique group was divided into oblique ATR and oblique WTR, which were compared with each other. Results A total of 17,416 consecutive eyes of 8,708 patients were studied. The WTR eyes (n = 10,651) had significantly better UDVA (logMAR 0.01 ± 0.08) than the oblique (n = 3,141, logMAR 0.02 ± 0.09) and ATR eyes (n = 3,624, logMAR 0.02 ± 0.10) (p<0.001). The oblique WTR group had significantly better UDVA than the oblique ATR group (p<0.001). The UDVA of the oblique and ATR groups was similar. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the group accounted for 15% of the UDVA variance (p = 0.04). Conclusions The astigmatic axis has a small but significant effect on UDVA in emmetropic eyes; WTR was better than oblique and ATR astigmatism. Therefore, when correcting astigmatism, it may be preferable to err towards WTR astigmatism.

scholarly journals Use baseline axial length measurements in myopic patients to predict the control of myopia with and without atropine 0.01%

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254061
Author(s):  
Loreto V. T. Rose ◽  
Angela M. Schulz ◽  
Stuart L. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Paired Difference ◽  
Length Growth ◽  
Slow Progressors ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Change In Mean

Purpose Identifying axial length growth rate as an indicator of fast progression before initiating atropine 0.01% for myopia progression in children. Method From baseline, axial length growth over six months was measured prospectively. Subjects were then initiated on atropine 0.01% if axial length growth was greater than 0.1mm per 6 months (fast progressors), axial length and spherical equivalent change measurements recorded every six months. The rate of change was compared to the baseline pre-treatment rate. If axial length change was below the threshold, subjects received monitoring only. Results 73 subjects were identified as fast progressors and commenced atropine 0.01%, (mean baseline refraction of OD -2.9±1.6, OS -2.9±1.8 and a mean baseline axial length OD 24.62 ± 1.00 mm, OS 24.53 ± 0.99 mm). At six months, the mean paired difference of axial length growth rate was significantly reduced by 50% of baseline (all 73 subjects, p<0.05). 53 subjects followed to 12 months, and 12 to 24 months maintained a reduced growth rate. Change in mean spherical equivalent was significantly reduced compared to pre-treatment refractive error (mean paired difference p<0.05) and at each subsequent visit. 91 children were slow progressors and remained untreated. Their axial length growth rate did not change significantly out to 24 months. Spherical equivalent changed less than -0.5D annually in this group. Conclusion Identifying fast progressors before treatment initiation demonstrated a strong treatment effect with atropine 0.01% reducing their individual rate of myopia progression by 50%. Another large group of myopic children, slow progressors, continued without medical intervention. A baseline axial length growth rate is proposed as a guideline to identify fast progressors who are more likely to benefit from atropine 0.01%.

scholarly journals Corneal-Based Surgical Presbyopic Therapies and Their Application in Pseudophakic Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace L. Paley ◽  
Roy S. Chuck ◽  
Linda M. Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
Corneal Inlay ◽  
History Of ◽  
Surgical Options ◽  
Laser Refractive Surgery

Purpose. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary of laser refractive surgery and corneal inlay approaches to treat presbyopia in patients after cataract surgery.Summary. The presbyopic population is growing rapidly along with increasing demands for spectacle independence. This review will focus on the corneal-based surgical options to address presbyopia including various types of corneal intrastromal inlays and laser ablation techniques to generate either a multifocal cornea (“PresbyLASIK”) or monovision. The natural history of presbyopia develops prior to cataracts, and these presbyopic surgeries have been largely studied in phakic patients. Nevertheless, pseudophakic patients may also undergo these presbyopia-compensating procedures for enhanced quality of life. This review examines the published reports that apply these technologies to patients after cataract surgery and discusses unique considerations for this population.

scholarly journals A 3-year Randomized Clinical Trial of MiSight Lenses for Slowing Myopia Progression

The Eye ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4(132)) ◽  
pp. 11-28
Author(s):  
P. Chamberlain ◽  
Sofia C. Peixoto-de-Matos ◽  
N. S. Logan ◽  
Ch. Ngo ◽  
D. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Contact Lens ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Soft Contact ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Soft Contact Lens ◽  
Spherical Equivalent Refraction

Significance. Results of this randomized, double-masked clinical trial demonstrate the effectiveness of the MiSight soft contact lens in slowing myopia progression over multiple years.Purpose. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effectiveness of MiSight daily disposable soft contact lens in slowing the progression of juvenile-onset myopia.Methods. Myopic children (spherical equivalent refraction, −0.75 to −4.00 D; astigmatism, < 1.00 D) aged 8 to 12 years with no prior contact lens experience were enrolled in a 3-year, double-masked, randomized clinical trial at four investigational sites in four countries. Subjects in each group were matched for age, sex, and ethnicity and were randomized to either a MiSight®1 day contact lens (test) or Proclear®1 day (control; omafilcon A) and worn on a daily disposable basis. Primary outcome measures were the change in cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction and axial length.Results. Of the subjects enrolled, 75.5% (109/144) completed the clinical trial (53 test, 56 control). Unadjusted change in spherical equivalent refraction was −0.73 D (59%) less in the test group than in the control group (−0.51 ± 0.64 vs. –1.24 ± 0.61 D, P < 0.001). Mean change in axial length was 0.32 mm (52%) less in the test group than in the control group (0.30 ± 0.27 vs. 0.62 ± 0.30 mm, P < 0.001). Changes in spherical equivalent refraction and axial length were highly correlated (r = −0.90, P < .001). Over the course of the study, there were no cases of serious ocular adverse events reported. Four asymptomatic corneal infiltrative (one test, three control) events were observed at scheduled study visits.Conclusions. Results of this clinical trial demonstrate the effectiveness of the MiSight daily disposable soft contact lens in slowing change in spherical equivalent refraction and axial length.

Comparison of intraocular lens power formulas according to axial length after myopic corneal laser refractive surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Woong-Joo Whang ◽  
Kenneth J. Hoffer ◽  
Seon-Ju Kim ◽  
So-Hyang Chung ◽  
Giacomo Savini
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Lens ◽  
Axial Length ◽  
Refractive Surgery ◽  
Intraocular Lens Power ◽  
Laser Refractive Surgery ◽  
Lens Power

Our Experience of Using Soft Bifocal Contact Lenses in Children with Progressive Myopia

The Eye ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
N. N. Slyshalova ◽  
N. V. Khvatova
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Strong Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Progressive Myopia ◽  
Strong Body

Introduction. According to the studies, one out of three myopic patients with refraction greater than –6.00 D and an axial length greater than 26 mm is at high risk of facing low vision and loss of sight in the future. According to the results of medical examinations and screenings in carried out in Ivanovo, the prevalence of myopia in primary school children has increased three times during the past twenty years. Myopic children under 7 years old are six times more likely to have myopia progressed to higher degrees than children in which myopia onset took place later (at the age of 11–12 years). Optical interventions for myopia control such as orthokeratology and soft bifocal contact lenses have a strong body of evidence and are well accepted by ophthalmologists.Purpose. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of soft bifocal contact lenses on refraction, accommodation and axial length in children with progressive myopia.Materials and methods. We observed 30 children aged 8–15 years with myopia progression rate of 0.82 D/year and accommodative weakness and instability. We prescribed OKVision PrimaBio Bi-focal design soft bifocal contact lenses (OKVision, Russia) that feature +4.00 D addition power on periphery. The effectiveness was estimated by monitoring refraction, accommodation and axial length every three months within a year.Results. After 12 months of wearing soft bifocal contact lenses, the annual myopia progression rate decreased 4.3 times on average. We were able to stabilize myopia in 50% of the children during the period of monitoring. The use of this intervention had a strong effect on accommodation resulting in an increase of its amplitude and reserve.Conclusion. The use of soft bifocal contact lenses has been proven to have a strong inhibitory effect on myopia progression rate. Myopia stabilization manifested itself as the absence of increase in myopic refraction and axial length as well as normalization of accommodative function.

scholarly journals The Treatment Zone Size and Its Decentration Influence Axial Length Grow in Children With Orthokeratology Treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiping Lin ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Tianpu Gu ◽  
Chunyu Tang ◽  
Bei Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Length ◽  
Corneal Topography ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Zone Size ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Myopia Progression ◽  
Treatment Zone ◽  
Length Growth ◽  
Lens Wear

Abstract Background: To investigate whether the treatment zone size (TZS) and treatment zone decentration (TZD) will affect the axial length growth in myopic children undergoing orthokeratology treatment.Methods: A self-controlled retrospective study was conducted on 352 children who met the inclusion criteria. Axial length was measured before and at 12 months after the initial lens wear. Corneal topography was measured at baseline and at each follow-up after lens wear. The Corneal topography obtained from the 12-month visit was used to quantify TZS and TZD for each subject. Cycloplegic refraction was required for all subjects before fitting the orthokeratology lenses. Results: Axial length growth was significantly associated with age, baseline spherical equivalent (SE), TZS, and TZD with univariate linear regression. In groups with both small and large TZS, axial length growth was significantly decreased with large TZD (both P < 0.001). In groups with both small and large TZD, axial length growth was significantly decreased with small TZS (P = 0.027 for small TZD, P = 0.011 for large TZD). Age, SE, and TZD were significantly associated with axial length growth in multiple regression (all P < 0.001). Conclusion: Relatively smaller TZS and larger TZD may be beneficial in slowing myopia progression in children with orthokeratology treatment.

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