Incidence and determinants of medication errors and adverse drug events among hospitalized children in West Ethiopia

Medication errors affect the pediatric age group in all settings: outpatient, inpatient, emergency department, and at home. Children may be at special risk due to size and physiologic variability, limited communication ability, and treatment by nonpediatric health care providers. Those with chronic illnesses and on multiple medications may be at higher risk of experiencing adverse drug events. Some strategies that have been employed to reduce harm from pediatric medication errors include e-prescribing and computerized provider order entry with decision support, medication reconciliation, barcode systems, clinical pharmacists in medical settings, medical staff training, package changes to reduce look-alike/sound-alike confusion, standardization of labeling and measurement devices for home administration, and quality improvement interventions to promote nonpunitive reporting of medication errors coupled with changes in systems and cultures. Future research is needed to measure the effectiveness of these preventive strategies.

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Improving Medication Safety Through the Use of Metrics

Journal of Pharmacy Practice ◽

10.1177/0897190013504959 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 61-64

Author(s):

Robert D. Beckett ◽

Marina Yazdi ◽

Laura J. Hanson ◽

Ross W. Thompson

Keyword(s):

Medication Errors ◽

Medication Safety ◽

Adverse Drug Events ◽

Safety Information ◽

Medication Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Survey Instrument ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Safety Metrics

Purpose: Describe medication safety metrics used at University HealthSystem Consortium (UHC) institutions and recommend a meaningful way to report and communicate medication safety information across an organization. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using an electronically distributed, open-ended survey instrument. Results: Twenty percent of the UHC institutions responded to our survey. Seventy-seven percent of those institutions responding to our survey reported their organization has defined metrics to measure medication safety; an additional 21% of the institutions were still in the process of defining metrics. Of metrics that were reported, 33% were true medication safety metrics. Results are distributed to a wide variety of institutional venues. Conclusion: Institutions should take several actions related to medication safety including defining local metrics; building metrics addressing preventable adverse drug events, medication errors, and technology; and reporting results to a variety of venues in order to design specific interventions to improve local medication use.

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Medication Errors and Adverse Drug Events Prevention

Encyclopedia of Clinical Pharmacy (Print) ◽

10.1201/b13789-97 ◽

2002 ◽

pp. 533-544

Author(s):

Vicki Crane

Keyword(s):

Medication Errors ◽

Adverse Drug Events

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Medication Safety: Reducing Anesthesia Medication Errors and Adverse Drug Events in Dentistry Part 2

Anesthesia Progress ◽

10.2344/anpr-67-01-10 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 48-59

Author(s):

Daniel S. Sarasin ◽

Jason W. Brady ◽

Roy L. Stevens

Keyword(s):

General Anesthesia ◽

Medication Errors ◽

Medication Safety ◽

Adverse Drug Events ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Full Spectrum ◽

Dental Profession ◽

Novel Method ◽

Dental Providers ◽

Preventive Methods

For decades, the dental profession has provided the full spectrum of anesthesia services ranging from local anesthesia to general anesthesia in the office-based ambulatory environment to alleviate pain and anxiety. However, despite a reported record of safety, complications occasionally occur. Two common contributing factors to general anesthesia and sedation complications are medication errors and adverse drug events. The prevention and early detection of these complications should be of paramount importance to all dental providers who administer or otherwise use anesthesia services. Unfortunately, there is a lack of literature currently available regarding medication errors and adverse drug events involving anesthesia for dentistry. As a result, the profession is forced to look to the medical literature regarding these issues not only to assess the likely severity of the problem but also to develop preventive methods specific for general anesthesia and sedation as practiced within dentistry. Part 1 of this 2-part article illuminated the problems of medication errors and adverse drug events, primarily as documented within medicine. Part 2 will focus on how these complications affect dentistry, discuss several of the methods that medical anesthesia has implemented to manage such problems that may have utility in dentistry, and introduce a novel method for addressing these issues within dentistry known as the Dental Anesthesia Medication Safety Paradigm (DAMSP).

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Medication errors and adverse drug events in an intensive care unit: Direct observation approach for detection

Critical Care Medicine ◽

10.1097/01.ccm.0000198106.54306.d7 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 415-425 ◽

Cited By ~ 210

Author(s):

Brian J. Kopp ◽

Brian L. Erstad ◽

Michelle E. Allen ◽

Andreas A. Theodorou ◽

Gail Priestley

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Medication Errors ◽

Direct Observation ◽

Adverse Drug Events

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Differences in adverse drug events and medication errors among pediatric inpatients aged <3 and ≥3 years: The JADE study

Journal of Patient Safety and Risk Management ◽

10.1177/25160435211046764 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 251604352110467

Author(s):

Jiro Takeuchi ◽

Mio Sakuma ◽

Yoshinori Ohta ◽

Hiroyuki Ida ◽

Takeshi Morimoto

Keyword(s):

Hospital Stay ◽

Medication Errors ◽

Primary Outcome ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Adverse Drug Events ◽

Medication Use ◽

Skill Levels ◽

Linguistic Skills ◽

Events Study

Background Adverse drug events (ADEs) are defined as any injuries due to medication use. We hypothesized that the incidences of ADEs and medication errors (MEs) could be associated with linguistic skills of pediatric patients. Methods We analyzed data from the Japan Adverse Drug Events study on pediatric inpatients. This study included inpatients aged one months and older and less than seven years old. We compared the primary outcome of ADEs and MEs between patients aged under three years and three years and older as children typically do not acquire sufficient linguistic skills until around three years of age. Results This study included 639 patients; 412 (64%) patients aged under three years and 227 (36%) patients aged three years and older. We identified 241 ADEs in 639 patients; 152 ADEs among patients aged under three years (37 ADEs per 100 patients) and 89 ADEs among those aged three years and older (39 ADEs per 100 patients). ADEs among patients aged under three years were less likely to be found (49 ADEs) during their hospital stay than those aged three years and older (20 ADEs) ( P = 0.02). Among 172 MEs identified in 639 patients, 25 MEs (15%) resulted in ADEs; 23 (92%) occurred to those aged under three years and two (8%) occurred to those aged three years and older ( P = 0.0008). Conclusion ADEs were less likely to be found and MEs resulted in ADEs more frequently in patients under three years old, and these differences could be explained by differences in their linguistic skill levels.

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Perioperative Medication Errors and Adverse Drug Events

50 Studies Every Anesthesiologist Should Know ◽

10.1093/med/9780190237691.003.0026 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 138-142

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Medication Errors ◽

Prospective Observational Study ◽

Adverse Drug Events ◽

Perioperative Period ◽

Anesthesia Care ◽

Perioperative Medication

This case focuses on medication errors and adverse drug events occurring during the perioperative period by asking the question: What are the rates, types, severity, and preventability of medication errors (MEs) and adverse drug events (ADEs) in the perioperative setting during anesthesia care? This prospective observational study reported that approximately 1 in 20 perioperative medication administrations, and every second operation, resulted in an ME and/or an ADE. These rates are markedly higher than those reported by prior retrospective surveys. Process- and technology-based solutions may address the root causes of MEs to reduce their incidence.

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Improving Patient Safety with Information Technology

Handbook of Research on Advances in Health Informatics and Electronic Healthcare Applications ◽

10.4018/978-1-60566-030-1.ch009 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 144-152 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

James G. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Information Technology ◽

Medication Errors ◽

Health Care Providers ◽

Adverse Drug Events ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Simulation Models ◽

Care Providers ◽

Care Systems ◽

Computer Simulation Models

Over three-quarters of a million people are injured or die in hospitals annually from adverse drug events. The majority of medication errors result from poorly designed health care systems rather than from negligence on the part of health care providers. Health care systems, in general, rely on voluntary reporting which seriously underestimates the number of medication errors and adverse drug events (ADEs) by as much as 90%. This chapter reviews the literature on (1) the incidence and costs of medication errors and ADEs; (2) detecting and reporting medication errors and related ADEs; (3) and the use of information technology to reduce the number of medication errors and ADEs in health care settings. Results from an analysis of data on medication errors from a regional data sharing consortium and from computer simulation models designed to analyze the effectiveness of information technology (IT) in preventing medication errors are summarized.

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