scholarly journals Does obesity persist from childhood to adolescence? A 4-year prospective cohort study of chinese students in Hong Kong

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Yuet-ling Tung ◽  
Frederick Ka-wing Ho ◽  
Keith Tsz-suen Tung ◽  
Rosa Sze-man Wong ◽  
Wilfred Hing-sang Wong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Award Scheme

Abstract Background Little is known about the progression of obesity from childhood to adolescence. This study aimed to longitudinally examine the obesity status in a cohort of children across their childhood and adolescence, and to identify the factors associated with persistent obesity. Methods The study used data from School Physical Fitness Award Scheme (SPFAS), a population-based programme in Hong Kong primary and secondary schools. Students were included if they participated in the SPFAS in both 2014 (Primary 1 and 2) and 2018 (Primary 5 and 6). Their anthropometric and physical fitness parameters were analyzed. Results A total of 18,863 students were included. The baseline prevalence of obesity was 5.7 %. After 4 years, the prevalence increased to 6.7 %. Among those with obesity at baseline, 35.3 % remained obese after 4 years. The addition of baseline physical fitness level did not improve the prediction for persistent obesity. Conclusions One-third of obese students in junior primary school remained to be obese into adolescence. Their baseline physical fitness level did not improve the predictive value for future obesity. Further studies should investigate the prognostic factors that may influence the natural course of childhood obesity.

scholarly journals 1271. Prevalence and Factors Associated With HIV Testing Among Sexually Experienced 18–49-Year-Old Hong Kong Residents

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S387-S387
Author(s):  
Yanping Zhao ◽  
William Parish ◽  
Li-Gang Yang ◽  
Michael Emch ◽  
King Man Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Sex Behaviors

Abstract Background The main HIV transmission route in Hong Kong is sex, accounting for 78.0% of the total reported cases. The majority of HIV cases were identified among those 20 to 49 years of age. In this study, we explored the prevalence and factors associated with HIV testing among 18 to 49 years old residents in Hong Kong. Methods A population-based survey on sexual practice and health behavior was conducted in Hong Kong with a sample of 881 participants drawn from geospatial modeling, proportional to the district population sizes. Invitation letters were sent to selected households and interviewers were sent to recruit one subject per household. Once recruited, face-to-face interviews were carried out with a computer-assisted self-interview. The final data were weighted according to the 2011 Hong Kong census and factors identified through logistic regression. Results Among 881 participants, 81.6% reported having sex before, among whom, 19.5% (137) had ever taken HIV tests. The main reasons for the 75.5% of participants not taking HIV testing are they do not think they are at risk of HIV infection (59.1%) or think they are very healthy (29.4%). The main places for HIV testing among those tested were public hospital/clinic (39.7%), private clinic/hospital (34.7%), and another 22.0% was tested in antenatal check-up or Hong Kong Red Cross. Among the sexually experienced residents, factors associated with HIV testing include marital status and number of sexual partners. Compared with single participants, those cohabiting, married, or with marital history were about seven times more likely to be tested (aOR = 6.73, 95% CI 2.23–20.31). Those who had >1 sexual partners were about twice as likely to be tested (aOR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.05–3.25). Other factors such as condom use, sexual orientation, anal sex behaviors or sexually transmitted infections history were not associated with HIV testing. Conclusion HIV testing among Hong Kong residents is comparatively low. Though those with more than one sexual partner are more likely to be tested, those single, nonconsistent condom users, or with risky behavior such as anal sex behaviors do not associate with higher HIV testing. More HIV testing campaign and awareness raising shall be targeted toward people with at-risk behaviors. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Predictors of Intention to Vaccinate against COVID-19 in the General Public in Hong Kong: Findings from a Population-Based, Cross-Sectional Survey

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 696
Author(s):  
Elsie Yan ◽  
Daniel W. L. Lai ◽  
Vincent W. P. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
To Receive

Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to stop the spread of COVID-19. Understanding factors associated with intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines is the key to a successful vaccination programme. This cross-sectional study explored the rate of vaccination intention and identified its predictors using the health belief model (HBM) in the general population in Hong Kong during the pandemic. Data were collected between December 2020 and January 2021 via telephone surveys. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with intention to receive COVID-19 vaccines. A total of 1255 adults (>18 years, 53% female) completed the telephone survey. Overall, 42% indicated an intention to vaccinate, 31.5% showed vaccine hesitancy, and 26.5% reported refusal to receive any COVID-19 vaccines. Individuals who were men, older in age, working, with past experiences of other pandemics, less concerned with the vaccine safety, with poorer knowledge about COVID-19, and having greater levels of perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, cues to action, and acceptance of governmental preventive measures related to COVID-19 were significantly more likely to report an intention to vaccinate. The low intention among the Hong Kong population reflects the importance of developing effective vaccination promotion campaigns with the predictors identified in this study.

Intention to Quit Smoking, Attempts to Quit, and Successful Quitting among Hong Kong Chinese Smokers: Population Prevalence and Predictors

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 346-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abu Saleh M. Abdullah ◽  
HK Yam
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Intention To Quit ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Quit Attempts ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Purpose. To assess the prevalence of each step in the smoking-cessation process (intention to quit, attempts to quit, and successful quitting) and to examine the factors associated with them among Chinese smokers. Design. A cross-sectional survey of subjects from randomly selected households. Setting. Four thousand one hundred forty-two households in Hong Kong. Subjects. A total of 11,779 persons, aged 15 years or older, were enumerated (response rate = 74.0%). Measures. A validated structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire sought information on the subject's sociodemographic background, smoking habits, and workplace attitude to smoking. The predictors for successful quitting, past quitting attempts, and intention to quit were assessed by χ2 tests and multiple logistic regression. Results. Of the respondents, 14.4% were current smokers, 7.5% were ex-smokers, and 78.1% were nonsmokers. Of the daily smokers, 52% intended to quit. The factors associated with quitting were being married, being in the student/retired/others category, being older, having received higher education, not smoking to kill time, and smoking because of curiosity. Being married and not smoking to kill time were associated with past quitting attempts. Being male, married, and not smoking to kill time were associated with the intention to quit smoking. Conclusion. The findings of this study indicate that differing predictors may contribute to the different transitional stages of smoking cessation. Population-based smoking-cessation programs should take these predictors into consideration in the design of interventions.

scholarly journals Mortality in Escherichia coli bloodstream infections: a multinational population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa C. MacKinnon ◽  
Scott A. McEwen ◽  
David L. Pearl ◽  
Outi Lyytikäinen ◽  
Gunnar Jacobsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Day Case ◽  
Fatality Risk ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Case Fatality Risk ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Background Escherichia coli is the most common cause of bloodstream infections (BSIs) and mortality is an important aspect of burden of disease. Using a multinational population-based cohort of E. coli BSIs, our objectives were to evaluate 30-day case fatality risk and mortality rate, and determine factors associated with each. Methods During 2014–2018, we identified 30-day deaths from all incident E. coli BSIs from surveillance nationally in Finland, and regionally in Sweden (Skaraborg) and Canada (Calgary, Sherbrooke, western interior). We used a multivariable logistic regression model to estimate factors associated with 30-day case fatality risk. The explanatory variables considered for inclusion were year (2014–2018), region (five areas), age (< 70-years-old, ≥70-years-old), sex (female, male), third-generation cephalosporin (3GC) resistance (susceptible, resistant), and location of onset (community-onset, hospital-onset). The European Union 28-country 2018 population was used to directly age and sex standardize mortality rates. We used a multivariable Poisson model to estimate factors associated with mortality rate, and year, region, age and sex were considered for inclusion. Results From 38.7 million person-years of surveillance, we identified 2961 30-day deaths in 30,923 incident E. coli BSIs. The overall 30-day case fatality risk was 9.6% (2961/30923). Calgary, Skaraborg, and western interior had significantly increased odds of 30-day mortality compared to Finland. Hospital-onset and 3GC-resistant E. coli BSIs had significantly increased odds of mortality compared to community-onset and 3GC-susceptible. The significant association between age and odds of mortality varied with sex, and contrasts were used to interpret this interaction relationship. The overall standardized 30-day mortality rate was 8.5 deaths/100,000 person-years. Sherbrooke had a significantly lower 30-day mortality rate compared to Finland. Patients that were either ≥70-years-old or male both experienced significantly higher mortality rates than those < 70-years-old or female. Conclusions In our study populations, region, age, and sex were significantly associated with both 30-day case fatality risk and mortality rate. Additionally, 3GC resistance and location of onset were significantly associated with 30-day case fatality risk. Escherichia coli BSIs caused a considerable burden of disease from 30-day mortality. When analyzing population-based mortality data, it is important to explore mortality through two lenses, mortality rate and case fatality risk.

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