scholarly journals Youth in transition: Study protocol of a prospective cohort study into the long-term course of addiction, mental health problems and social functioning in youth entering addiction treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Moska ◽  
Anna E. Goudriaan ◽  
Peter Blanken ◽  
Dike van de Mheen ◽  
Renske Spijkerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Transition Study

Abstract Background Substance use disorders (SUDs) are prevalent in the general population, tend to follow a chronic course, are associated with many individual and social problems, and often have their onset in adolescence. However, the knowledge base from prospective population surveys and treatment-outcome studies on the course of SUD in adolescents is limited at best. The present study aims to fill this gap and focuses on a subgroup that is particularly at risk for chronicity: adolescents in addiction treatment. We will investigate the rate of persistent SUD and its predictors longitudinally from adolescence to young adulthood among youth with DSM-5 SUD from the start of their addiction treatment to 2 and 4 years following treatment-entry. In addition to SUD, we will investigate the course of comorbid mental disorders, social functioning, and quality of life and their association with SUD over time. Methods/design In a naturalistic, multi-center prospective cohort design, we will include youths (n = 420), who consecutively enter addiction treatment at ten participating organizations in the Netherlands. Inclusion is prestratified by treatment organization, to ensure a nationally representative sample. Eligible youths are 16 to 22 years old and seek help for a primary DSM-5 cannabis, alcohol, cocaine or amphetamine use disorder. Assessments focus on lifetime and current substance use and SUD, non-SUD mental disorders, family history, life events, social functioning, treatment history, quality of life, chronic stress indicators (hair cortisol) and neuropsychological tests (computerized executive function tasks) and are conducted at baseline, end of treatment, and 2 and 4 years post-baseline. Baseline data and treatment data (type, intensity, duration) will be used to predict outcome – persistence of or desistance from SUD. Discussion There are remarkably few prospective studies worldwide that investigated the course of SUD in adolescents in addiction treatment for longer than 1 year. We are confident that the Youth in Transition study will further our understanding of determinants and consequences of persistent SUD among high-risk adolescents during the critical transition from adolescence to young adulthood. Trial registration The Netherlands National Trial Register Trial NL7928. Date of registration January 17, 2019.

scholarly journals Quality of Life and Social Functioning during Treatment of Recent Hepatitis C Infection: A Multi-Centre Prospective Cohort

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e0150655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph S. Doyle ◽  
Jason Grebely ◽  
Tim Spelman ◽  
Maryam Alavi ◽  
Gail V. Matthews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Hepatitis C Infection

Changes in quality of life, healthcare use, and substance use in HIV/hepatitis C coinfected patients after hepatitis C therapy: a prospective cohort study

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Wah Yeung ◽  
Jim Young ◽  
Erica Moodie ◽  
Kathleen C. Rollet-Kurhajec ◽  
Kevin Schwartzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Healthcare Use ◽  
Hepatitis C Therapy

scholarly journals Improved Quality of Life Following Addiction Treatment Is Associated with Reductions in Substance Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1407
Author(s):  
Victoria Manning ◽  
Joshua B. B. Garfield ◽  
Tina Lam ◽  
Steve Allsop ◽  
Lynda Berends ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Study Patient ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Patient Pathways

People seeking treatment for substance use disorders (SUD) ultimately aspire to improve their quality of life (QOL) through reducing or ceasing their substance use, however the association between these treatment outcomes has received scant research attention. In a prospective, multi-site treatment outcome study (‘Patient Pathways’), we recruited 796 clients within one month of intake from 21 publicly funded addiction treatment services in two Australian states, 555 (70%) of whom were followed-up 12 months later. We measured QOL at baseline and follow-up using the WHOQOL-BREF (physical, psychological, social and environmental domains) and determined rates of “SUD treatment success” (past-month abstinence or a statistically reliable reduction in substance use) at follow-up. Mixed effects linear regression analyses indicated that people who achieved SUD treatment success also achieved significantly greater improvements in QOL, relative to treatment non-responders (all four domains p < 0.001). Paired t-tests indicated that non-responders significantly improved their social (p = 0.007) and environmental (p = 0.033) QOL; however, their psychological (p = 0.088) and physical (p = 0.841) QOL did not significantly improve. The findings indicate that following treatment, QOL improved in at least some domains, but that reduced substance use was associated with both stronger and broader improvements in QOL. Addressing physical and psychological co-morbidities during treatment may facilitate reductions in substance use.

Assessing the Validity of the Age at Onset Criterion for Diagnosing ADHD in DSM-5

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanel Chandra ◽  
Joseph Biederman ◽  
Stephen V. Faraone
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Familial Transmission ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5

Objective: Research about Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) age of onset criterion for ADHD led to increasing that criterion to 12 in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5). Although an improvement from the previous age at onset of 7, whether this new criterion is adequate to capture all cases with ADHD remains uncertain. Method: We compared three groups of adults: (a) ADHD participants who met all DSM-5 criteria for ADHD ( n = 182), (b) late-onset ADHD participants who met all criteria except for later age at onset ( n = 17), and (c) non-ADHD participants who did not meet criteria for ADHD ( n = 117). We assessed patterns of symptoms, psychiatric comorbidity, functional impairment, familial transmission, quality of life, social adjustment, and intelligence. Results: Compared with non-ADHD participants, all ADHD groups had poorer quality of life and had more impaired social adjustment. Compared with each other, the ADHD groups had similar patterns of psychiatric comorbidity, functional impairment, familial transmission, and intelligence. Conclusion: When assessing adult ADHD, self-reported onsets of ADHD after 12 years of age may be warranted.

scholarly journals The Benefits of Physical Exercise on Mental Disorders and Quality of Life in Substance Use Disorders Patients. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Giménez-Meseguer ◽  
Juan Tortosa-Martínez ◽  
Juan Cortell-Tormo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Drug Dependent ◽  
Fitness Programs

Physical exercise seems to have a promising effect on numerous variables related to the recovery of drug-dependent patients. However, some contradictions are found in the literature. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis in order to identify the effect of physical exercise on mental disorders, quality of life, abstinence, and craving, and make a comparison of the effect of exercise depending on the type of program. A search for articles was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Studies were selected that measured the acute effects or long-term effect (≥2 weeks) of exercise in patients who met criteria for alcohol use disorders or substance use disorders. A total of 59 studies were included. An effect of exercise on quality of life and mental disorders was identified. Subgroup analysis revealed an effect of exercise on stress (SMD = 1.11 (CI: 0.31, 1.91); z = 2.73; p = 0.006), anxiety (SMD = 0.50 (CI: 0.16, 0.84); z = 2.88; p = 0.004) and depression (SMD = 0.63 (CI: 0.34, 0.92); z = 4.31; p < 0.0001), and an effect of exercise on the eight variables included in the SF36 test. The results also showed a trend towards a positive effect on craving (SMD = 0.89 (CI: −0.05, 1.82); z = 1.85, p = 0.06). Body–mind activities and programs based on improving physical conditions produced similar results in mental disorders and quality of life. Available evidence indicates that physical exercise, both body–mind and physical fitness programs, can be effective in improving mental disorders, craving, and quality of life in drug-dependent patients.

scholarly journals SOCIAL FUNCTIONING AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF WOMEN WITH MENTAL DISORDERS WHO COMMITTED SERIOUS OFFENCES AGAINST THE PERSON AND UNDERGOING COMPULSORY TREATMENT UNDER CONDITIONS OF INTENSIVE OBSERVATION

2019 ◽  
Vol LI (1) ◽  
pp. 84-90
Author(s):  
Rustem R Khamitov ◽  
Alla P Romanova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Substance Addiction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intensive Observation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The article analyzes the social functioning and quality of life of women with mental disorders. The relationship of demographic and premorbid factors with violent delicts were examined. The analysis of influence on the criminal behavior of the alcohol abuse and psychoactive substance addiction was carried out, as well as neglect, lack of housing and antisocial environment.

Smoking and quality of life among elderly survivors of non-smoking related cancers in a prospective cohort study

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9600-9600
Author(s):  
S. Jang ◽  
A. Prizment ◽  
D. Lazovich
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
General Health ◽  
Sf 36

9600 Background: Although the effect of smoking on quality of life (QOL) has been examined among survivors of lung or head and neck cancers, little is known about how smoking affects QOL among elderly survivors of non-smoking related cancers. Methods: The Iowa Women's Health Study (IWHS), a prospective cohort study initiated in 1986, collected self-reported QOL using the SF-36 in 2004. Cancer diagnosis and treatment among cohort participants were obtained from Iowa's cancer registry. Behavioral and health characteristics, including smoking status, were collected from periodic follow-up questionnaires between 1986 and 2004. We included 1,920 women, aged 55 to 69 years at baseline, who developed breast, colorectal, or endometrial cancers and responded to the 2004 questionnaire. We compared age-adjusted and multivariate-adjusted mean scores for eight SF-36 scales between nonsmokers (no reported smoking in 1986 or 2004), quitters (reported smoking in 1986 but not 2004), and persistent smokers (reported smoking in 1986 and 2004). Results: Among 1,920 cancer survivors, 1,720 (89.6%) were nonsmokers, 141 (7.3%) were quitters, and 59 (3.1%) were persistent smokers. After age adjustment, quitters had lower scores for vitality, physical functioning, mental health, social functioning, and general health scales compared to nonsmokers. Persistent smokers scored worse on the physical functioning, mental health, role emotional, and social functioning scales compared to nonsmokers. Except for mental health, these differences in QOL scores were attenuated after further adjustment for physical activity. Accounting for other factors, including baseline general health perception and education, cancer type, surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and length of survival, or occurrence of hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, stroke or fracture by 2004 did not change the differences observed between survivors who had ever reported smoking versus nonsmokers. Conclusions: Quitters and persistent smokers tended to fare worse than nonsmokers on many QOL scales. In most instances, these differences were explained by lower levels of physical activity which may have been a consequence of smoking. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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