scholarly journals Gender differences and gender convergence in alcohol use over the past three decades (1984–2008), The HUNT Study, Norway

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grete Helen Bratberg ◽  
Sharon C Wilsnack ◽  
Richard Wilsnack ◽  
Siri Håvås Haugland ◽  
Steinar Krokstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hunt Study ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Convergence

A Look at Changing Parental Ideologies & Behaviors in Japan

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherylynn Bassani
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Parental Roles ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Individual Ethics

This paper discusses changes in Japanese parenting over the past two generations. Using an inductive approach to the understanding of Japanese families, 10 separate families were theoretically sampled in the Kansai area during the summer of 2000. Concepts surrounding changing parenting emerged from talks with parents. Four interrelated concepts are eminent in the interviews: the rise of individual ethics in parenting, changing parental roles, impacts of changes on children, and romanticized parenting. Key generational and gender differences are apparent across all four concepts. Concepts that emerged from these interviews reflect changes in society and the family that past research has addressed.

scholarly journals Gender Convergence in Alcohol Consumption Patterns: Findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9317
Author(s):  
Minkyung Kang ◽  
Ari Min ◽  
Haeyoung Min
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Heavy Alcohol ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Heavy Alcohol Use ◽  
Gender Convergence

Gender differences in alcohol use have narrowed over the decades. This study aimed to explore changes in alcohol consumption patterns between 2007 and 2016 to identify gender convergence in alcohol use in Korea. Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. For all respondents (41,662 girls/women and 32,041 boys/men) aged ≥12 years, lifetime drinking, current drinking, age of drinking onset, heavy alcohol use, and binge drinking were analyzed. Gender differences in heavy alcohol use and binge drinking decreased from 2007 to 2016 (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). The prevalence of heavy alcohol use and binge drinking decreased in boys/men (67.5% to 63.9%, p = 0.001; 63.4% to 60.9%, p = 0.001, respectively), but not in girls/women (50.2% to 50.4%, p = 0.279; 30.6% to 32.0%, p = 0.994, respectively). The proportion of lifetime abstainers decreased among both girls/women (24.3% to 19.1%, p < 0.001) and boys/men (12.1% to 9.7%, p = 0.01). In girls/women, the mean age of drinking onset decreased (from 24.1 to 23.6 years, p = 0.017); however, in boys/men, significant changes were not observed (from 18.9 to 18.7 years, p = 0.307). Healthcare providers should be aware of the growing health risks resulting from increased unhealthy alcohol use in women and develop gender-specific preventive interventions.

Time perspective and autobiographical memory: Individual and gender differences in experiencing time and remembering the past

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ely ◽  
Andrea Mercurio
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Big Five Inventory ◽  
Time Perspectives ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Memory Questionnaire

This study examined the degree to which time perspectives were associated with the processes and content of autobiographical memory. A sample of 230 young adults (118 women) completed the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI; Zimbardo and Boyd, 1999 ), the Big Five Inventory (BFI; John and Srivastava, 1999 ), and responded in writing to seven memory prompts as well as to items from the Autobiographical Memory Questionnaire (AMQ; Rubin et al., 2003 ). The Past Positive and Future subscales of the ZTPI predicted many aspects of memory even when controlling for BFI traits. There were gender differences in time perspectives and gender moderated a number of the correlations between time perspectives and autobiographical memory.

scholarly journals SEX AND THE BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL: SEXUAL ACTIVITY AND GENDER DISPARITY IN OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S302-S303
Author(s):  
Rebecca Reinhardt ◽  
Zaver D Moore ◽  
Alexandria Nuccio
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Gender

Abstract The biopsychosocial model emphasizes relational factors such as quality and availability as key components to older adult sexual activity (Gillespie, 2017). Supporting these findings, a previous study found that older adults aged 65 and over reported having more sex in the past six months but fewer sexual partners in the past year than younger adults. The current study seeks to further explore sexual activity by gender specifically, number of sex partners in the last year, and frequency of sex over the past six months in older adults. To better understand sexual activity and gender differences, 499 (male=59.7%, female 40.3%) participants aged 65 to 93 were selected from the de-identified Survey of Midlife in the US database (MIDUS-3). A Weltch T-test was used examining sexual activity among older adults based on gender. Results indicated that the number of sex partners within the past year was similar for females (M=1.10, SD=.49) and males (M=1.04, SD=.28), t(477)=1.62, p=.10, d^=.07. Further, results indicated sex frequency within the last six months was similar between females (M=3.41, SD=1.55) and males (M=3.66, SD=1.48), t(415)=1.76, p=.08, d^=.14. Contrary to previous research, the present findings suggest there are no gender differences in number of sex partners or sex frequency for older adults. The current findings draw attention to potential discrepancies within this under-explored subject area. While implications of these findings can improve communication regarding sexual health, future research should focus on how aspects of the biopsychosocial model can be a protective factor for the sexual health of older adults.

CROSS-CULTURAL RESPONSE STYLES ON THE KIRTON ADAPTION-INNOVATION INVENTORY

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunio Shiomi ◽  
Robert Loo
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Response Styles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
National Response ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Substantial Degree ◽  
Cross National

The Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory (KAI) has been a widely-used measure including use in cross-cultural and cross-national studies over the past 20 years. However, researchers have generally neglected the issue of cross-cultural response styles and simply accepted differences in KAI scores as indicators of real cross-cultural differences. The present study examined the KAI scores of Canadian and Japanese samples to identify any cross-national and gender differences in response styles. Overall, the results of analyses at the subscale and itemlevel suggest possible differences in cross-national response styles but not to any substantial degree. It is suggested that cross-cultural and gender differences in response styles may be diminishing, at least, in the industrialized nations. Several recommendations are presented to facilitate future study on this issue with the KAI.

Gender Differences in Attributions about Suicide and Alcohol Use

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin J. Lewis ◽  
Jeffrey Atkinson ◽  
Joanne Shovlin
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Base Rates ◽  
Male College ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Male College Students

This research examined attributions that female and male college students made about an individual who committed suicide. The gender of the victim and whether alcohol use was involved were systematically varied. Results indicated that female and male respondents see the issues involved in suicide differently. Female respondents appear to place more emphasis on contextual clues such as alcohol use and gender of the actor. In addition, both female and male respondents tended to associate alcohol use and suicide for male actors but not for female actors. These results are discussed in terms of stereotypes that may be held for females and males vis-a-vis emotional expression and alcohol use. The use of population base rates in attributions about suicide and alcohol use is also considered. Directions for future research are also presented.

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