scholarly journals A hard day’s night: time use in shift workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy L. Kolbe-Alexander ◽  
Sjaan Gomersall ◽  
Bronwyn Clark ◽  
Luciana Torquati ◽  
Toby Pavey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Shift Workers

scholarly journals Phytogenic additive Noni (Morinda citrifolia) in feed of confined lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6Supl3) ◽  
pp. 3679
Author(s):  
Luiz Juliano Valerio Geron ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Cantão Veloso ◽  
Eduardo Henrique Bevitori Kling de Moraes ◽  
Kamila Andreatta Kling de Moraes ◽  
Helen Fernanda Barros Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Ingestive Behavior ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Period Data ◽  
Significant Regression ◽  
Ingestive Behaviors

The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of different levels of 0.0%; 0.7%; 1.4% and 2.1% of Noni (Morinda citrifolia) in the feeding of lambs regarding ingestive behavior and physiological variables. The experiment was carried out in a double Latin (4x4) experimental design with eight animals, consisting of four periods and four experimental rations. Eight lambs with no defined racial pattern were used, with mean initial body weight (BW) of 23.74 ± 1.00 kg. The ingestive behavior was performed during 24 hours, always on the last day of each experimental period. The physiological variables and the environmental variables were measured during three days of each period. Data were submitted for analysis of variance and, when significant, regression equation was applied at 5% of probability. Statistical analysis was performed considering the subdivision of the plot, which consisted of the diurnal and nocturnal evaluation times for the ingestive behavior and the morning and afternoon periods for the physiological variables. The inclusion of Noni in fed lambs did not change (p > 0.05) the time spent with ingestive behaviors for dry matter intake (DMI), rumination (RUM), idleness (IDL), water intake (WIN) and other activity (OAC). However, the daytime During the period there was gr eater (p < 0.05) time use for DMI, WIN and OAC. Inclusion of Noni to diets provided higher (p > 0.05) time use during the night time for RUM and IDL. The physiological variables were not influenced (p > 0.05) by the inclusion of Noni in the diets of lambs. However, higher mean (p < 0.05) body temperature of the front and rear, rectal temperature and respiratory rate of the lambs were observed during the afternoon. The inclusion of up to 2.1% of Noni in lamb feed does not alter ingestive behavior and physiological variables. However, the consumption of dry matter and water is higher during the diurnal period, while rumination and idleness are more active during the night period.

Preparing the GREGOR solar telescope for night-time use: Deriving a pointing model

2012 ◽  
Vol 333 (9) ◽  
pp. 823-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Granzer ◽  
C. Halbgewachs ◽  
R. Volkmer ◽  
D. Soltau
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Solar Telescope ◽  
Night Time

Effect of Night Time Eating on Postprandial Triglyceride Metabolism in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxine P. Bonham ◽  
Elleni Kaias ◽  
Iona Zimberg ◽  
Gloria K. W. Leung ◽  
Rochelle Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Postprandial Lipemia ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Postprandial Triglyceride ◽  
Meal Time ◽  
The Impact

Eating at night time, as is frequent in shift workers, may contribute to increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk through a disruption in usual lipid metabolism, resulting in repeated and sustained hyperlipidemia at night. This systematic review aimed to investigate the impact of eating a meal at night compared with the same meal eaten during the day on postprandial lipemia. Six databases were searched: CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, Informit, and SCOPUS. Eligible studies were original research cross-over design with a minimum fasting period of 5 h before testing preceded by a standardized control meal; measured postprandial triacylglycerol (TAG) for 5 h or greater; had meal time between 0700 h and 1600 h for day time and between 2000 h and 0400 h for night time; and had within-study test meals (food or drink) that were identical in macronutrient composition and energy. Two authors independently completed eligibility and quality assessment using the American Dietetic Association Quality Criteria Checklist for Primary Research. After removing duplicates, 4,423 articles were screened, yielding 5 studies for qualitative synthesis. All studies identified at least one parameter of the postprandial TAG response that was different as a result of meal time (e.g., the total concentration or the time course kinetics). Two studies reported a greater total TAG concentration (area under curve) at night compared with day, and 3 studies found no difference. Four studies reported that the kinetics of the postprandial time course of TAGs was different at night compared with during the day. Inconsistent reporting in the primary studies was a limitation of the review. Night eating may negatively affect postprandial lipemia and this review shows there is a need to rigorously test this using standardized methods and analysis with larger sample sizes. This is critical for informing strategies to lower CVD risk for shift workers.

scholarly journals Processed data on the night-time use of screen-based media devices and adolescents' sleep quality and health-related quality of life

Data in Brief ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 103761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael O. Mireku ◽  
Mary M. Barker ◽  
Julian Mutz ◽  
Chen Shen ◽  
Iroise Dumontheil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Simvastatin-related myopathy in shift workers: a report of two cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saul Flores-Unzueta ◽  
Martha Sosa-Macias ◽  
Laurence A. Marchat ◽  
Ismael Lares-Assef ◽  
Omar Carrasco-Ortega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Allele ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Affected Patient ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Circadian Misalignment ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Sleep Rhythms ◽  
Circadian Behavior

Abstract Background Simvastatin is a widely used drug for dyslipidemia treatment, and the best therapeutic effects are achieved at night time. Simvastatin administration has been associated with the development of myopathy. Some polymorphisms in genes that are involved in the metabolism and transport of simvastatin seem to have an important role in the development of simvastatin-associated myopathy. The administration of 40 mg of simvastatin to 19 hyperlipidemic subjects with regular sleep rhythms (RR) and shift workers (SW) with predominant evening rhythms and sleep-wake disturbances, uncovered two SW volunteers who developed myopathy. Case presentation We report two SWs who developed simvastatin-dependent myopathy after three weeks of treatment. The SLCO1B1 521T>C major risk allele was observed in one myopathy-affected and one unaffected subjects, the second affected patient shared polymorphisms with the unaffected subjects. Conclusions The lack of consonance in the studied genotypes between SWs affected with simvastatin-associated myopathy can be related to circadian misalignment. Hence, other genes with circadian behavior and induced by simvastatin should be evaluated in future studies.

scholarly journals Lifestyle and Mental Health Disruptions During COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Giuntella ◽  
Kelly Hyde ◽  
Silvia Saccardo ◽  
Sally Sadoff
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Policy Intervention ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Steps Per Day ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Longitudinal Dataset

COVID-19 has affected daily life in unprecedented ways. Using a longitudinal dataset linking biometric and survey data from several cohorts of young adults before and during the pandemic (N=685), we document large disruptions to physical activity, sleep, time use, and mental health. At the onset of the pandemic, average steps decline from 9,400 to 4,600 steps per day, sleep increases by about 25-30 minutes per night, time spent socializing declines by over half to less than 30 minutes, and screen time more than doubles to over 5 hours per day. The proportion of participants at risk of clinical depression increases to 65%, over twice the rate in the same population prior to the pandemic. Our analyses suggest that disruption to physical activity is a leading risk factor for depression during the pandemic. However, restoration of those habits--either naturally or through policy intervention--has limited impact on restoring mental well-being.

scholarly journals Photosynthetically stimulated bioerosion in symbiotic sponges: the role of glycerol and oxygen

Coral Reefs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Achlatis ◽  
Rene M. van der Zande ◽  
Alice E. Webb ◽  
Didier M. de Bakker ◽  
Lennart J. de Nooijer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Oxygen Production ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Spatial Isolation ◽  
Host Sponge ◽  
Sufficient Oxygen

AbstractOn coral reefs, some of the most aggressive calcium carbonate eroders are dinoflagellate-hosting sponges of the genus Cliona. Like in other marine taxa, the influence of these symbiotic microorganisms on the metabolism of the host sponge, and thereby on erosion of the surrounding ecosystem, is increasingly acknowledged. Despite elevating pH (and hence carbonate saturation state), dinoflagellate photosynthesis promotes bioerosion by their hosts. This paradox might be solved by a spatial isolation of photosynthesis from carbonate dissolution, but it remains unknown which mechanism connects the dinoflagellates’ photosynthesis with the sponge’s bioerosion. Here, we simulate the outcomes of photosynthesis in two separate ways, namely as production of carbon-rich compounds (in this case glycerol) and as an increase in oxygen content. This allows testing their potential to enhance bioerosion rates of sponge holobionts that were preconditioned under variable photosynthetic regimes. We find that glycerol, a commonly shared photosynthate in marine symbioses, stimulates chemical bioerosion rates in the dark of photosynthetically impaired sponges. Chemical bioerosion was all the more limited by availability of sufficient oxygen, while the combination of added glycerol and oxygen boosted chemical bioerosion rates. We argue that under normal physiological conditions, bioerosion is promoted by both organic carbon and oxygen production, and we provide evidence for the storage of photosynthates for night-time use. We further discuss our findings in the context of the current knowledge of the bioerosion mechanism, which we expand by integrating the effects of carbon-rich compounds and oxygen as drivers for bioerosion by Cliona.

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