scholarly journals The relationship between depression risk perception and self-help behaviours in high risk Canadians: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Warner ◽  
Molly Nannarone ◽  
Rachel Smail-Crevier ◽  
Douglas Manuel ◽  
Bonnie Lashewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Depression Risk ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The relationship between depression risk perception and self-help behaviors in high risk Canadians: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Warner ◽  
Molly Nannarone ◽  
Rachel Smail-Crevier ◽  
Douglas Manuel ◽  
Bonnie Lashewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Depression Risk

Abstract Background: Effective self-help may reduce the risk of depression, and risk perception of depression may play a role in initiating self-help. However, it is currently unknown how risk perception is associated with self-help behaviours. The objectives of this study are to (1) describe the self-help strategies used by high risk Canadians in relation to the accuracy levels of their perceived depression risk, relative to sex, and (2) identify demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical factors associated with self-help behaviors.Methods: Baseline data from a randomized controlled trial including 358 men and 356 women at high risk of developing depression were used. Accuracy of risk perception was determined by comparing the participant’s self-perceived and objective risk of developing depression, which was assessed using sex-specific multivariable risk predictive algorithms. The frequency of using 14 self-help strategies was assessed. One-way ANOVA testing was used to determine whether differences in risk perception accuracy groups existed within both male and female participants. Linear regression was used to investigate the clinical and demographic factors which were associated with self-help behaviours in males and females separately.Results: Compared to accurate risk estimators, male over-estimators were less likely to “leave the house daily,” and “participate in activities they enjoy.” Male under-estimators were also less likely to “participate in activities they enjoy.” Both ‘inaccurate’ perception groups in men were more likely to ‘create lists of strategies which have worked for feelings of depression in the past and use them’. There were no significant differences between self-help behaviors and the risk perception accuracy in women. Regression modeling showed negative relationships between self-rated health and self-help scores, irrespective of sex. In women, self-help score was positively associated with age, and educational attainment, and negatively associated with perceived risk. In men, a positive relationship with unemployment was also seen. Conclusions: Sex differences exist in the factors associated with self-help. The accuracy of risk perception, work status, and self-rated health is associated with self-help behaviors in high risk men. Factors which may be related to self-help in women include age, education, self-rated health status, and perceived risk. More research is needed to replicate the findings.

scholarly journals Relationship between the non-HDLc-to-HDLc ratio and carotid plaques in a high stroke risk population: A cross-sectional study in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Zhenwen Zhang ◽  
Binlan Xia ◽  
Liping Wang ◽  
Hengzhong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carotid Plaques ◽  
Lack Of Exercise ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Evidence on the association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDLc)-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) ratio (non-HDLc/HDLc) and carotid plaques is still limited. This study aims to assess the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques in a population with a high risk of stroke.Methods: A cross-sectional study based on the community was conducted in Yangzhou, China. Residents (no younger than 40 years old) underwent questionnaire interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory testing during 2013-2014. The subjects with a high risk of stroke were further selected (at least three of eight risk factors including hypertension, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, smoking, lack of exercise, overweight, and family history of stroke) or a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke history. Carotid ultrasonography was then performed on the high stroke risk participants. Carotid plaque was defined as a focal carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) ≥1.5 cm or a discrete structure protruding into the arterial lumen at least 50% of the surrounding cIMT. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques.Results: Overall, 839 subjects with a high risk of stroke were ultimately included in the analysis, and carotid plaques were identified in 341 (40.6%) of them. Participants in the highest non-HDLc/HDLc tertile group presented a higher proportion of carotid plaques than did those in the other two groups. After adjustment for other confounders, each unit increase in the non-HDLc/HDLc was significantly associated with carotid plaques (OR 1.55, 95%CI 1.28-1.88). In the subgroup analysis, the non-HDLc/HDLc was positively and significantly associated with the presence of carotid plaques in most subgroups. Additionally, the non-HDLc/HDLc interacted significantly with three stratification variables, including sex (OR 1.31 for males vs. OR 2.37 for females, P interaction = 0.016), exercise (OR 1.18 for subjects without lack of exercise vs. OR 1.99 for subjects with lack of exercise, P interaction = 0.004) and heart diseases (OR 1.40 for subjects without heart diseases vs. OR 3.12 for subjects with heart diseases, P interaction = 0.033). Conclusion: The non-HDLc/HDLc was positively associated with the presence of carotid plaques in a Chinese high stroke risk population. A prospective study or randomized clinical trial of lipid-lowering therapy in the Chinese population is needed to evaluate their causal relationship.

scholarly journals Correlation of Ship Sanitation with Cockroach Density in Kendari Port Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
Sriwani Supardin
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Port Area ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test ◽  
The Relationship

Ship sanitation is an indicator of vessel cleanliness, vector control in 2017 no high-risk vessels were found, in 2018 there were 7 high-risk vessels and in 2019 there were 15 high-risk vessels. This study aims to determine the relationship between kitchen sanitation, food raft space and warehouse with cockroach density on ships in the Kendari port area. This type of research is an observational, Cross-Sectional Study design. The population is all ships berthed in the Kendari port area as many as 41 ships and a sample of 37 vessels taken by purposive sampling. Data analysis used fisher's exact test. The results showed that of the 37 ships, the highest density of cockroaches met the requirements (75.7%), the rest did not meet the requirements (24.3%). The kitchen sanitation met the requirements (75.7%), the rest did not meet the requirements (24.3%), then the food raft room sanitation met the requirements (83.8%) and did not meet the requirements (16.2%). Furthermore, warehouse sanitation fulfills the requirements (62.2%) and does not meet the requirements (37.8%). The results of Fisher's exact test obtained p value (0,000). The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between kitchen sanitation, food raft space and warehouse with cockroach density on ships in the Kendari port area. Suggestions for the KKP to establish policies to prevent cockroach development.

scholarly journals Perceptions of COVID–19-related Risks and Deaths Among Health Care Professionals During COVID-19 Pandemic in Pakistan: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110674
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hakim ◽  
Saima Afaq ◽  
Farhad ALi Khattak ◽  
Mohammad Jawad ◽  
Siraj Ul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unadjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Professional Duty ◽  
Social Media Platforms

COVID-19 is an established challenge to the health care professionals (HCPs) having physical, emotional, and psychological repercussions. We determine the perceptions of Pakistani HCPs regarding the risks and deaths related to COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was conducted among HCPs throughout Pakistan from 16th February 2021 to 6th March 2021 by disseminating an online Google questionnaire via all possible social media platforms including WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, and emails. Out of total of 462 HCPs, 33.55% tested COVID-19 positive and 49.43% had received their first dose of COVID-19 vaccine. The proportion of HCPs worried about contracting COVID-19 was 46.97%. A total of 69.48% mentioned that doctors are at a higher risk of dying from COVID-19 infection compared to the general population. In a dichotomous analysis done for risk perception, 72.06% of doctors reported a high-risk perception of contracting COVID-19 in hospital settings. The main reasons identified to be associated with higher mortality amongst the HCPs, specifically doctors, included comorbidities (47.26%), working in high-risk wards (24.02%) and lack of adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) (28.72%). Using univariate and multivariate regression the HCPs tested positive rated two-fold high risk while performing professional duty during COVID-19 pandemic [unadjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 2.23 (1.24–4.02), P = .007; adjusted OR (95% CI) 2.27 (1.22–4.19), P = .009]. In conclusion, Pakistani HCPs have significant COVID–19-related concerns and anxieties. The doctors perceived to be at a higher risk of dying with COVID-19, due to a variety of personal and professional reasons.

scholarly journals Practice and perception of Bangladeshi adults toward COVID-19: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Abdul Wadood ◽  
Lai Lee Lee ◽  
Md. Monimul Huq ◽  
ASMA Mamun ◽  
Suhaili Mohd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World

Abstract Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has continued to spread across the world with increasing number of confirmed cases and death. Preventive measures have still been the only way of slowing down the transmission and prevention of the deadly disease. Practice of preventive guidelines and perception about the disease is important in this regard. We aimed to study on practice to prevent and perception toward COVID-19 among Bangladeshi adults during the rapid rise of the outbreak.Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we conducted an online survey to collect data from 320 Bangladeshi adults during the period of 10-20 April, 2020 with a self-developed questionnaire. For measuring their level of practice, a general question was asked to participants, “Are you properly following the guidelines recommended by WHO to avoid COVID-19? Four type of perceptions; (i) seriousness, (ii) susceptibility, (iii) efficacy, and (iv) carry out the measures of the disease were considered for measuring risk of perception. Frequency distribution, Chi-square (χ2) test and binary logistic regression model were utilized in this study. Results: More than 71% of participants had good practice of always following the guidelines of the World Health Organization to prevent COVID-19. Logistic regression model demonstrated that people living in urban area (p<0.01), high education (p<0.01), rich (p<0.01) and joint family (p<0.01) had the most contributions to good practice. The average risk perception among participants was 3.05±0.75 (median, 3.00) (95% CI of mean: 2.96-3.13). More than 27% participants showed high risk perceptions. It was found that males (p<0.05), high educated (p<0.05), rich (p<0.01), service holders (0.05) and younger adults (p<0.05) had higher odds of high risk perception.Conclusions: The good practice of preventive guidelines and risk perception toward COVID-19 among Bangladeshi adults were satisfactory but not of the expected level. High socioeconomic status and education were significantly correlated with appropriate practice and perception during the peak time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Government should take step to increase the level of practice to avoid and perception toward COVID-19 among Bangladeshi people during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Relationship between the non-HDLc-to-HDLc ratio and carotid plaques in a high stroke risk population: A cross-sectional study in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Zhenwen Zhang ◽  
Binlan Xia ◽  
Liping Wang ◽  
Hengzhong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carotid Plaques ◽  
Lack Of Exercise ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Evidence on the association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDLc)-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) ratio (non-HDLc/HDLc) and carotid plaques is still limited. This study aims to assess the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques in a population with a high risk of stroke.Methods: A cross-sectional study based on the community was conducted in Yangzhou, China. Residents (no younger than 40 years old) underwent questionnaire interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory testing during 2013-2014. The subjects with a high risk of stroke were further selected (at least three of eight risk factors including hypertension, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, smoking, lack of exercise, overweight, and family history of stroke) or a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke history. Carotid ultrasonography was then performed on the high stroke risk participants. Carotid plaque was defined as a focal carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) ≥1.5 cm or a discrete structure protruding into the arterial lumen at least 50% of the surrounding cIMT. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques.Results: Overall, 839 subjects with a high risk of stroke were ultimately included in the analysis, and carotid plaques were identified in 341 (40.6%) of them. Participants in the highest non-HDLc/HDLc tertile group presented a higher proportion of carotid plaques than did those in the other two groups. After adjustment for other confounders, each unit increase in the non-HDLc/HDLc was significantly associated with carotid plaques (OR 1.55, 95%CI 1.28-1.88). In the subgroup analysis, the non-HDLc/HDLc was positively and significantly associated with the presence of carotid plaques in most subgroups. Additionally, the non-HDLc/HDLc interacted significantly with three stratification variables, including sex (OR 1.31 for males versus OR 2.37 for females, P interaction = 0.016), exercise (OR 1.18 for subjects without lack of exercise versus OR 1.99 for subjects with lack of exercise, P interaction = 0.004) and heart diseases (OR 1.40 for subjects without heart diseases versus OR 3.12 for subjects with heart diseases, P interaction = 0.033). Conclusion: The non-HDLc/HDLc was positively associated with the presence of carotid plaques in a Chinese high stroke risk population. A prospective study or randomized clinical trial of lipid-lowering therapy in the Chinese population is needed to evaluate their causal relationship.

scholarly journals Relationship between the non-HDLc-to-HDLc ratio and carotid plaques in a high stroke risk population: a cross-sectional study in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Zhenwen Zhang ◽  
Binlan Xia ◽  
Liping Wang ◽  
Hengzhong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Carotid Plaques ◽  
Lack Of Exercise ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Evidence on the association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDLc)-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) ratio (non-HDLc/HDLc) and carotid plaques is still limited. We aimed to assess the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques in a population with a high risk of stroke. Methods A cross-sectional study based on the community was conducted in Yangzhou, China. Residents (no younger than 40 years old) underwent questionnaire interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory testing during 2013–2014. The subjects with a high risk of stroke were further selected (at least three of eight risk factors including hypertension, atrial fibrillation, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, smoking, lack of exercise, overweight, and family history of stroke) or a transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke history. Carotid ultrasonography was then performed on the high stroke risk participants. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques. Results Overall, 839 subjects with a high risk of stroke were ultimately included in the analysis, and carotid plaques were identified in 341 (40.6%) of them. Participants in the highest non-HDLc/HDLc tertile group presented a higher proportion of carotid plaques than did those in the other two groups. After adjustment for other confounders, each unit increase in the non-HDLc/HDLc was significantly associated with carotid plaques (OR 1.55, 95%CI 1.28–1.88). In the subgroup analysis, the non-HDLc/HDLc was positively and significantly associated with the presence of carotid plaques in most subgroups. Additionally, the non-HDLc/HDLc interacted significantly with three stratification variables, including sex (OR 1.31 for males versus OR 2.37 for females, P interaction = 0.016), exercise (OR 1.18 for subjects without lack of exercise versus OR 1.99 for subjects with lack of exercise, P interaction = 0.004) and heart diseases (OR 1.40 for subjects without heart diseases versus OR 3.12 for subjects with heart diseases, P interaction = 0.033). Conclusion The non-HDLc/HDLc was positively and consistently associated with the presence of carotid plaques in a Chinese high stroke risk population.

PHYSICAL DISORDERS AFTER HYSTERECTOMY DEPEND ON MRS AND SERUM ESTRADIOL LEVELS

2016 ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Lam Huong Le
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Hysterectomy ◽  
Physical Disorders ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Estradiol Levels

Objectives: To study the relationship between serum estradiol and physical disorders after hysterectomy. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study on 151 women after total hysterectomy from 12/2008 to 11/2010 at Hue Cental Hospial. Results: Serious disorders in total hysterectomy group include: physical disorders (34.78%), maternal disorders (71.74%), sexual disorders (58.70%). There were significant differences these disorders between total hysterectomy group and hysterectomy with/without accessiory remove group, as well as menopause group. Conclusion: Serum estradiol levels was inversely correlated with physical disorders, martenal disorders, sexual disorders and other disorders. Key words: hysterectomy, serum estradiol

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