scholarly journals Disparities in influenza vaccination: Arab Americans in California

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose-Marie Jungquist ◽  
Nadia N. Abuelezam
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
The United States ◽  
Arab Americans ◽  
Arab American ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Specific Barriers

Abstract Background Influenza vaccination among minoritized groups remains below federal benchmarks in the United States (US). We used data from the 2004–2016 California Health Interview Surveys (CHIS) to characterize influenza vaccination patterns among Arab Americans in California. Methods Influenza vaccination was self-reported by Arab American adults (N = 1163) and non-Hispanic Whites (NHW, N = 166,955). Differences in influenza vaccination prevalence and odds were compared using chi-squared tests and survey-weighted logistic regression, respectively. Results Across all years, 30.3% of Arab Americans self-reported receiving an influenza vaccine (vs. 40.5% for NHW, p < 0.05). After sequential adjustment by sociodemographic, health behavior, and acculturation variables no differences in odds of self-reported influenza vaccination were observed between Arab Americans and NHW (odds ratio: 1.02, 95% confidence interval: 0.76–1.38). Male and unemployed Arab Americans had higher odds of reporting influenza vaccination than female and employed Arab Americans. Conclusions Future work should consider specific barriers to influenza vaccination in Arab American communities.

Conclusion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela E. Pennock
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Identity ◽  
First Century ◽  
Arab Americans ◽  
Arab American ◽  
Muslim Americans ◽  
Politics And Culture ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

As we approach the third decade of the twenty-first century, the United States continues to wrestle with defining its role in Middle East conflicts and fully accepting and fairly treating Arab and Muslim Americans. In this contentious and often ill-informed climate, it is crucial to appreciate the struggles, priorities, and accomplishments of Arab Americans over the past several decades, both what has set them apart and what has integrated them into the politics and culture of the United States. Arab American organizing in the environment of minority rights movements in the 1960s and 1970s fostered a heightened consciousness of and pride in Arab American identity....

scholarly journals Portrayal of Immunization in American Cinema: 1925 to 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 360-368
Author(s):  
Aurora Auwen ◽  
Mark Emmons ◽  
Walter Dehority
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Risk Behaviors ◽  
American Cinema ◽  
American Media

The American media often disseminates antivaccination messages. Cinema in particular reaches many individuals and influences attitudes regarding high-risk behaviors such as smoking and alcohol use. We hypothesized that negative cinematic portrayals of immunization have increased over the last 3 decades. Films released in the United States featuring immunization through 2016 were identified on IMDb and viewed in their entirety by 2 reviewers. Themes were recorded, and the portrayal of immunization (positive, negative, or mixed) across each decade was assessed in a logistic regression model. Cultural references attributed to films (eg, television references) were recorded from the “connection” feature on IMDb. Fifty relevant films were identified (1925-2016). Negative/mixed portrayals of immunization were more frequent after 1990 (odds ratio = 4.0, 95% confidence interval = 1.2-13.5), and films with positive immunization portrayals garnered significantly fewer cultural references than films with negative/mixed portrayals (mean = 9.2 vs 56.2, P = .048). American cinema features increasingly negative portrayals of immunization.

scholarly journals Household-acquisition of measles and illness severity in an urban community in the United States

1994 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Butler ◽  
M. E. Proctor ◽  
K. Fessler ◽  
D. J. Hopfensperger ◽  
D. M. Sosin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
The United States ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Vaccination History ◽  
Measles Vaccination

SUMMARYStudies from developing countries suggest that persons with household-acquired (HA) measles are at greater risk of severe illness than persons with community acquired (CA) infection. Reported measles cases occurring among Milwaukee residents from May 1989 to June 1990 were used to assess whether household acquisition was a risk factor for severe measles in the United States. A case was classified as HA if onset of rash occurred 7–18 days after onset of rash in another case in the same household. Hospitalization rates were similar for 128 patients with HA measles (27%) and for 1004 patients with CA measles (26%). Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between hospitalization and household-acquisition after controlling for socioeconomic status, measles vaccination history, age, race, and date of onset of rash. Patients with HA measles were no more likely to be hospitalized than patients with CA measles (odds ratio 0·9, 95% confidence interval 0·6, 1·5). HA measles cases were not more severe than CA measles cases during this urban outbreak in the United States.

Smoking Behaviors in Arab Americans: Acculturation and Health Beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roula Ghadban ◽  
Linda Haddad ◽  
Leroy R. Thacker ◽  
Kyungeh An ◽  
Robert L. Balster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Arab Americans ◽  
Arab American ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Smoking Behaviors

Introduction: Arab Americans are a growing population in the United States. In the 2011 American Community Survey, the U.S. Census Bureau reported there were close to 1.8 million Arab Americans living within the United States, a 47% increase in population size from 2000. According to the Arab American Institute, currently, that estimate has grown to approximately 3.7 million. They have high rates of smoking and low rates of smoking cessation. In this study, the researchers investigated factors influencing desire to quit smoking among Arab Americans, and their association with acculturation and health beliefs. Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive study investigating smoking behaviors and factors influencing the desire to quit smoking among adult Arab American. Data were collected to measure tobacco use, nicotine dependence, desire to quit smoking, acculturation, and health beliefs. Results: The sample ( N = 96) was 55% female, mean age of 44 years (±14.79). The desire to quit smoking was positively associated with perceived severity (p < .05) and susceptibility to cancer (p < .05), perceived benefits of quitting smoking ( p < .01); and negatively associated with smoking barriers (addiction barriers p < .05, external barriers p = .27, internal barriers p < .05), and nicotine dependence (p < .05). Being female, having a lower level of nicotine dependence, and a higher perception of cancer severity predicted higher desire to quit smoking ( p < .01). Discussion: Smoking cessation intervention studies need to target appropriate health beliefs, especially the high risk of cancer caused by smoking among Arab Americans.

scholarly journals A Journey of How The First Arab Immigrants Assimilated into American Cultures: A Sociocultural Study in Alixa Naff's Collection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Maher Mubdir Abdul Kareem ◽  
Iman Saud Dhannoon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Arab Americans ◽  
Arab American ◽  
Early American ◽  
Arab Immigrants ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Society

Immigration from one location to another in search for a better life has been an ongoing human process. The process, as a matter of fact, began before the WWI and it continues till now. It was dramatically increased during the era of the wars. Early immigrations involved unskilled and illiterate people whose common labor was peddling. Peddling vastly enabled immigrants assimilate into American multi-cultures. It is the base on which the history of Arab American is documented. The paper is aimed to discuss the concept of immigration first, investigating the three distinctive waves of Arab immigrants to the United States, focusing on early migrations and early American cultures, the act of peddling, and how Arab immigrants assimilated to the American society. The study will answer the questions: How did Alixa Naff become American? What experience did she lead? And how did she affect the society of Arab Americans? The study originally depended on Naff's Collections which is a key insight of experiences of the first wave Arab Immigrants based on oral real history interviewed by immigrants in the new country.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela E. Pennock
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Mobilization ◽  
Arab Americans ◽  
Arab American ◽  
Jewish Organization ◽  
United Auto Workers ◽  
Auto Workers

Carrying signs and banners proclaiming “Jewish People Yes, Zionism No,” in November 1973 hundreds of Arab American autoworkers and their supporters picketed an event in Detroit at which the Jewish organization B’nai B’rith was honoring United Auto Workers’ president Leonard Woodcock. Plans for the protest had been building for several weeks, emanating from demonstrations held in reaction to the war fought between Israel and several Arab nations in October 1973. The October demonstrations that took place in Dearborn, Michigan, home to the largest concentration of Arab Americans in the United States, focused on championing the Arabs’ fight along with protesting American support for Israel. In Dearborn and across the country, Arab American political mobilization on behalf of Palestine had escalated since the Arab-Israeli War of 1967, when Israel had defeated its Arab opponents and displaced hundreds of thousands of Palestinians....

scholarly journals The epidemiology of sport related concussion in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (23 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S8.3-S9
Author(s):  
Spano Matthew ◽  
Etienne Mill
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Gender Difference ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The United States ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Question Survey

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) is a rapidly growing grappling sport with a wide spectrum of participants. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of concussions among BJJ practitioners while determining potential predictive factors. A 17-question survey was distributed via email to BJJ practitioners in the United States. The survey included questions on practitioners; demographics and the development of a concussion doing BJJ. Among those with a concussion during BJJ, further information was elucidated on symptoms, return to play, and the development of a second concussion. A total of 780 survey responses were analyzed, ranging in age from 18 to 67 with females representing 11.8% of respondents. 25.2% of practitioners reported a concussion doing BJJ. Forty-three percent of females reported a concussion doing BJJ compared to 22.9% of males (X2 [1, n = 740] = 15.129, p = < 0.001). This gender difference did not exist in the prevalence of concussions before starting BJJ (X2 [1, n = 774] = 1.930, p = 0.381). Logistic regression indicated several factors predictive for developing a concussion from participating in BJJ including: having a prior concussion (odds-ratio = 1.691, p = 0.017, 95% CI 1.097, 2.606), the number of competitions in which an athlete participated (odds-ratio = 1.023, p = 0.016, 95% CI 1.004, 1.042), and female gender (odds-ratio = 1.863, p = 0.048, 95% CI 1.006, 3.450). Logistic regression indicated competing more times per year was predictive for developing a second concussion [odds-ratio = 1.038, p = 0.016). After a concussion, the median time to return to BJJ was 3 days. This included 30.8% of participants returning the day of their concussion. The present study represents the first epidemiologic research examining concussions in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu. The results underscore the need for increased education on concussions and return to play guidelines among BJJ coaches and practitioners.

scholarly journals Influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization in the United States, 2019-2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W Tenforde ◽  
H Keipp Talbot ◽  
Christopher H Trabue ◽  
Manjusha Gaglani ◽  
Tresa M McNeal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Current Season ◽  
Hospital Resources ◽  
Negative Controls

Abstract Background Influenza causes significant morbidity and mortality and stresses hospital resources during periods of increased circulation. We evaluated the effectiveness of the 2019-2020 influenza vaccine against influenza-associated hospitalizations in the United States. Methods We included adults hospitalized with acute respiratory illness at 14 hospitals and tested for influenza viruses by reserve transcription polymerase chain reaction. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated by comparing the odds of current-season influenza vaccination in test-positive influenza cases versus test-negative controls, adjusting for confounders. VE was stratified by age and major circulating influenza types along with A(H1N1)pdm09 genetic subgroups. Results 3116 participants were included, including 18% (553) influenza-positive cases. Median age was 63 years. Sixty-seven percent (2079) received vaccination. Overall adjusted VE against influenza viruses was 41% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27-52). VE against A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses was 40% (95% CI: 24-53) and 33% against B viruses (95% CI: 0-56). Of the two major A(H1N1)pdm09 subgroups (representing 90% of sequenced H1N1 viruses), VE against one group (5A+187A,189E) was 59% (95% CI: 34-75) whereas no significant VE was observed against the other group (5A+156K) [-1%, 95% CI: -61-37]. Conclusions In a primarily older population, influenza vaccination was associated with a 41% reduction in risk of hospitalized influenza illness.

scholarly journals Altitude and risk of sudden unexpected infant death in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Johnston ◽  
Xiaohan Yan ◽  
Tatiana M. Anderson ◽  
Edwin A. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Sudden Unexpected Infant Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Unexpected Infant Death

AbstractThe effect of altitude on the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has been reported previously, but with conflicting findings. We aimed to examine whether the risk of sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) varies with altitude in the United States. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)’s Cohort Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Set for births between 2005 and 2010 were examined. County of birth was used to estimate altitude. Logistic regression and Generalized Additive Model (GAM) were used, adjusting for year, mother’s race, Hispanic origin, marital status, age, education and smoking, father’s age and race, number of prenatal visits, plurality, live birth order, and infant’s sex, birthweight and gestation. There were 25,305,778 live births over the 6-year study period. The total number of deaths from SUID in this period were 23,673 (rate = 0.94/1000 live births). In the logistic regression model there was a small, but statistically significant, increased risk of SUID associated with birth at > 8000 feet compared with < 6000 feet (aOR = 1.93; 95% CI 1.00–3.71). The GAM showed a similar increased risk over 8000 feet, but this was not statistically significant. Only 9245 (0.037%) of mothers gave birth at > 8000 feet during the study period and 10 deaths (0.042%) were attributed to SUID. The number of SUID deaths at this altitude in the United States is very small (10 deaths in 6 years).

scholarly journals Time to First Cigarette and Self-Reported Health Among US Adult Smokers

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1179173X1882526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baksun Sung
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
The United States ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Reported Health

Background: Numerous studies have reported that shorter time to first cigarette (TTFC) is linked to elevated risk for smoking-related morbidity. However, little is known about the influence of early TTFC on self-reported health among current smokers. Hence, the objective of this study was to examine the association between TTFC and self-reported health among US adult smokers. Methods: Data came from the 2012-2013 National Adult Tobacco Survey (NATS). Current smokers aged 18 years and older (N = 3323) were categorized into 2 groups based on TTFC: ≤ 5 minutes (n = 1066) and >5 minutes (n = 2257). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to control selection bias. Results: After adjusting for sociodemographic and smoking behavior factors, current smokers with early TTFC had higher odds for poor health in comparison with current smokers with late TTFC in the prematching (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.31-2.08) and postmatching (AOR = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.22-2.09) samples. Conclusions: In conclusion, smokers with early TTFC were associated with increased risk of poor health in the United States. To reduce early TTFC, elaborate efforts are needed to educate people about harms of early TTFC and benefits of stopping early TTFC.

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