scholarly journals Towards a needs-based design of the physical rehabilitation workforce in South Africa: trend analysis [1990–2017] and a 5-year forecasting for the most impactful health conditions based on global burden of disease estimates

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Louw ◽  
K. Grimmer ◽  
K. Berner ◽  
T. Conradie ◽  
D. T. Bedada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
National Health ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Musculoskeletal Conditions ◽  
Respiratory Conditions ◽  
Best Fit

Abstract Background Rehabilitation can improve function in many people with chronic health conditions. It is important to consider priority conditions requiring rehabilitation, so it can be realistically positioned and costed in national health financing systems like South Africa (SA)‘s proposed National Health Insurance (NHI). This paper describes temporal trends of top-ranked conditions on years lived with disability (YLDs) rates in SA, for which physical rehabilitation can ameliorate associated disability. Methods This study is a systematic synthesis of publicly available Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 estimates. The top 11 conditions contributing most to YLDs and for which evidence-based rehabilitation interventions exist were identified. Age-standardized rates per 100,000 and YLDs counts were extracted from 1990 to 2017. Significance of changes in temporal trends was determined using Mann-Kendall trend tests. Best-fit rates of yearly changes were calculated per condition, using GBD estimates (2012–2017), and extrapolated (by imposing the best-fit regression line onto results for each subsequent predicted year) as forecasts (2018–2022). Results Trends for YLDs counts per condition year (1990–2017) and forecasted values (2018–2022) showed an overall steady increase for all conditions, except HIV and respiratory conditions. YLDs counts almost doubled from 1990 to 2017, with a 17% predicted increase from 2017 to 2022. The proportionate contribution to YLDs counts reduced over time for all conditions, except HIV. Although age-standardized YLDs rates appear relatively stable over the analyzed periods for all conditions (except HIV, respiratory conditions and type 2 diabetes), trend changes in YLDs rates over 28 years were significant for all conditions, except neonatal (p = 0.855), hearing loss (p = 0.100) and musculoskeletal conditions (p = 0.300). Significant trend decreases were apparent for 4/9 conditions, implying that another 5/9 conditions showed trend increases over 28 years. Predicted all-age prevalence in 2022 suggests relatively large increases for cardiovascular disease and heart failure, and burns, while relative decreases are predicted for fractures and dislocations, stroke, and musculoskeletal conditions. Conclusion Rehabilitation needs in SA are potentially massive and unmet, highlighting the need for innovative and context-specific rehabilitation that considers current local needs and projected changes. These findings should be considered when designing the NHI and other schemes in SA to ensure human and financial resources are deployed efficiently.

scholarly journals Physical Rehabilitation Needs in the BRICS Nations from 1990 to 2017: Cross-National Analyses Using Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4139
Author(s):  
Tiago S. Jesus ◽  
Michel D. Landry ◽  
Helen Hoenig ◽  
Yi Zeng ◽  
Sureshkumar Kamalakannan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Rehabilitation Needs ◽  
Cross National

Background: This study analyzes the current and evolving physical rehabilitation needs of BRICS nations (Brazil, Russian Federation, India, China, South Africa), a coalition of large emergent economies increasingly important for global health. Methods: Secondary, cross-national analyses of data on Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Total physical rehabilitation needs, and those stratified per major condition groups are analyzed for the year 2017 (current needs), and for every year since 1990 (evolution over time). ANOVAs are used to detect significant yearly changes. Results: Total physical rehabilitation needs have increased significantly from 1990 to 2017 in each of the BRICS nations, in every metric analyzed (YLD Counts, YLDs per 100,000 people, and percentage of YLDs relevant to physical rehabilitation; all p < 0.01). Musculoskeletal & pain conditions were leading cause of physical rehabilitation needs across the BRICS nations but to varying degrees: from 36% in South Africa to 60% in Brazil. Country-specific trends include: 25% of South African needs were from HIV-related conditions (no other BRICS nation had more than 1%); India had both absolute and relative growths of pediatric rehabilitation needs (p < 0.01); China had an exponential growth in the per-capita needs from neurological and neoplastic conditions (p < 0.01; r2 = 0.97); Brazil had a both absolute and relative growth of needs coming from musculoskeletal & pain conditions (p < 0.01); and the Russian Federation had the highest neurological rehabilitation needs per capita in 2017 (over than three times those of India, South Africa or Brazil). Conclusions: total physical rehabilitation needs have been increasing in each of the BRICS nations, both in absolute and relative values. Apart from the common growing trend, each of the BRICS nations had own patterns for the amount, typology, and evolution of their physical rehabilitation needs, which must be taken into account while planning for health and physical rehabilitation programs, policies and resources.

scholarly journals Trends in the incidence of diabetes mellitus: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 and implications for diabetes mellitus prevention

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinli Liu ◽  
Zhen-Hu Ren ◽  
Hua Qiang ◽  
Jine Wu ◽  
Mingwang Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Common Chronic Disease ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Backgroud: Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease and a severe public health issue. The incidence trends for type 1 diabetes (TIDM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have rarely been studied on a global scale. We aimed to determine the temporal and geographical trends of diabetes globally.Methods: Data on diabetes mellitus, including incidence, prevalence from 1990 to 2017 were obtained from the 2017 Global Burden of Disease study. We calculated the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) in age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of diabetes mellitus according to sex, region, and disease type.Results: The worldwide incident cases of diabetes mellitus has increased by 102.9% from 11,303,084 cases in 1990 to 22,935,630 cases in 2017 worldwide, while the ASR increased from 233.58/100,000 persons (95% UI, 218.95–249.37) to 284.56/100,000 persons (95% UI, 262.17–309.71) in this period [EAPC=0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.79–0.96]. The global ASRs of T1DM and T2DM both demonstrated significant increase during 1990-2017, with EAPCs of 0.34 (95% CI:0.30–0.39) and 0.89 (95% CI:0.80–0.97), respectively. The ASR trends also varied considerably by regions and countries. The increase in ASR was greatest in high sociodemographic index regions (EAPC=1.05, 95% CI:0.92–1.17) and lowest in low-SDI regions (EAPC=0.79, 95% CI:0.71–0.88).Conclusions: Both the number of incident cases and ASR of diabetes mellitus increased significantly during 1990-2017 worldwide, but the temporal trends varied markedly across regions and countries.

Global and regional burden of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis from 1990 to 2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019

Thorax ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. thoraxjnl-2020-216732
Author(s):  
Xiaoqian Ma ◽  
Lili Zhu ◽  
Jonathan S Kurche ◽  
Huijuan Xiao ◽  
Huaping Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

BackgroundInterstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary sarcoidosis are common respiratory diseases with a heterogeneous distribution worldwide. The global burden and temporal trends of ILD and sarcoidosis are rarely explored.MethodsUsing the classification ‘ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis’ from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 dataset, we described the age-standardised rates of incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and their average annual percentage change from 1990 to 2019 by sex, Sociodemographic Index (SDI) and region.ResultsIn 2019, the global incidence and mortality of ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis were 24.2 million and 169 833 cases, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, the global incidence, deaths and DALYs due to ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis increased by 118.6%, 166.63% and 122.87% respectively. The global incidence of ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis was higher in men and was mainly concentrated among persons aged 70‒79 of both sexes. Significant regional differences could be seen in the disease burden of ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis: since 2006, high-SDI regions had higher age-standardised incidence rates but lower age-standardised death rates compared with the low-SDI regions.ConclusionsOur study suggests the incidence, mortality and DALYs from ILD and pulmonary sarcoidosis are increasing globally. To reduce the ongoing burden of this condition, early diagnosis and treatment are vital, and more targeted and specific strategies should be established in high-burden regions. Differences in incidence and mortality across regions may reflect the influence of genetic, environmental, diagnostic, pharmacotherapeutic, and health system factors.

scholarly journals Erratum: Jesus, T.S., et al. Global Need for Physical Rehabilitation: Systematic Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 980

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9065
Author(s):  
Tiago S. Jesus ◽  
Michel D. Landry ◽  
Helen Hoenig
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Disease Study

The authors wish to add the following correction to their paper published in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health [...]

Increasing incidence of asbestosis worldwide, 1990–2017: results from the Global Burden of Disease study 2017

Thorax ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 798-800
Author(s):  
Meng Yang ◽  
Dongming Wang ◽  
Shiming Gan ◽  
Lieyang Fan ◽  
Man Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Annual Percentage Change ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Regulation Policy ◽  
Trends Over Time ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Over Time

Global incidence and temporal trends of asbestosis are rarely explored. Using the detailed information on asbestosis from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017, we described the age-standardised incidence rate (ASIR) and its average annual percentage change. A Joinpoint Regression model was applied to identify varying temporal trends over time. Although the use of asbestos has been completely banned in many countries, the ASIR of asbestosis increased globally from 1990 to 2017. Furthermore, the most pronounced increases in ASIR of asbestosis were detected in high-income North America and Australasia. These findings indicate that efforts to change the asbestos regulation policy are urgently needed.

scholarly journals State of the evidence: a survey of global disparities in clinical trials

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain J Marshall ◽  
Veline L’Esperence ◽  
Rachel Marshall ◽  
James Thomas ◽  
Anna Noel-Storr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
List Type ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Global Disease Burden

ABSTRACTIntroductionIdeally, health conditions causing the greatest global disease burden should attract increased research attention. We conducted a comprehensive global study investigating the number of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published on different health conditions, and how this compares with the global disease burden that they impose.MethodsWe use machine learning to monitor PubMed daily, and find and analyse RCT reports. We assessed RCTs investigating the leading causes of morbidity and mortality from the Global Burden of Disease study. Using regression models, we compared numbers of actual RCTs in different health conditions to numbers predicted from their global disease burden (Disability-Adjusted Life Years [DALYs]). We investigated whether RCT numbers differed for conditions disproportionately affecting countries with lower socio-economic development.ResultsWe estimate 463,000 articles describing RCTs (95% prediction interval 439,000–485,000) were published from 1990 to July 2020. RCTs recruited a median of 72 participants (interquartile range 32–195). 82% of RCTs were conducted by researchers in the top fifth of countries by socio-economic development. As DALYs increased for a particular health condition by 10%, the number of RCTs in the same year increased by 5% (3.2%–6.9%), but the association was weak (adjusted R2=0.13). Conditions disproportionately affecting countries with lower socio-economic development, including respiratory infections and tuberculosis (7 thousand RCTs below predicted) and enteric infections (10 thousand RCTs below predicted), appear relatively under-researched for their disease burden. Each 10% shift in DALYs towards countries with low and middle socio-economic development was associated with a 4% reduction in RCTs (3.7%–4.9%). These disparities have not changed substantially over time.ConclusionResearch priorities are not well optimized to reduce the global burden of disease. Most RCTs are produced by highly developed countries, and the health needs of these countries have been, on average, favoured.Key questionsWhat is already known?Prior studies have manually investigated the relationship between published research in different health conditions and the global burden of disease that they impose.However, these analyses have been mostly limited to estimates of research funding from national funders, or smaller scale analysis of older publication records.These studies have highlighted disparities in research relative to burden, but they are not sufficient to enable global targeting of research to optimise improvements in disease burden.What are the new findings?We automatically process all of PubMed, allowing us to conduct a continually updated, comprehensive analysis of published reports of RCTs, including the number of participants per RCT and the health conditions studied.We found that considerable disparities exist between the relative volume of evidence on some conditions and the global burden of disease that they impose, as calculated by the Global Burden of Disease study.Further, our analysis suggests that there exists a smaller amount of evidence for conditions that impose a comparatively large burden of disease in lower-income countries.What do the new findings imply?Looking at numbers of RCTs published, and the numbers of participants in these trials, it seems that research priorities are not optimized to reduce the global burden of disease, and that research for conditions affecting higher-income countries has, on average, been favoured.The findings from this study could help research funders to focus research investment in areas where the largest reductions in disease burden could be made.

scholarly journals Magnitude, Temporal Trends, and Inequalities in the DALYs and YLDs of Nutritional Deficiency among Older Adults in the Western Pacific Region: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2019

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4421
Author(s):  
Doris Y. P. Leung ◽  
Hui-Lin Cheng ◽  
Stefanos Tyrovolas ◽  
Angel S. K. Tang ◽  
Justina Y. W. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Nutritional Deficiency ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Western Pacific Region ◽  
The Western Pacific

The population in the Western Pacific region is aging rapidly. Nutritional deficiency is prevalent in older adults; however, information regarding nutritional deficiency in this population is scarce. Using the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) results, the age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and years of healthy life lost due to disability (YLDs) from nutritional deficiency were estimated between 1990 and 2019 for this population. Average annual percentage change (AAPC) was used to assess temporal trends, and linear mixed-effects models were used to examine socioeconomic and sex inequalities. From 1990 to 2019, the age-standardized DALYs of nutritional deficiency in this population decreased from 697.95 to 290.95 per 100,000, and their age-standardized YLDs decreased from 459.03 to 195.65 per 100,000, with the greatest declines seen in South Korea (AAPCs < −5.0). Tonga had the least decline in DALYs (AAPC = −0.8), whereas Fiji experienced an increase in YLDs (AAPC = 0.1). Being female and having a lower sociodemographic index score was significantly associated with higher age-standardized DALYs and YLDs. The magnitude and temporal trends of the nutritional deficiency burden among older adults varied across countries and sex in the region, indicating that health policies on nutritional deficiency among older adults must be crafted to local conditions.

scholarly journals Trends in the incidence of diabetes mellitus: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 and implications for diabetes mellitus prevention

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinli Liu ◽  
Zhen-Hu Ren ◽  
Hua Qiang ◽  
Jine Wu ◽  
Mingwang Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Common Chronic Disease ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Backgroud: Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease and a severe public health issue. The incidence trends for type 1 diabetes (TIDM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have rarely been studied on a global scale. We aimed to determine the temporal and geographical trends of diabetes globally.Methods: Data on diabetes mellitus, including incidence, prevalence from 1990 to 2017 were obtained from the 2017 Global Burden of Disease study. We calculated the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of diabetes mellitus according to sex, region, and disease type.Results: The worldwide incident cases of diabetes mellitus has increased by 102.9% from 11,303,084 cases in 1990 to 22,935,630 cases in 2017 worldwide, while the ASIR increased from 233.58/100,000 persons (95% UI, 218.95–249.37) to 284.56/100,000 persons (95% UI, 262.17–309.71) in this period [EAPC=0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.79–0.96]. The global ASIRs of T1DM and T2DM both demonstrated significant increase during 1990-2017, with EAPCs of 0.34 (95% CI:0.30–0.39) and 0.89 (95% CI:0.80–0.97), respectively. The ASIR trends also varied considerably by regions and countries. The increase in ASIR was greatest in high sociodemographic index regions (EAPC=1.05, 95% CI:0.92–1.17) and lowest in low-SDI regions (EAPC=0.79, 95% CI:0.71–0.88).Conclusions: Both the number of incident cases and ASIR of diabetes mellitus increased significantly during 1990-2017 worldwide, but the temporal trends varied markedly across regions and countries.

scholarly journals Trends in the incidence of diabetes mellitus: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 and implications for diabetes mellitus prevention

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinli Liu ◽  
Zhen-Hu Ren ◽  
Hua Qiang ◽  
Jine Wu ◽  
Mingwang Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Common Chronic Disease ◽  
Incidence Trends ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Backgroud: Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease and a severe public health issue. The incidence trends for type 1 diabetes (TIDM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have rarely been studied on a global scale. We aimed to determine the temporal and geographical trends of diabetes globally.Methods: Data on diabetes mellitus, including incidence, prevalence from 1990 to 2017 were obtained from the 2017 Global Burden of Disease study. We calculated the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) in age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of diabetes mellitus according to sex, region, and disease type.Results: The worldwide incident cases of diabetes mellitus has increased by 102.9% from 11,303,084 cases in 1990 to 22,935,630 cases in 2017 worldwide, while the ASR increased from 233.58/100,000 persons (95% UI, 218.95–249.37) to 284.56/100,000 persons (95% UI, 262.17–309.71) in this period [EAPC=0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI):0.79–0.96]. The global ASRs of T1DM and T2DM both demonstrated significant increase during 1990-2017, with EAPCs of 0.34 (95% CI:0.30–0.39) and 0.89 (95% CI:0.80–0.97), respectively. The ASR trends also varied considerably by regions and countries. The increase in ASR was greatest in high sociodemographic index regions (EAPC=1.05, 95% CI:0.92–1.17) and lowest in low-SDI regions (EAPC=0.79, 95% CI:0.71–0.88). Conclusions: Both the number of incident cases and ASR of diabetes mellitus increased significantly during 1990-2017 worldwide, but the temporal trends varied markedly across regions and countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document