Behavioral impact of national health campaigns on healthy lifestyle practices among young adults in Singapore: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background National health campaigns are often used to improve lifestyle behaviors in the general population. However, evidence specifically in the young adult population is scarce. Given the general deterioration of healthy lifestyle practices from adolescence to young adulthood, it is imperative to study this age group. This study aimed to investigate the behavioral impact of a national health campaign in Singapore on the lifestyle practices of young adults, and whether sex or full-time working and schooling status affected lifestyle practices. Methods A total of 594 Singaporean respondents aged 18–39 years old were interviewed via a cross-sectional study in December 2019. Lifestyle practices assessed were diet, exercise, alcohol consumption, current tobacco use, and participation in health screening programs. Other factors investigated included exposure to the national health campaign “War on Diabetes” (WoD), sex, ethnicity, and working/schooling status. Multivariable modified Breslow-Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate prevalence risk ratios (PRRs) as measures for the associations in this study, after adjusting for potential confounders. Results Exposure to the WoD campaign had a significant association with meeting dietary recommendations (PRR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.0–2.5, p = 0.037), participation in screening (PRR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.0–1.5, p = 0.028), and current tobacco use (PRR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3–0.8, p = 0.003). Males were significantly more likely to meet exercise recommendations (PRR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.5–2.7, p < 0.001), currently use tobacco (PRR = 3.9, 95% CI: 2.2–6.9, p < 0.001), and consume alcohol excessively (PRR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0–2.3, p = 0.046), as compared to females. Working young adults were significantly less likely to meet exercise recommendations (PRR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.5–0.9, p = 0.019) but significantly more likely to be current tobacco users (PRR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1–3.1, p = 0.024), as compared to those who were in school. Conclusions While this paper affirms that national health campaigns have significant beneficial associations in diet, health screenings and current tobacco use, policymakers should acknowledge that young adults are an age group with different influences that impact their healthy lifestyle habits. Specific interventions that target these subgroups may be required for better health outcomes. Future studies should evaluate other socio-environmental factors that could play a role in modifying the effect of health campaigns among young adults.

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‘Ice’ flavoured e-cigarette use among young adults

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2020-056416 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. tobaccocontrol-2020-056416

Author(s):

Adam Leventhal ◽

Hongying Dai ◽

Jessica Barrington-Trimis ◽

Steve Sussman

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Los Angeles ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cigarette Use ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

The Past ◽

Frequency Of Use ◽

Exposure Variable

Background‘Ice’ e-cigarette flavours—marketed as a combination of fruity/sweet and cooling flavours (eg, ‘blueberry ice’ or ‘melon ice’)—recently entered the US market. The prevalence and correlates of ice flavoured e-cigarette use in young adults are unknown.MethodsThis cross-sectional study of a Los Angeles, California, USA, cohort analysed data from the past 30-day e-cigarette (current) users (n=344; M (SD)=21.2 (0.4) years old) who completed web-based surveys from May–August 2020. The exposure variable was self-reported e-cigarette flavour used most often in the past month (menthol/mint, fruit/sweet or ice). Outcomes included self-reported combustible tobacco use, vaping dependence symptoms, frequency of use and device type used.ResultsAmong current e-cigarette users, 48.8% reported using ice flavours most often, 33.7% predominately used fruit/sweet and 17.4% used menthol/mint. Using primarily ice-flavour was associated with reporting more past-30-day vaping days (vs menthol/mint: b=4.4, 95% CI (1 to 7.7); vs fruit/sweet: b=3.6, 95% CI (0.8 to 6.4)) and more episodes per vaping day versus fruit/sweet users (b=2.4, 95% CI (0.5 to 4.3)). Ice-flavour users were less likely than menthol/mint users to use JUUL/cartridge-based rechargeable (OR=0.1, 95% CI (0.03 to 0.45)) and more likely than sweet/fruit users to use disposable non-cartridge (OR=3.9, 95% CI (2.1 to 7.4)) devices than refillable/rechargeable tank/pen or other devices. Ice users had greater odds of past 30-day combustible tobacco use versus menthol/mint users (OR=2.7, 95% CI (1.3 to 5.7)) and vaping dependence symptoms than versus sweet/fruit users (OR=2.6, 95% CI (1.5 to 4.4)).ConclusionYoung adult use of ice flavoured e-cigarettes may be common and positively associated with combustible tobacco use, nicotine vaping frequency and dependence and use of disposable e-cigarette devices. Further study of the prevalence, determinants and health effects of ice flavoured e-cigarette use is warranted.

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Behavioural perspective of tobacco use among youth of Vidarbha region of Maharashtra state in central part of India

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2019.v22i3.1765 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 358-364

Author(s):

Rahul Narayan Gaikwad

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Current Tobacco ◽

Youth Perspective

Objective: This study was conducted to find out the youth perspective about the use of tobacco and its ill effects. The survey was conducted at a private Engineering college of Nagpur, Maharashtra India. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study with self-administered modified Global youth tobacco survey (GYTS) questionnaire was used for data collection. Eight hundred nine college students of age group between 17 year-24years were included in this study. The questionnaire comprised of information on socio-demographic characteristics and questionnaire was used to gather data on knowledge, attitude and practices of participants about tobacco use. Data analysis was performed by using chi-square test and Statistical significance was measured at a level of 0.05. Result: Out of 806 total participants, 136 (16.8) were current tobacco consumers, significantly high prevalence of tobacco use was observed among boys 106 (13.1) than girls 30 (3.7). Moreover, a higher number of boys 106 (13.1) started smoking at young adolescent age (13- 20 years) than girls30 (3.7). Conclusion: The findings in the study suggest that tobacco use is still an important risk behavior amongst students. Tobacco use was comparatively higher amongst boys though its use is not restricted to them only. There is a need to plan to gather nationwide baseline data on the use of tobacco by young adolescents and the factors associated with initiation of tobacco habit.KeywordsGlobal youth tobacco survey (GYTS); Tobacco prevalence; Tobacco use among youth.

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Pattern and Predictors of Tobacco Use Among Undergraduates in Three Tertiary Institutions in North-Western Nigeria

International Quarterly of Community Health Education ◽

10.1177/0272684x211004949 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0272684X2110049

Author(s):

Muhammed Sani Ibrahim ◽

Kabir Sabitu ◽

Abdulhakeem Abayomi Olorukooba ◽

Nuru Suleiman Muhammad ◽

Aisha A. Abubakar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tertiary Institutions ◽

University Admission ◽

Multi Stage ◽

Current Tobacco ◽

North Western

Background Tobacco use is associated with medical, social and economic problems. There is paucity of data on tobacco use among undergraduates in northern Nigeria. This study assessed pattern and predictors of tobacco use among undergraduates in Zaria, North-western Nigeria. Method It was a cross-sectional study of undergraduates in three tertiary institutions. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 1,080 undergraduates. Data was collected using a questionnaire adapted from Global Adult Tobacco Survey and Global Youth Tobacco Survey. Bi-variate analysis was used to identify independent variables showing statistically significant association with current tobacco use. These were entered into step-wise logistic regression. Results Their median age was 24 years (range:15–47). Prevalence of current tobacco use was 27.0%. About 58.7% smoked tobacco daily and 40.0% used smokeless tobacco daily. Commonest places where tobacco was used were off campus accommodation (30.2%), social center (30.2%) and bar or club (28.1%). Predictors of tobacco use were being a male [2.64(1.82–3.84)], married [2.33(1.49–3.70)], experiencing tobacco promotional activity [1.56(1.12–2.17)], willing to use promotional objects [2.06(1.35–3.14)], using of promotional objects [2.74(1.90–3.96)], and exposure to secondhand smoke [14.10(4.16–47.81)]. Predictors of non-use of tobacco were spending two years or less awaiting university admission [0.65 (0.46–0.91)], parents currently together [0.48(0.33–0.69)], and supporting ban on tobacco [0.34 (0.23–0.48)]. Conclusion Prevalence of tobacco use and expenditure on tobacco were high. University authorities should commence programs to identify tobacco users and encourage cessation. The findings also highlight the need to establish effective tobacco surveillance system that includes students of tertiary institutions.

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Association between healthy lifestyle practices and life purpose among a highly health-literate cohort: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10905-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nobutaka Hirooka ◽

Takeru Kusano ◽

Shunsuke Kinoshita ◽

Ryutaro Aoyagi ◽

Nakamoto Hidetomo

Keyword(s):

Health Promotion ◽

National Health ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Purpose In Life ◽

Health Promotion Program ◽

Life Purpose ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lifestyle Practices ◽

Health Related

Abstract Background The national health promotion program in the twenty-first century Japan (HJ21) correlates life purpose with disease prevention, facilitating the adoption of healthy lifestyles. However, the influence of clustered healthy lifestyle practices on life purpose, within the context of this national health campaign remains uninvestigated. This study assessed the association between such practices and life purpose, in line with the HJ21. Methods We performed a nationwide cross-sectional survey on certified specialists in health management. Participants’ demographic information, lifestyle, and purpose in life were measured using a validated tool. The cohort was median-split into two groups based on their clustered health-related lifestyle score. The values for health-related lifestyle and purpose were compared between the two groups and the correlation between health-related lifestyle and purpose in life was measured. Results Data from 4820 participants were analyzed. The higher-scoring health-related lifestyle group showed a significantly higher life purpose than the lower group (35.3 vs 31.4; t = 23.6, p < 0.001). There was a significant association between the scores of clustered healthy lifestyle practices and life purpose (r = 0.401, p < 0.001). The higher-scoring health-related lifestyle group achieved a higher life purpose than the lower-scoring group. This association between healthy lifestyle practices and life purpose denotes a positive and linear relationship. Conclusions Our results suggest that individuals who have a better health-related lifestyle gain a higher sense of life purpose. In other words, a healthy lifestyle predicts a purpose in life. Our findings posit that examining the causal relationship between healthy lifestyle and purpose in life may be a more efficient approach toward health promotion.

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Association between healthy lifestyle practices and life purpose among a highly health-literate cohort: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-248447/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nobutaka Hirooka ◽

Takeru Kusano ◽

Shunsuke Kinoshita ◽

Ryutaro Aoyagi ◽

Hidetomo Nakamoto

Keyword(s):

Health Promotion ◽

National Health ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Purpose In Life ◽

Health Promotion Program ◽

Life Purpose ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lifestyle Practices ◽

Health Related ◽

Lower Group

Abstract Background The national health promotion program in 21st century in Japan (HJ21) correlates life purpose with disease prevention; facilitating the adoption of healthy lifestyles. However, the influence of clustered healthy lifestyle practices on life purpose, in the context of a national health campaign, remains uninvestigated. Hence, this study assessed the association between such practices and life purpose in line with the HJ21. Methods A nationwide cross-sectional survey was given to certified specialists in health management. Participants’ demographic information, lifestyle, and purpose in life using a validated tool were measured. The cohort was median-split into two groups based on their clustered health-related lifestyle score. Health-related lifestyle and purpose were compared between the two groups, and the correlation between health-related lifestyles and purpose in life was measured. Results Data from 4,820 participants were analyzed. The higher scoring health-related lifestyle group showed a significantly higher life purpose than the lower group (35.3 vs 31.4; t = 23.6, p < 0.001). The association between the scores of clustered healthy lifestyle practices and life purpose was significant (r = 0.401, p < 0.001). The better health-related lifestyle group achieved a higher life purpose than the lower group. This association between healthy lifestyle practices and life purpose denotes a positive and linear relationship. Conclusions The present study suggest that individuals who have a better health-related lifestyle gain a higher sense of life purpose. Healthy lifestyle predicted purpose in life. Examining causal relation between healthy lifestyle and purpose in life may provide more efficient approach for health promotion.

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Psychosocial Determinants of Tobacco Use among School Going Adolescents in Delhi, India

Journal of Addiction ◽

10.1155/2014/170941 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Varun Kumar ◽

Richa Talwar ◽

Neelam Roy ◽

Deepak Raut ◽

Saudan Singh

Keyword(s):

Psychosocial Factors ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Premature Death ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Government Schools ◽

Global Youth Tobacco Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adolescent Students ◽

Pocket Money ◽

Current Tobacco

Background.Tobacco use is one of the major preventable causes of premature death and disease in the world. Many psychosocial factors were found to influence tobacco use. Therefore the present study was designed to determine the role of psychosocial factors associated with tobacco use among school going adolescents in Delhi, India.Methods.Cross-sectional study was conducted from February 2013 to September 2013 in four government schools in South district of Delhi, India. The questionnaire contains questions adapted from GYTS (Global Youth Tobacco Survey) to find the prevalence and pattern of tobacco use among adolescents. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.Results.The prevalence of ever and current tobacco use was found in 16.4% and 13.1%. Current smoking and current tobacco chewing were found in 10.2% and 9.4% students, respectively. The risk of current tobacco use was found to be higher among males (Pvalue = 0.000) and in those who got higher pocket money (Pvalue = 0.000). Psychosocial factors like lower general self-efficacy and maladjustments with peers, teachers, and schools were also found to be significant predictors of current tobacco use.Conclusion.The study has revealed higher prevalence of ever and current tobacco use among adolescent students in Delhi, India.

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Association Between Sudarshan Kriya Yoga and Healthy Lifestyle Practices Among Working Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study from Singapore

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine ◽

10.1089/acm.2021.0035 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Robert A. Sloan ◽

Divya Kanchibhotla

Keyword(s):

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Working Adults ◽

Lifestyle Practices

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Cross-sectional study on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS) and violations of tobacco sale regulations in Myanmar: do these factors affect current tobacco use among Myanmar high school students?

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031933 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. e031933

Author(s):

Su Myat Cho ◽

Yu Mon Saw ◽

Nyi Nyi Latt ◽

Thu Nandar Saw ◽

Hein Htet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Tobacco Product ◽

Sectional Study ◽

School Students ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tobacco Advertising ◽

Current Tobacco

ObjectivesTo examine the associations of current tobacco use with tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship (TAPS), and illicit tobacco sales exposures among Myanmar high school students.DesignA quantitative, cross-sectional study.SettingSeven high schools from both urban and rural areas of four states and regions in Myanmar.ParticipantsIn total, 1174 high school students (482 males and 692 females) were interviewed using a self-administered questionnaire.Main outcome measureCurrent tobacco use of participants, defined as using any kind of smoked or smokeless tobacco product at least one occasion within the past 30 days.ResultsThe prevalence of TAPS exposure was 90.9% among high school students in Myanmar. Current tobacco use was positively associated with being over 14 years old (adjusted OR (AOR) 9.81; 95% CI 4.54 to 21.19), being male (AOR 28.06; 95% CI 13.29 to 59.25), exposure to any kind of TAPS (AOR 6.59; 95% CI 2.33 to 18.64), having seen any smoked tobacco product for sale inside or within 100 feet of the school premises (AOR 4.17; 95% CI 1.65 to 10.58), having seen the sale or gifting of any smoked tobacco product to minors (AOR 6.46; 95% CI 2.18 to 19.12) and having seen the sale or distribution of any smoked tobacco product by minors (AOR 2.42; 95% CI 1.42 to 4.10). Having ever received health education about tobacco use (AOR 0.45; 95% CI 0.27 to 0.78), or having a higher perception score of tobacco use (AOR 0.17; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.30) were negatively associated with current tobacco use.ConclusionsThere was an alarming prevalence of TAPS exposure among Myanmar high school students. TAPS exposure and violations of tobacco sale regulations were strong risk factors for current tobacco use among Myanmar high school students, while health education about tobacco products was reported as an effective protective factor. Specific smokeless tobacco sale regulations for minors are needed immediately in Myanmar.

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