scholarly journals The role of ideation on the effect of an SBC intervention on consistent bed net use among caregivers of children under 5 years in Nigeria: a multilevel mediation analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osabohien Mathew Okoh ◽  
Bolanle Olapeju ◽  
Foyeke Oyedokun-Adebagbo ◽  
Uwem Inyang ◽  
Anna McCartney-Melstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Bed Net ◽  
High Recall ◽  
Multilevel Mediation ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
Net Use ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract Background Malaria remains a significant public health challenge in Nigeria. Consistent bed net use (sleeping under a treated net every night) has been identified as a key malaria prevention behavior. This paper explores the relationship between mass media social and behavior change interventions, psychosocial factors, and consistent bed net use. Methods Data is from the endline survey of a USAID-funded social and behavior change communication campaign conducted from 2012 to 2017 across five states in Nigeria. The outcome measure was consistent bed net use, and the mediator variable was a composite measure called ideation from a set of psychosocial factors believed to influence bed net use. The independent variable was recall of malaria specific media messages. Multilevel mediation analysis explored if recall of malaria specific media messages had any effect on bed net related ideation and if this ideation had any effect on consistent net use. Results Respondents included in this study were on average aged 31 years, mostly married or cohabiting (97.5%) and female 75%. Four in 10 (39.7%) respondents were able to recall malaria specific messages. Respondents with low, moderate and high recall were 23, 32 and 80% more likely to have a higher ideational score in the emotional domain compared to those not able to recall. Respondents were more likely to have higher ideational scores in the cognitive domain if they had low (AOR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.15–1.38), moderate (AOR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.00–1.34) or high recall (AOR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.16–2.06), respectively compared to those with no recall. Similarly, respondents with low (AOR = 1.03, 95% CI .99–1.08), moderate (AOR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.08–1.23) and high (AOR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.01–1.30) recall were more likely to have a higher ideational score in the social domain compared to those with no recall. After adjusting for recall of media messages and other potential covariates, all three ideational domains also had a significant positive effect on consistent bed net use. For every unit increase in ideational score, the likelihood of reporting consistent bed net use increased by 5 to 10%. There was a significant indirect effect of recalling malaria specific messages on consistent bed net use through each of the ideational domains. Conclusion Access to a bed net is a critical first step in the process of bed net utilization. However, psychosocial factors e.g., emotional, cognitive, and social domains of ideation also play a major role in bed net use. Mass media SBC interventions could potentially influence bed net related ideation and consequently improve net use behavior. Future Social and behavior change interventions should employ approaches that improve these domains of ideation within their audiences in order to increase bed net utilization.

scholarly journals Determinants of Bed Net Use in Southeast Nigeria following Mass Distribution of LLINs: Implications for Social Behavior Change Interventions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e0139447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L. Russell ◽  
Adamu Sallau ◽  
Emmanuel Emukah ◽  
Patricia M. Graves ◽  
Gregory S. Noland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Bed Net ◽  
Net Use ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions

scholarly journals Habit Formation and Behavior Change

Psychology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Gardner ◽  
Amanda L. Rebar
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Real World ◽  
Habit Formation ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
And Behavior

Many of the most pressing societal issues—e.g., health, illness, and associated costs; climate change—are rooted in behavior. Even small changes to everyday behaviors can bring considerable benefits. Many people successfully adopt new behaviors but fail to maintain them over time. This problem has inspired interest in habit. Within psychology, habitual behaviors are defined as actions triggered automatically when people encounter situations in which they have consistently done them in the past. Repeating behavior in the same context reinforces mental associations between the context and behavior. Habit is said to have formed when exposure to the context non-consciously activates the association, which in turn elicits an urge to act, influencing behavior with minimal conscious forethought. As an initially goal-directed behavior becomes habitual, control over behavior is transferred from a reasoned, reflective processing system, which elicits behavior relatively slowly based on conscious motivation, to an impulsive system, which elicits behavior rapidly and efficiently, based on learned context-behavior associations. Habitual behaviors thus become detached from conscious motivational processes. Spurred by development of self-report habit measures, studies have modeled the relationship between behavioral repetition and the strengthening of habit, showing that habit is characterized by initially rapid growth, which decelerates until a plateau is reached. Theories propose that habit has two effects on behavior in the associated context: habit will prompt frequent performance, and will override motivational tendencies in doing so, unless self-control is particularly strong in that moment. People may therefore continue to perform a habitual action even when they lack motivation. These characteristics have generated interest in the potential for habit to support long-term adoption of new behaviors. People often fail to maintain behavior changes because they lose motivation, but if people were to form habits for new behaviors, they should in theory continue to perform them despite losing motivation. This has prompted calls for interventions to move beyond merely promoting new behaviors, toward advocating context-dependent habitual performances. Some have also argued that habit formation may be fruitful for stopping unwanted behaviors, because new, “good” habits can be directly substituted for existing “bad” habits. Realistically, habit formation is not a viable standalone behavior change technique, as it requires that people first adopt a new behavior, which through repetition will become habitual. The promotion of context-dependent repetition should complement techniques that reinforce the motivation and action control required for behavioral initiation and maintenance prior to habit forming. Real-world behavior change interventions based on these principles have been found to be acceptable and appealing, and show promise for changing behavior, though few have used long-term follow-up periods. This entry highlights leading work in the application of habit formation to behavior change interventions, drawing on the most methodologically and conceptually rigorous empirical research available. Most of the development and application of habit theory to real-world social contexts has been undertaken in health and pro-environmental domains. This entry thus focuses most heavily on these domains, but the principles outlined are thought to be applicable across behaviors and settings.

scholarly journals Different Combinations of Behavior Change Interventions and Frequencies of Interpersonal Contacts Are Associated with Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunny S Kim ◽  
Phuong Hong Nguyen ◽  
Lan Mai Tran ◽  
Silvia Alayon ◽  
Purnima Menon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Child ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Child Feeding ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Young Child Feeding ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Infant And Young Child ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Background Social and behavior change communication interventions are integral to improving dietary and care practices, but evidence on the impact of the combination and intensity of these interventions in different contexts is scarce. Objectives We examined the extent of and factors associated with intervention exposure: interpersonal communication (IPC) alone or with other interventions (i.e., mass media, community mobilization, or nutrition-sensitive agricultural activities), number of and factors associated with IPC contacts, and combinations of intervention components and number of contacts associated with infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices. Methods We used endline survey data from impact evaluations in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Vietnam (n = 1001, 1720, and 1001 mothers with children aged <2 y, respectively). Multivariable regression models were used for analyses. Results Exposure to the interventions varied in all 3 countries. On average, mothers received 8 visits in the last 6 mo in Bangladesh, 2 visits in the last 3 mo in Ethiopia, and 1 visit in the last 6 mo in Vietnam. Across countries, the factors associated with intervention exposure and number of IPC contacts differed. In Ethiopia, exposure to IPC with other interventions was associated with higher odds of achieving minimum meal frequency (OR: 1.6), minimum dietary diversity (OR: 1.8), and consumption of iron-rich foods (OR: 4.7). In Vietnam, exposure to IPC alone or with mass media was associated with higher odds of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF; OR: 2.8–3.7). Near-monthly visits were associated with 2–3 times higher odds of IYCF practices in Bangladesh and Ethiopia. In Vietnam, even 1 IPC visit was associated with 2 times higher odds of EBF. Conclusions Exposure matters for impact, but the combination of behavior change interventions and number of IPC contacts required to support IYCF behavior change are context specific. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01678716 (Bangladesh), NCT02775552 (Ethiopia), and NCT01676623 (Vietnam).

scholarly journals Behavior change techniques in mobile applications for sedentary behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 205520761878579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily E Dunn ◽  
Heather L Gainforth ◽  
Jennifer E Robertson-Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Behavior Change Techniques ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Keyword Searches

Objective Mobile applications (apps) are increasingly being utilized in health behavior change interventions. To determine the presence of underlying behavior change mechanisms, apps for physical activity have been coded for behavior change techniques (BCTs). However, apps for sedentary behavior have yet to be assessed for BCTs. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to review apps designed to decrease sedentary time and determine the presence of BCTs. Methods Systematic searches of the iTunes App and Google Play stores were completed using keyword searches. Two reviewers independently coded free ( n = 36) and paid ( n = 14) app descriptions using a taxonomy of 93 BCTs (December 2016–January 2017). A subsample ( n = 4) of free apps were trialed for one week by the reviewers and coded for the presence of BCTs (February 2017). Results In the free and paid app descriptions, only 10 of 93 BCTs were present with a mean of 2.42 BCTs (range 0–6) per app. The BCTs coded most frequently were “prompts/cues” ( n = 43), “information about health consequences” ( n = 31), and “self-monitoring of behavior” ( n = 17). For the four free apps that were trialed, three additional BCTs were coded that were not coded in the descriptions: “graded tasks,” “focus on past successes,” and “behavior substitution.” Conclusions These sedentary behavior apps have fewer BCTs compared with physical activity apps and traditional (i.e., non-app) physical activity and healthy eating interventions. The present study sheds light on the behavior change potential of sedentary behavior apps and provides practical insight about coding for BCTs in apps.

scholarly journals Insights for reducing the consumption of wildlife: the use of bear bile and gallbladder in Cambodia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Davis ◽  
Diogo Veríssimo ◽  
Brian Crudge ◽  
Thona Lim ◽  
Vichet Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Change ◽  
Consumer Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Wildlife Use ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Conservation Organizations ◽  
Bear Bile ◽  
Supply Reduction ◽  
And Behavior

1.Unsustainable wildlife use is one of the leading threats to earth’s biodiversity. Historically, efforts to address this issue have been focused on increasing enforcement and anti-poaching measures. 2.However, recognition that such supply-reduction measures may be inefficient has spurred a movement towards consumer research and behavior change. Here, we used consumer research to investigate the consumption of bear bile and gallbladder in Cambodia. 3.Our aim was to gather key consumer insights such as demographics, beliefs, and the identification of trusted individuals and communication channels, which could be used to underpin future behavior change efforts to reduce the consumption of bear bile and gallbladder. To accomplish this, we conducted 4,512 structured quantitative interviews and 132 qualitative, semi-structured interviews across Cambodia. 4.We found that although the level of bear bile and gallbladder consumption varied across the country, consumers were largely homogenous in their beliefs and influencers. This indicates that behavior change interventions grounded in these results may be effective in any of the eight areas surveyed. 5.We believe our study strategy can be adapted and followed by other conservation organizations to ensure they are capturing essential information necessary for designing effective behavior change campaigns.

scholarly journals On the Usefulness of Narratives: An Interdisciplinary Review and Theoretical Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria A Shaffer ◽  
Elizabeth S Focella ◽  
Andrew Hathaway ◽  
Laura D Scherer ◽  
Brian J Zikmund-Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Narrative Processing ◽  
Behavior Change Interventions ◽  
Narrative Intervention ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Abstract Background How can we use stories from other people to promote better health experiences, improve judgments about health, and increase the quality of medical decisions without introducing bias, systematically persuading the listeners to change their attitudes, or altering behaviors in nonoptimal ways? More practically, should narratives be used in health education, promotion, or behavior change interventions? Method In this article, we address these questions by conducting a narrative review of a diverse body of literature on narratives from several disciplines to gain a better understanding about what narratives do, including their role in communication, engagement, recall, persuasion, and health behavior change. We also review broad theories about information processing and persuasion from psychology and more specific models about narrative messaging found in the health communication and marketing literatures to provide insight into the processes by which narratives have their effect on health behavior. Results To address major gaps in our theoretical understanding about how narratives work and what effects they will have on health behavior, we propose the Narrative Immersion Model, whose goal is to identify the parameters that predict the specific impact of a particular narrative (e.g. persuade, inform, comfort, etc.) based on the type of narrative message (e.g. process, experience, or outcome narrative). Further, the Narrative Immersion Model describes the magnitude of the effect as increasing through successive layers of engagement with the narrative: interest, identification, and immersion. Finally, the Narrative Immersion Model identifies characteristics of the narrative intervention that encourage greater immersion within a given narrative. Conclusions We believe there are important communication gaps in areas areas of behavioral medicine that could be addressed with narratives; however, more work is needed in order to employ narrative messaging systematically. The Narrative Immersion Model advances our theoretical understanding about narrative processing and its subsequent effects on knowledge, attitudes, and behavior.

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