scholarly journals Effect of local somatosensory stimulus on postural sway during sit-to-stand movement in the elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Annor ◽  
Kiyoung Kwak ◽  
Huigyun Kim ◽  
Dongwook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Somatosensory Stimulus

Abstract Background Sit-to-stand (STS) is a complex movement that requires successful postural control. Aging is a normal part of human life that leads to weakness of sensory capabilities, resulting in diminished postural control. Therefore, STS movement is a challenging task for the elderly. Local tendon vibration (LTV) can be utilized to assist STS of the elderly by improving postural control. Many studies have revealed that the LTV has various physiological positive effect. However, previous studies did not consider subjects’ individual difference for properties of applied LTV. Also, there are almost no studies to assist and to improve elder’s STS movement. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the influence of lower limb LTV on postural sway during STS in the elderly, and to examine whether a specific vibration frequency can increase postural control in the elderly. Results The common characteristic differences between the elderly and younger population during STS movement were analyzed. In addition, the effect of vibration on the center of mass (COM) and the center of pressure (COP) variable responses in young adults and the elderly were investigated. As a result, the elderly exhibit larger COP sway area and higher COP mediolateral (ML) displacement than the young adults. In addition, the elderly generally have lower COM velocities in all directions compared to the young adults. It was found that COP and COM related to postural stability are affected when LTV of the 180 Hz, 190 Hz and 250 Hz is applied to the elderly. Particularly, the 190 Hz vibration induced significant reduction in COP sway area and COP ML displacement. Conclusions These results mean that the LTV contributes to stability of elders’ STS movement by reducing postural sway. Furthermore, a reduction of postural sway depends on frequency of the LTV. These findings suggest that individual response to characteristics of vibration must be considered, and imply that the LTV can be used as rehabilitation therapy to improve postural control in the elderly, and utilized in motion assistive devices to deliver apt vibration frequencies. Trial registration CRIS, KCT0005434, Registered 25 September 2020, Retrospectively registered, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/index/index.do

scholarly journals Postural Sway in Older Patients with Sagittal Imbalance and Young Adults during Local Vibratory Proprioceptive Stimulation

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Tadashi Ito ◽  
Yoshihito Sakai ◽  
Kazunori Yamazaki ◽  
Yohei Ito ◽  
Keitaro Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Sagittal Imbalance ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Proprioceptive Stimulation ◽  
Risk Of Falls

This study aimed to assess differences in somatosensory control strategies between older patients with sagittal imbalance and young adults during postural tasks. The center of pressure displacement in 27 older patients with sagittal imbalance and 27 young adults was determined upon standing blindfolded on a balance board. Vibratory stimulation at 56 to 100 Hz was applied bilaterally to the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles (GS) and lumbar multifidus to evaluate the contributions of proprioceptive signals to postural control. Data of older patients and young adults were compared using the Mann–Whitney U-test or independent sample t-tests. Compared with the young adults, the older patients were significantly more reliant on the GS (p < 0.005) for their postural control and showed a higher relative proprioceptive weighting ratio (RPW) (p = 0.038). The postural strategy adopted by the older patients depended on the level of proprioceptive stimulation applied to the GS, and the postural control strategy of the ankle correlated with RPW. Overall, this study identifies RPW as a novel measure of postural strategy in older patients with sagittal imbalance and provides an understanding of strategies used to maintain balance, which may assist in developing preventative measures to reduce the risk of falls.

The influence of dynamic visual environments on postural sway in the elderly

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
L.L. Borger ◽  
S.L. Whitney ◽  
M.S. Redfern ◽  
J.M. Furman
Keyword(s):  
Visual Information ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Visual Scene ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Young Subjects

Postural sway during stance has been found to be sensitive to moving visual scenes in young adults, children, and those with vestibular disease. The effect of visual environments on balance in elderly individuals is relatively unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare postural sway responses of healthy elderly to those of young subjects when both groups were exposed to a moving visual scene. Peak to peak, root mean squared, and mean velocity of the center of pressure were analyzed under conditions combining four moving scene amplitudes ( 2 . 5 ∘ , 5 ∘ , 7 . 5 ∘ , 10 ∘ ) and two frequencies of scene movement (0.1 Hz, 0.25 Hz). Each visual condition was tested with a fixed floor and sway referenced platform. Results showed that elderly subjects swayed more than younger subjects when experiencing a moving visual scene under all conditions. The elderly were affected more than the young by sway referencing the platform. The differences between the two age groups were greater at increased amplitudes of scene movement. These results suggest that elderly are more influenced by dynamic visual information for balance than the young, particularly when cues from the ankles are altered.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Standing Postural Control in Women under Additional Load

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Bożena Wojciechowska-Maszkowska ◽  
Dorota Borzucka
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Stability Control ◽  
Standing Posture ◽  
Additional Load ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Heavy Loads ◽  
Load Conditions

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of additional load on postural-stability control in young women. To evaluate postural control in the 34 women in this study (mean age, 20.8 years), we measured postural sway (center of pressure, COP) in a neutral stance (with eyes open) in three trials of 30 s each. Three load conditions were used in the study: 0, 14, and 30 kg. In analysis, we used three COP parameters, variability (linear), mean sway velocity (linear), and entropy (nonlinear). Results suggested that a considerable load on a young woman’s body (approximately 48% of body weight) had significant influence on stability. Specifically, heavy loads triggered random movements, increased the dynamics of postural-stability control, and required more attention to control standing posture. The results of our study indicate that inferior postural control mainly results from insufficient experience in lifting such a load.

scholarly journals The Effects of Active Self-Correction on Postural Control in Girls with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: The Role of an Additional Mental Task

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Piątek ◽  
Michał Kuczyński ◽  
Bożena Ostrowska
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Stroop Test ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Mental Task

Due to balance deficits that accompany adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), the potential interaction between activities of daily living and active self-correction movements (ASC) on postural control deserves particular attention. Our purpose was to assess the effects of ASC movements with or without a secondary mental task on postural control in twenty-five girls with AIS. It is a quasi-experimental within-subject design with repeated measures ANOVA. They were measured in four 20-s quiet standing trials on a force plate: no task, ASC, Stroop test, and both. Based on the center-of-pressure (COP) recordings, the COP parameters were computed. The ASC alone had no effect on any of the postural sway measures. Stroop test alone decreased COP speed and increased COP entropy. Performing the ASC movements and Stroop test together increased the COP speed and decreased COP entropy as compared to the baseline data. In conclusion, our results indicate that AIS did not interfere with postural control. The effects of the Stroop test accounted for good capacity of subjects with AIS to take advantage of distracting attentional resources from the posture. However, performing both tasks together exhibited some deficits in postural control, which may suggest the need for therapeutic consultation while engaging in more demanding activities.

scholarly journals Effects of orthopedic insoles on static balance of older adults wearing thick socks

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Zong-Hao Ma ◽  
Duo Wai-Chi Wong ◽  
Anson Hong-Ping Wan ◽  
Winson Chiu-Chun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Orthopedic Insoles

Background: The wearing of socks and insoles may affect the ability of the foot to detect tactile input influencing postural balance. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether (1) thick socks adversely affected the elderly postural balance and (2) orthopedic insoles could improve the elderly postural balance while wearing thick socks. Study design: Repeated-measures study design. Methods: In total, 14 healthy older adults were recruited. A monofilament test was conducted to evaluate foot plantar sensation with and without thick socks. Subjects then performed the Romberg tests under three conditions: (1) barefoot, (2) with socks only, and (3) with both socks and insoles. Postural balance was assessed by measuring the center of pressure movement during standing in each experimental condition. Results: Thick socks significantly decreased the monofilament score ( p < 0.001), suggesting reduction in ability to detect external forces. All center of pressure parameters increased significantly while wearing thick socks ( p < 0.017), implying reduction of postural stability. They then decreased significantly with the additional use of insoles ( p < 0.017). Conclusion: Previous studies have documented the changes in plantar pressure distribution with the use of orthopedic insoles. This study further suggests that such changes in contact mechanics could produce some balance-improving effects, which appears not to have been reported earlier. Clinical relevance Wearing thick socks reduces plantar pressure sensitivity and increases postural sway which may increase risk of falls. Orthopedic insoles and footwear with similar design could potentially be a cost-effective method in maintaining postural balance when wearing thick socks.

Evaluation of Postural Control in Quiet Standing Using Center of Mass Acceleration: Comparison Among the Young, the Elderly, and People With Stroke

2008 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1133-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkang Yu ◽  
Masaki Abe ◽  
Kei Masani ◽  
Noritaka Kawashima ◽  
Fumio Eto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Quiet Standing

scholarly journals Postural control among elderly women with and without osteoporosis: is there a difference?

2010 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomaz Nogueira Burke ◽  
Fabio Jorge Renovato França ◽  
Sarah Rúbia Ferreira de Meneses ◽  
Viviam Inhasz Cardoso ◽  
Rosa Maria Rodrigues Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Of Medicine

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Little is known about postural control among elderly individuals with osteoporosis and its relationship with falls. It has been suggested that elderly women with kyphosis and osteoporosis are at greater risk of falling. The aim of this study was to evaluate posture and postural control among elderly women with and without osteoporosis. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted at the Physical Therapy and Electromyography Laboratory, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo (USP). METHODS: Sixty-six elderly women were selected from the bone metabolism disorders clinic, Division of Rheumatology, USP, and were divided into two groups: osteoporosis and controls, according to their bone mineral density (BMD). Postural control was assessed using the Limits of Stability (LOS) test and the Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction and Balance (CTSIBm) and posture, using photometry. RESULTS: The elderly women with osteoporosis swayed at higher velocity on a stable surface with opened eyes (0.30 versus 0.20 degrees/second; P = 0.038). In both groups, the center of pressure (COP) was at 30% in the LOS, but with different placements: 156° in the osteoporosis group and 178° in the controls (P = 0.045). Osteoporosis patients fell more than controls did (1.0 versus 0.0; P = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS: The postural control in elderly women with osteoporosis differed from that of the controls, with higher sway velocity and maximum displacement of COP. Despite postural abnormalities such as hyperkyphosis and forward head, the COP position was posteriorized.

Influences of Arm Proprioception and Degrees of Freedom on Postural Control With Light Touch Feedback

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 595-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ely Rabin ◽  
Paul DiZio ◽  
Joel Ventura ◽  
James R. Lackner
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Tactile Feedback ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Light Touch ◽  
Postural Stabilization ◽  
And Control

Lightly touching a stable surface with one fingertip strongly stabilizes standing posture. The three main features of this phenomenon are fingertip contact forces maintained at levels too low to provide mechanical support, attenuation of postural sway relative to conditions without fingertip touch, and center of pressure (CP) lags changes in fingertip shear forces by ∼250 ms. In the experiments presented here, we tested whether accurate arm proprioception and also whether the precision fingertip contact afforded by the arm's many degrees of freedom are necessary for postural stabilization by finger contact. In our first experiment, we perturbed arm proprioception and control with biceps brachii vibration (120-Hz, 2-mm amplitude). This degraded postural control, resulting in greater postural sway amplitudes. In a second study, we immobilized the touching arm with a splint. This prevented precision fingertip contact but had no effect on postural sway amplitude. In both experiments, the correlation and latency of fingertip contact forces to postural sway were unaffected. We conclude that postural control is executed based on information about arm orientation as well as tactile feedback from light touch, although precision fingertip contact is not essential. The consistent correlation and timing of CP movement and fingertip forces across conditions in which postural sway amplitude and fingertip contact are differentially disrupted suggests posture and the fingertip are controlled in parallel with feedback from the fingertip in this task.

Center-of-Pressure Parameters Used in the Assessment of Postural Control

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riann M. Palmieri ◽  
Christopher D. Ingersoll ◽  
Marcus B. Stone ◽  
B. Andrew Krause
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Postural Control System ◽  
Type Data

Objective:To define the numerous center-of-pressure derivatives used in the assessment of postural control and discuss what value each might provide in the assessment of balance.Data Sources:MEDLINE and SPORTDiscus were searched with the termsbalance, postural control, postural sway,andcenter of pressure. The remaining citations were collected from references of similar papers. A total of 67 references were studied.Conclusions:Understanding what is represented by each parameter used to assess postural control is crucial. At the present time the literature has failed to demonstrate how the variables reflect changes made by the postural-control system. Until it can be shown that the center of pressure and its derivatives actually reveal changes in the postural-control system, the value of using these measures to assess deficits in postural control is minimized.

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