scholarly journals Current status of periodontitis and its association with tobacco use amongst adult population of Sunsari district, in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Goel ◽  
S. Sharma ◽  
D. D. Baral ◽  
S. K. Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract Background Tobacco products are considered significant, but preventable factors related to initiation and progression of periodontal diseases. We assessed the prevalence of periodontitis and evaluated its association with tobacco use and other factors amongst the adult population of Sunsari district in eastern Nepal. Methods A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in rural municipalities in the province one of eastern Nepal. A total of 440 adults were interviewed with a set of a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Data on social demographics, adverse oral habits followed by periodontal clinical examination were recorded. Prevalence of periodontitis was assessed by a case definition provided by CDC-AAP. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to measure the association between tobacco use and other factors with periodontitis. Results The overall prevalence of periodontitis was found to be 71.6%. Majority (85.4%) of tobacco users had periodontitis and they were significantly associated with the disease and its severity. The study identified age groups, 45–65 years (AOR = 7.58, 95% CI 3.93–14.61), plaque accumulation (AOR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.00–1.02), smoking (AOR = 3.14, 95% CI 1.36–7.27), khaini users (smokeless tobacco, AOR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.12–4.61) and teeth loss (AOR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.21–3.38) as the significant factors associated with periodontitis. Conclusion The prevalence of periodontitis is high in the surveyed rural adult population. Cigarette smoking along with the use of smokeless tobacco in the form of khaini were identified as significant factors associated with periodontitis.

scholarly journals Current status of periodontitis and its association with tobacco use amongst adult population of Sunsari district, in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushboo Goel ◽  
Shivalal Sharma ◽  
Dharnidhar Baral ◽  
Santosh Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract Background: Tobacco products are considered significant, but preventable factors related to initiation and progression of periodontal diseases. We assessed the prevalence of periodontitis and evaluated its association with tobacco use and other factors amongst the adult population of Sunsari district in eastern Nepal.Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in rural municipalities in the province one of eastern Nepal. A total of 440 adults were interviewed with a set of a standardized pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Data on social demographics, adverse oral habits followed by periodontal clinical examination were recorded. Prevalence of periodontitis was assessed by a case definition provided by CDC-AAP. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to measure the association between tobacco use and other factors with periodontitis.Results: The overall prevalence of periodontitis was found to be 71.6%. Majority (85.4%) of tobacco users had periodontitis and they were significantly associated with the disease and its severity. The study identified age groups, 45-65 years (AOR=7.58, 95% CI, 3.93-14.61), plaque accumulation (AOR=1.01, 95% CI, 1.00- 1.02), smoking (AOR=3.14, 95% CI, 1.36- 7.27), khaini users (smokeless tobacco, AOR=2.27, 95% CI, 1.12-4.61) and teeth loss (AOR=2.02, 95% CI, 1.21-3.38) as the significant factors associated with periodontitis. Conclusion: The prevalence of periodontitis is high in the surveyed rural adult population. Cigarette smoking along with the use of smokeless tobacco in the form of khaini were identified as significant factors associated with periodontitis.

scholarly journals Current status of periodontitis and its association with tobacco use among adult population of Sunsari district, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushboo Goel ◽  
Shivalal Sharma ◽  
Dharnidhar Baral ◽  
Santosh Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract Background: Tobacco products are considered significant but preventable factors related to initiation and progression of periodontal diseases. We assessed the prevalence of periodontitis and evaluated its association with tobacco use and other factors among the adult population of eastern Nepal.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural municipalities in the province one of eastern Nepal. A total of 440 individuals were interviewed with a set of a standardized pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Data on social demographics, adverse oral habits followed by periodontal clinical examination were recorded. Prevalence of periodontitis was assessed by a case definition given by CDC-AAP. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to measure the association between tobacco use and other factors with periodontitis.Results: The overall prevalence of periodontitis was found to be 71.6%. Majority (85.4%) of tobacco users had periodontitis and they were significantly associated with the disease and its severity. The study identified age groups, 45 – 65 years (AOR=7.58, 95% CI, 3.93-14.61), plaque index (AOR=1.01, 95% CI, 1.00-1.02), smoking (AOR=3.14, 95% CI, 1.36-7.27), khaini users (smokeless tobacco, AOR=2.27, 95% CI, 1.12-4.61) and teeth loss (AOR=2.02, 95% CI, 1.21-3.38) as the significant factors associated with periodontitis.Conclusion: The prevalence of periodontitis is high in the surveyed rural adult population. Along with age, plaque, teeth loss and smoking, smokeless tobacco in the form of khaini are identified as significant factors contributing to periodontitis.

scholarly journals Current status of periodontitis and its association with tobacco use among adult population of Sunsari district, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushboo Goel ◽  
Shivalal Sharma ◽  
Dharnidhar Baral ◽  
Santosh Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Abstract Background: Tobacco products are considered significant but preventable factors related to initiation and progression of periodontal diseases. We assessed the prevalence of periodontitis and evaluated its association with tobacco use and other factors among the adult population of eastern Nepal.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural municipalities in the province one of eastern Nepal. A total of 440 individuals were interviewed with a set of a standardized pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Data on social demographics, adverse oral habits followed by periodontal clinical examination were recorded. Prevalence of periodontitis was assessed by a case definition given by CDC-AAP. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to measure the association between tobacco use and other factors with periodontitis.Results: The overall prevalence of periodontitis was found to be 71.6%. Majority (85.4%) of tobacco users had periodontitis and they were significantly associated with the disease and its severity. The study identified age groups, 45-65 years (AOR=7.585, 95% CI, 3.938-14.610), plaque index (AOR=1.017, 95% CI, 1.005- 1.029), smoking (AOR=3.149, 95% CI, 1.364- 7.270), khaini users (smokeless tobacco, AOR=2.275, 95% CI, 1.122-4.613) and teeth loss (AOR=2.025, 95% CI, 1.211-3.387) as the significant factors associated with periodontitis. Conclusion: Almost three-quarters of the adult population had some form of periodontitis. Oral hygiene awareness programs, educational efforts and tobacco cessation policies targeted to limit the modifiable factors should be considered immediately at the community level.

Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviour of Tobacco Chewers Towards Oral Health Visiting Dental Institution in Dhule City, Maharashtra

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
A Bhatsange ◽  
EP Meshram ◽  
Karibasappa LNU ◽  
A Waghamare ◽  
S Lalitha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Tests

ABSTRACT Objective Tobacco use is a growing global public health problem. The adverse effects of tobacco use on health are well known. Smokeless tobacco is found to be as addictive and harmful as smoking. The objective of study was to assess tobacco use, awareness and attitudes towards tobacco and its control in adult population visiting dental institution for various dental problems in Dhule city. Material and methods A cross-sectional questionnaire based study was conducted among outpatients of dental institution in Dhule city. Data regarding the knowledge, form of tobacco used, frequency, duration and attitude towards stopping its consumption were collected. Statistical analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests with Yates correction using Statistical software package(SPSS) version 19. Results Out of 100 tobacco chewers, 83% were males and 17% were females. Forty five percent of tobacco users thought that tobacco affects aesthetically and functionally. Chi-square tests were applied to analyse categorical data. There was statistically no significant (p<0.05) association between age groups and gender, with respect to knowledge and attitude of tobacco consumption. Conclusion Despite being aware about risk of having multiple oral health problems, a major proportion of respondents were using smokeless tobacco. However study participants were reluctant to quit the tobacco habit in spite of knowledge and awareness towards its adverse effects on oral and general health.

scholarly journals Prevalence of suicidal ideation and associated factors among HIV positive perinatal women on follow-up at Gondar town health institutions, Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leul Belachew Zewdu ◽  
Mebratu Mitiku Reta ◽  
Niguse Yigzaw ◽  
Koku Sisay Tamirat
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Gondar Town ◽  
Perinatal Women ◽  
Significant Factors

Abstract Background Suicidal behaviors cover a range or continuum of acts from suicidal ideations to a series of actions, commonly known as suicidal attempts or deliberate self-harms. Though different mental disorders related studies were conducted among HIV/AIDS patients, there is a scarcity of information about the magnitude and determinants of suicidal thoughts among perinatal women. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation and associated factors among HIV positive perinatal women in the study setting. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among perinatal women on treatment to the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV/AIDS at Gondar town health facilities. A total of 422 HIV-positive perinatal women were selected systematically and the data collected through medical record review and interview using a Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) toolkit. A binary and multivariable logistic regression model was employed to identify factors associated with suicidal ideation. An Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) was computed to see the strength of association between outcome and independent variables. Characteristics having less than 0.05 p-value had been taken as significant factors associated with the outcome of interest. Result The prevalence of suicidal ideation was found to be 8.2% (95% CI; 5.7 to 11.3) and with a standard error of 0.013. Perinatal depression (AOR=4.40, 95%CI: 1.63 11.85), not disclosed HIV status (AOR=3.73, 95%CI: 1.44 9.65), and unplanned pregnancy (AOR=2.75, 95%CI: 1.21 6.21) were significant factors associated with suicidal ideation. Conclusion The magnitude of suicidal ideation among HIV positive perinatal women was found to be low. Perinatal depression, non-disclosed HIV status, and unplanned pregnancy were factors significantly associated with suicidal ideation. This finding suggests the integration of mental health services with maternal and HIV support programs.

SMOKELESS TOBACCO USE AND ASSOCIATED SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AMONG ADULTS IN AN URBAN RESETTLEMENT COLONY OF DELHI

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Varun Singh ◽  
Mongjam Meghachandra Singh ◽  
Reeta Devi ◽  
Suneela Garg ◽  
Bratati Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Government Employees ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
North East ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
One Year ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Smokeless tobacco (SLT) consumption poses serious health problems and is considered to be a signicant risk factor for oral, esophageal and pancreatic cancers. Estimation of the magnitude of consumption of SLT would be useful in planning for tobacco control activities in the community. Objectives: The study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of smokeless tobacco (SLT) use among adult population and to identify the socioeconomic factors associated with the SLT use among them. Methods: This was a community based cross-sectional study conducted in an urban resettlement colony of North East Delhi among adult population (>18 years age). A pre-tested interview schedule adapted from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey India (GATS India) was used for data collection. Data was analyzed using SPPS version 25. Results: A total of 440 study participants were enrolled for the study. The overall prevalence of SLT use was 24.5% (95 % CI: 20.6 - 28.8), higher in males (28.7%)(OR 1.75) as compared to females (18.7%), more in graduate or above educated (34.6%)(OR 2.02), and among government employees (48.6%)(OR 4.2)(p<0.05). The prevalence of common forms of SLT consumed were: pan masala with tobacco (15%), gutka (12.3%), zarda (10.5%), khaini (9.3%), and gul (5.2%). The most common reason for initiation of SLT use among the users was found to be seeking enjoyment 46(42.6%). Only 35 (37.6%) current SLT users planned to quit SLT in next one year of the survey. Conclusion: Nearly one fourth of the study subjects used SLT and more among males, education level graduate and above, and Government employees. This highlights the need to plan behavior change communication strategies and counsel them for reduction or cessation of SLT use

scholarly journals Factors Associated With Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam ◽  
Masudus Salehin ◽  
Sojib Bin Zaman ◽  
Tania Tansi ◽  
Rajat Das Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Factors Associated

Diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are a major public health burden in low-and-middle-income countries. This study aimed to explore factors associated with CKD in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 315 adults with T2D presenting at the outpatient department of Bangladesh Institute of Health Sciences (BIHS) hospital between July 2013 to December 2013. CKD was diagnosed based on estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate using the &lsquo;Modification of Diet in Renal Disease&rsquo; equations and presence of albuminuria estimated by the albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with CKD. The overall prevalence of CKD among patients with T2D was 21.3%. In the unadjusted model Factors associated with CKD were: aged 40-49 years (OR: 5.7, 95% CI: 1.3-25.4), age 50-59 years (7.0, 1.6-39), age &ge;60 years (7.6, 1.7-34); being female (2.2, 1.2-3.8), hypertensive (1.9, 1.1-3.5) and household income between 128.2-256.4 US$ (2.9, 1.0-8.2) compared with income &le;128.2$. However, after adjustment of other covariates, only duration of hypertension and household income (128.2-256.4 US$) remained statistically significant. There is a need to implement policies and programs for early detection and management of hypertension and CKD in T2D patients in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Oral Hygiene and Tobacco Use Practices in Rural Villages of Jhapa District, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Bishal Babu Basnet ◽  
Khem Raj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Dental Floss ◽  
Rural Villages

Background: Smoking and use of smokeless tobacco affect oral as well as general health. People are reluctant to achieve good oral health in lieu of the avoidance of deleterious habits. The objective of this study was to analyze two contrasting health behaviors; the oral hygiene practices against tobacco use in a sample from eastern Terai.Methods: This is questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey carried out in Jhapa district located in eastern Nepal. In this report, practice of toothbrushing, use of fluoridated toothpaste, frequency of using tobacco related products (paan, gutkha, chilim, cigarette, bidi, hukkah) was assessed. Association of health behavior to sociodemographic variables were tested with regression analysis at 95% confidence limits.Results: A total of 1178 respondents (response rate = 96.8%) completed the interview, among them 80.8% were males. Mean age was 52.21 years (SD = 15.943). Overall 72.6% used fluoridated toothpaste and toothbrush for cleaning teeth, 58.8% consumed tobacco related products. Interdental aids utilization was very less (1.2% using dental floss). Age was significantly related to both toothbrushing and tobacco-consuming. Educational status was related significantly to toothbrushing (p<0.05). Other sociodemographic variables (marital status, ethnicity, educational status) were not related to consumption of deleterious products (p>0.05).Conclusions: Our results showed that consumption of tobacco related products is moderately high in Terai village and oral health practice was found to be influenced by educational status. More such studies to identify status of oral health and impact of tobacco are recommended.Keywords: Oral health; smokeless tobacco; smoking; tobacco

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in a high-altitude setting in Peru: adult population-based cross-sectional study

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12149
Author(s):  
Charles Huamaní ◽  
Lucio Velásquez ◽  
Sonia Montes ◽  
Ana Mayanga-Herrera ◽  
Antonio Bernabé-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
San Sebastian ◽  
Population Based Survey

Background There are several ecological studies, but few studies of the prevalence of SARS-COV-2 at high altitude. We aimed to estimate the population-based seroprevalence of SARS-COV-2 in three settings of Cusco at the end of the first wave among adults. Methods A population-based survey was conducted in September 2020, in three settings in the region of Cusco: (1) Cusco city at 3,300 meters above the sea level (m.a.s.l.), (2) the periphery of Cusco (Santiago, San Jerónimo, San Sebastián, and Wanchaq) at 3,300 m.a.s.l., and (3) Quillabamba city, located at 1,050 m.a.s.l. People aged ≥ 18 years within a family unit were included. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection was based on identifying anti- SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies (IgM and IgG) in serum using the Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 chemiluminescence test. Results We enrolled 1924 participants from 712 families. Of the total, 637 participants were anti-SARS-CoV-2 seropositive. Seroprevalence was 38.8% (95% CI [33.4%–44.9%]) in Cusco city, 34.9% (95% CI [30.4%–40.1%]) in the periphery of Cusco, and 20.3% (95% CI [16.2%–25.6%]) in Quillabamba. In 141 families (19.8%; 95% CI [17.0%–22.8%]) the whole members were positive to the test. Living with more than three persons in the same house, a positive COVID-19 case at home, and a member who died in the last five months were factors associated with SARS-COV-2 seropositivity. Dysgeusia/dysosmia was the symptom most associated with seropositivity (aPR = 2.74, 95% CI [2.41–3.12]); whereas always wearing a face shield (aPR = 0. 73; 95% CI [0.60–0.89]) or a facial mask (aPR = 0.76, 95% CI [0.63–0. 92) reduced that probability. Conclusions A great proportion of Cusco’s city inhabitants presented anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at the end of the first wave, with significant differences between settings. Wearing masks and face shields were associated with lower rate of seropositivity; however, efforts must be made to sustain them over time since there is still a high proportion of susceptible people.

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