A data process of human knee joint kinematics obtained by motion-capture measurement

Abstract Background The motion capture has been used as the usual method for measuring movement parameters of human, and most of the measuring data are obtained by partial manual process based on commercial software. An automatic kinematics data process was developed by programming on MATLAB software in this paper. Methods The motion capture measurement of healthy volunteers was carried out and the MATLAB program was used for data process. Firstly, the coordinate data of markers and anatomical points on human lower limb measured by motion capture system were read and repaired through the usual and the patch program. Meantime, the local coordinate systems of human femur and tibia were established with anatomical points. Then flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation of human knee tibiofemoral joint were obtained by special coordinate transformation program. Results Using the above methods, motion capture measurements and batch data processing were carried out on squatting and climbing stairs of 29 healthy volunteers. And the motion characteristics (flexion/extension, internal/external rotation and adduction/abduction) of the knee joint were obtained. For example, the maximum internal/external rotation in squatting and climbing stairs were respectively was 30.5 degrees and 14 degrees, etc. Meantime, the results of this paper also were respectively compared with the results processed by other research methods, and the results were basically consistent, thus the reliability of our research method was verified. After calibration processing, the compiled MATLAB program of this paper can directly be used for efficient batch processing and avoiding manual modeling one by one. Conclusion A novel Patch Program of this paper has been developed, which can make reasonable compensation for missing and noise signals to obtain more complete motion data. At the same time, a universal data processing program has also been developed for obtaining the relative movement of various components of the human body, and the program can be modified for detail special analysis. These motion capture technologies can be used to judge whether the human body functions are abnormal, provide a reference for rehabilitation treatment and design of rehabilitation equipment, and evaluate the effectiveness before and after surgery.

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A Data Process of Human Knee Joint Kinematics Obtained by Motion-Capture Measurement

10.21203/rs.3.rs-49920/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jian-ping Wang ◽

Shi-hua Wang ◽

Xuan Zhao ◽

Hai Hu ◽

Yan-qing Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Motion Capture ◽

Lower Limb ◽

External Rotation ◽

Human Knee ◽

Data Process ◽

Human Knee Joint ◽

Maximum Angle ◽

Coordinate Data ◽

Climbing Stairs

Abstract Background: The motion capture has been used as the usual method for measuring movement parameters of human, and most of the measuring data are obtained by partial manual process based on commercial software. A data process was developed for kinematics data obtain by programming on MATLAB software in this paper. Methods: The coordinate data of markers on human lower limb measured by motion capture system were firstly read and repaired through the program. Then the coordinate data of anatomical points in the movement of human lower limb were obtained by program processing. The local coordinate systems of human femur and tibia were established with anatomical points. After that the flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation of human knee tibiofemoral joint in the movement of lower limb were obtained by coordinate transformation. Lastly, the motion capture and measurement of healthy volunteers were carried out and the MATLAB program was used for data process. Results: Using the above methods, motion capture measurements and batch data processing were carried out on squatting and climbing stairs of 29 healthy volunteers to obtain the motion characteristics of the knee joint. As followed, the maximum angle of internal and external rotation in squatting was 30.5 degrees, and the maximum angle of internal and external rotation in climbing stairs was 14 degrees, etc. The results of this paper also were respectively compared with the results processed by other research methods, and the results were basically consistent, thus the reliability of our research method was verified. Conclusion: The kinematics data of human knee joint could be processed accurately and effectively with the method programmed in MATLAB software, and the kinematics characteristics of human knee tibiofemoral joint were obtained. The processing method provided a reference for the designing and optimization of knee prosthesis, and the program can be modified for different purposes. At the same time, it is helpful to study knee joint movement of patients after total knee arthroplasty.

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A data process of human knee joint kinematics obtained by motion-capture measurement

10.21203/rs.3.rs-49920/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jian-ping Wang ◽

Shi-hua Wang ◽

Yan-qing Wang ◽

Hai Hu ◽

Jin-wei Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Motion Capture ◽

Lower Limb ◽

External Rotation ◽

Human Knee ◽

Data Process ◽

Human Knee Joint ◽

Maximum Angle ◽

Coordinate Data ◽

Climbing Stairs

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A Processing Method for Kinematics Data of Human Knee Joint Obtained by Motion-Capture Measurement

10.21203/rs.3.rs-37194/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jian-ping Wang ◽

Shi-hua Wang ◽

Xuan Zhao ◽

Hai Hu ◽

Yan-qing Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Motion Capture ◽

Lower Limb ◽

External Rotation ◽

Processing Method ◽

Human Knee ◽

Human Knee Joint ◽

Maximum Range ◽

Coordinate Data

Abstract Background: The data obtained by motion capture method is many and complex, so it is the key to find an efficient method to process the data. Therefore, to develop a processing method for kinematics data of human knee joint by programming on MATLAB sofware. Methods: The coordinate data of markers on human lower limb measured by motion capture system were firstly read and repaired through the program. Then the coordinate data of anatomical points in the movement of human lower limb were obtained by program processing. The local coordinate systems of human femur and tibia were established with anatomical points. After that the flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation of human knee tibiofemoral joint in the movement of lower limb were obtained by coordinate transformation. Lastly, the motion capture and measurement of healthy volunteers were carried out and the MATLAB program was used for data processing.Results: Using the above methods, motion capture measurements and batch data processing were carried out on squatting and ascending stairs of 29 healthy volunteers to obtain the motion characteristics of the knee joint. As follows, the maximum range of internal and external rotation in squatting is 30.5 degrees, and the maximum range of internal and external rotation in climbing stairs is 16.5 degrees, etc., respectively compared with the results processed by other research methods, it is found that their movement results are basically consistent, thus verifying the reliability of our research method.Conclusion: The kinematics data of human knee joint could be processed accurately and effectively with the method by using MATLAB software, and the kinematics characteristics of human knee tibiofemoral joint were obtained. The processing method provides a reference for the designing and optimization of knee prosthesis, and the program can be modified for different purposes. At the same time, it is helpful to study knee joint movement of patients after total knee arthroplasty. Keywords: Knee joint, Motion capture measurement, MATLAB, Kinematics

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A processing method for kinematics data of human knee joint obtained by motion-capture measurement

10.21203/rs.3.rs-35434/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jian-Ping Wang ◽

Shi-hua Wang ◽

Xuan Zhao ◽

Hai Hu ◽

Yan-qing Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Motion Capture ◽

Lower Limb ◽

External Rotation ◽

Processing Method ◽

Human Knee ◽

Human Knee Joint ◽

Maximum Range ◽

Coordinate Data

Abstract Background: The data obtained by motion capture method is many and complex, so it is the key to find an efficient method to process the data. Therefore，to develop a processing method for kinematics data of human knee joint by programming on MATLAB software. Methods: The coordinate data of markers on human lower limb measured by motion capture system were firstly read and repaired through the program. Then the coordinate data of anatomical points in the movement of human lower limb were obtained by program processing. The local coordinate systems of human femur and tibia were established with anatomical points. After that the flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and internal/external rotation of human knee tibiofemoral joint in the movement of lower limb were obtained by coordinate transformation. Lastly, the motion capture and measurement of healthy volunteers were carried out and the MATLAB program was used for data processing. Results: Using the above methods, motion capture measurements and batch data processing were carried out on squatting and ascending stairs of 29 healthy volunteers to obtain the motion characteristics of the knee joint. As follows, the maximum range of internal and external rotation in squatting is 30.5 degrees, and the maximum range of internal and external rotation in climbing stairs is 16.5 degrees, etc., respectively compared with the results processed by other research methods, it is found that their movement results are basically consistent, thus verifying the reliability of our research method. Conclusion: The kinematics data of human knee joint could be processed accurately and effectively with the method by using MATLAB software, and the kinematics characteristics of human knee tibiofemoral joint were obtained. The processing method provides a reference for the designing and optimization of knee prosthesis, and the program can be modified for different purposes. At the same time, it is helpful to study knee joint movement of patients after total knee arthroplasty.

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A New Load Application System for In Vitro Study of Ligamentous Injuries to the Human Knee Joint

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.2794195 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 117 (4) ◽

pp. 373-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

J. M. Bach ◽

M. L. Hull

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Degree Of Freedom ◽

Load Application ◽

Accuracy Evaluation ◽

Application System ◽

Human Knee ◽

Human Knee Joint ◽

Flexion Extension ◽

External Loads

This paper describes the design and accuracy evaluation of a new six degree of freedom load application system for in vitro testing of the human knee joint. External loads of both polarity in all six degrees of freedom can be applied either individually or in any combination while the knee is permitted to move unconstrained in response to applied loads. The flexion/extension degree of freedom permits the full physiological range of motion. In addition to external loads, forces of the three major muscle groups (quadriceps, hamstrings, gastrocnemius) crossing the joint can be developed. Full automation and rapid convergence of loads to programmed values are achieved through a computer which feeds command signals to servo controller/electro-pneumatic servo valves. The servo valves regulate pressure to pneumatic actuators which develop the various loads. Experiments undertaken to quantify the accuracy of both load and displacement measurements reveal that errors particularly in load measurement are effectively controlled through the apparatus design.

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Estimation of 3D Knee Joint Angles during Cycling Using Inertial Sensors: Accuracy of a Novel Sensor-to-Segment Calibration Procedure Based on Pedaling Motion

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19112474 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (11) ◽

pp. 2474 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sébastien Cordillet ◽

Nicolas Bideau ◽

Benoit Bideau ◽

Guillaume Nicolas

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Inertial Sensor ◽

External Rotation ◽

Calibration Method ◽

Calibration Procedure ◽

Angle Measurement ◽

Measurement Unit ◽

Joint Angles ◽

Calibration Methods ◽

Flexion Extension

This paper presents a novel sensor-to-segment calibration procedure for inertial sensor-based knee joint kinematics analysis during cycling. This procedure was designed to be feasible in-field, autonomously, and without any external operator or device. It combines a static standing up posture and a pedaling task. The main goal of this study was to assess the accuracy of the new sensor-to-segment calibration method (denoted as the ‘cycling’ method) by calculating errors in terms of body-segment orientations and 3D knee joint angles using inertial measurement unit (IMU)-based and optoelectronic-based motion capture. To do so, 14 participants were evaluated during pedaling motion at a workload of 100 W, which enabled comparisons of the cycling method with conventional calibration methods commonly employed in gait analysis. The accuracy of the cycling method was comparable to that of other methods concerning the knee flexion/extension angle, and did not exceed 3.8°. However, the cycling method presented the smallest errors for knee internal/external rotation (6.65 ± 1.94°) and abduction/adduction (5.92 ± 2.85°). This study demonstrated that a calibration method based on the completion of a pedaling task combined with a standing posture significantly improved the accuracy of 3D knee joint angle measurement when applied to cycling analysis.

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Validation of a Device to Measure Knee Joint Angles for a Dynamic Movement

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20061747 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 1747 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mirel Ajdaroski ◽

Ruchika Tadakala ◽

Lorraine Nichols ◽

Amanda Esquivel

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Motion Capture ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Knee Kinematics ◽

The United States ◽

Wearable Device ◽

Joint Angles ◽

Dynamic Movement ◽

Flexion Extension

Participation in sports has risen in the United States over the last few years, increasing the risk of injuries such as tears to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in the knee. Previous studies have shown a correlation between knee kinematics when landing from a jump and this injury. The purpose of this study was to validate the ability of a commercially available inertial measurement units (IMUs) to accurately measure knee joint angles during a dynamic movement. Eight healthy subjects participated in the study. Validation was performed by comparing the angles measured by the wearable device to those obtained through the gold standard motion capture system when landing from a jump. Root mean square, linear regression analysis, and Bland–Altman plots were performed/constructed. The mean difference between the wearable device and the motion capture data was 8.4° (flexion/extension), 4.9° (ab/adduction), and 3.9° (rotation). In addition, the device was more accurate at smaller knee angles. In our study, a commercially available wearable IMU was able to perform fairly well under certain conditions and was less accurate in other conditions.

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SYMMETRICITY AND GENDER DIFFERENCES OF KNEE JOINT ADDUCTION MOMENT

Clinical Practice ◽

10.17816/clinpract17640 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Aleksei Borisovich Malkov ◽

Stanislav Nikolaevich Kondrat'ev ◽

Mariya Vasil'evna Abros'kina

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Knee Joint ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Motion Capture ◽

Research Evaluation ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Men And Women ◽

And Gender ◽

The Right ◽

Support Phase

Actuality. Gonarthrosis is one of the most insidious degenerative diseases, which has a number of gait biomechanical predictors. Of these, the most studied is the knee joint adduction moment in the support phase, however, there is a lack of research devoted to the search for its reference values among various age and gender groups. Purpose of research. Evaluation of gender and functional body asymmetry effect on peak moments of knee joint adduction in healthy volunteers. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 38 healthy volunteers (17 men and 21 women) aged 20-45 years old through the motion capture hardware-software complex of the company "Vicon Motion Capture Systems". A comparative assessment was made for the first and second peaks amplitude of the knee joint adduction moment in the support phase. Symmetry was evaluated for both peaks in general, as well as separately for men and women. Gender differences for both peaks were evaluated in total for the right and left lower limbs. Results. The absence of significant intergroup differences in the both peaks amplitude of the knee joint adduction moment between the right and left legs, irrespective of gender (p0.05), was revealed, which demonstrates the symmetry of the adduction forces acting on the knee joint in the support phase. When comparing the both peaks amplitudes of the knee joint adduction moment in men and women, there was absence of significant differences for the first peak (p0.05), but a significantly higher second peak in males (p0.05). Conclusion. The obtained variability aspects of the peak moments of knee joint adduction will find their application in functional diagnostics using the motion capture technology.

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Compensating for Soft-Tissue Artifact Using the Orientation of Distal Limb Segments During Electromagnetic Motion Capture of the Upper Limb

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.4053366 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zachary Bons ◽

Taylor Dickinson ◽

Ryan Clark ◽

Kari Beardsley ◽

Steven Charles

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Motion Capture ◽

Upper Limb ◽

External Rotation ◽

Arm Movement ◽

Elbow Extension ◽

Wrist Flexion ◽

Hand Orientation ◽

Flexion Extension ◽

Motion Capture Systems

Abstract Most motion capture measurements suffer from soft-tissue artifacts (STA). Especially affected are rotations about the long axis of a limb segment, such as humeral internal-external rotation (HIER) and forearm pronation-supination (FPS). Unfortunately, most existing methods to compensate for STA were designed for optoelectronic motion capture systems. We present and evaluate a STA compensation method that 1) compensates for STA in HIER and/or FPS, 2) is developed specifically for electromagnetic motion capture systems, and 3) does not require additional calibration or data. To compensate for STA, calculation of HIER angles rely on forearm orientation, and calculation of FPS angles rely on hand orientation. To test this approach, we recorded whole-arm movement data from eight subjects and compared their joint angle trajectories calculated according to progressive levels of STA compensation. Compensated HIER and FPS angles were significantly larger than uncompensated angles. Although the effect of STA compensation on other joint angles (besides HIER and FPS) was usually modest, significant effects were seen in certain DOF under some conditions. Overall, the method functioned as intended during most of the range of motion of the upper limb, but it becomes unstable in extreme elbow extension and extreme wrist flexion-extension. Specifically, this method is not recommended for movements within 20° of full elbow extension, full wrist flexion, or full wrist extension. Since this method does not require additional calibration of data, it can be applied retroactively to data collected without the intent to compensate for STA.

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A Novel Method to Estimate the Full Knee Joint Kinematics Using Low Cost IMU Sensors for Easy to Implement Low Cost Diagnostics

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20061683 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 1683

Author(s):

Mark Versteyhe ◽

Henri De Vroey ◽

Frederik Debrouwere ◽

Hans Hallez ◽

Kurt Claeys

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

External Rotation ◽

Low Cost ◽

Joint Kinematics ◽

Body Motion ◽

Analysis Tool ◽

Clinical Tool ◽

Current Standard ◽

Flexion Extension ◽

Knee Joint Kinematics

Traditional motion capture systems are the current standard in the assessment of knee joint kinematics. These systems are, however, very costly, complex to handle, and, in some conditions, fail to estimate the varus/valgus and internal/external rotation accurately due to the camera setup. This paper presents a novel and comprehensive method to infer the full relative motion of the knee joint, including the flexion/extension, varus/valgus, and internal/external rotation, using only low cost inertial measurement units (IMU) connected to the upper and lower leg. Furthermore, sensors can be placed arbitrarily and only require a short calibration, making it an easy-to-use and portable clinical analysis tool. The presented method yields both adequate results and displays the uncertainty band on those results to the user. The proposed method is based on an fixed interval smoother relying on a simple dynamic model of the legs and judicially chosen constraints to estimate the rigid body motion of the leg segments in a world reference frame. In this pilot study, benchmarking of the method on a calibrated robotic manipulator, serving as leg analogue, and comparison with camera-based techniques confirm the method’s accurateness as an easy-to-implement, low-cost clinical tool.

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