scholarly journals A conceptual model of nurses’ workplace social capital: a theory synthesis

BMC Nursing ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiamin Xu ◽  
Azadeh T. Stark
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Organizational Outcomes ◽  
Nursing Management ◽  
Individual Determinants ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Workforce Integration ◽  
Workplace Social Capital

Abstract Background Research has confirmed the importance of workplace social capital in the nursing workforce. Integration of the empirical evidence about nurses’ workplace social capital into a scientific collection can provide a comprehensive presentation of this concept. This scientific collection can be a conduit for further research and advancement of nursing management and leadership. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to discuss the process of developing a conceptual model of nurses’ workplace social capital, an effective and concise approach to illustrate a scientific phenomenon. Methods The model of nurses’ workplace social capital was developed following Walker and Avant’s strategy of theory synthesis. Empirical evidence relevant to nurses’ workplace social capital was synthesized by systematically examining the existing literature. PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched periodically from October 2017 to July 2020. Results Our proposed conceptual model lays out the determinants and outcomes of nurses’ workplace social capital and specifies the relational statements among these concepts. Nurses’ workplace social capital is influenced by the organizational and individual determinants shaped by multiple layers of sub-concepts. The development and implementation of nurses’ workplace social capital has three themes of consequences: 1) nurses’ outcomes; 2) patients’ outcomes; and 3) organizational outcomes. All the concepts and statements have been organized and aligned with the principles of “inventory of determinants or results” and “theoretical blocks”. Conclusion Our theoretical synthesis offers a comprehensive picture of the current knowledge of nurses’ workplace social capital. Efforts should be dedicated to evaluating, revising, and revamping this newly developed model based on future empirical evidence. Our synthesized conceptual model is the segue to more comprehensive studies about nurses’ workplace social capital. Interventional programs for the development of social capital can be structured based on the identified determinants.

scholarly journals A Conceptual Model of Nurses’ Workplace Social Capital: A Theory Synthesis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiamin Xu ◽  
Azadeh T STARK
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Organizational Outcomes ◽  
Nursing Management ◽  
Theoretical Synthesis ◽  
Individual Determinants ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Workplace Social Capital

Abstract Background: Research has confirmed the importance of workplace social capital in the nursing workforce. It is necessary to integrate the mounting empirical evidences about nurses’ workplace social capital into a scientific collection to provide a comprehensive presentation of this concept which can be a conduit for furthering research and advancing the practice of nursing management and leadership. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to discuss the process of developing a conceptual model of nurses’ workplace social capital, an effective and concise approach to illustrate a scientific phenomenon.Methods: The model of nurses’ workplace social capital was developed following Walker and Avant’s strategy of theory synthesis. Empirical evidence relevant to nurses’ workplace social capital was synthesized by systematically examining the existing literature. PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched periodically from October 2017 to July 2020. Results: Our proposed conceptual model lays out the determinants and outcomes of nurses’ workplace social capital and specifies the relational statements among these concepts. Nurses’ workplace social capital is influenced by the organizational and individual determinants shaped by multiple layers of sub-concepts. The development and implementation of nurses’ workplace social capital has three themes of consequences: 1) nurses’ outcomes; 2) patients’ outcomes; and 3) organizational outcomes. All the concepts and statements have been organized and aligned with the principles of “inventory of determinants or results” and “theoretical blocks”.Conclusion: Our theoretical synthesis offers a comprehensive picture of the current knowledge of nurses’ workplace social capital. Efforts should be dedicated to evaluating, revising, and revamping this newly developed model based on future empirical evidences. Our synthesized conceptual model is the segue to more comprehensive studies about nurses’ workplace social capital. Interventional programs for the development of social capital can be structured based on the identified determinants.

Can high workplace social capital buffer the negative effect of high workload on patient-initiated violence? Prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. 103971
Author(s):  
Pihl-Thingvad Jesper ◽  
Andersen Lars Peter Soenderbo ◽  
Pihl-Thingvad Signe ◽  
Elklit Ask ◽  
Brandt Lars Peter Andreas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
High Workload ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Workplace Social Capital

Factors influencing workplace social capital among registered nurses in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.‐M. Xu ◽  
W. Kunaviktikul ◽  
T. Akkadechanunt ◽  
A. Nantsupawat ◽  
S. Turale
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Registered Nurses ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Workplace Social Capital

scholarly journals Proteomic and Genomic Studies on Lizard Venoms in the Last Decade

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. PRI.S3693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Fai Kwok ◽  
Craig Ivanyi ◽  
Andrew Morris ◽  
Chris Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
The State ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Genomic Research ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Genomic Studies

Traditionally man has looked to nature to provide cures for diseases. This approach still exists today in the form of ‘bio-prospecting’ for therapeutically-active compounds in venoms. For example, the venoms of many reptiles offer a spectacular laboratory of bioactive molecules, including peptides and proteins. In the last 10–15 years, there have been a number of major proteomic and genomic research breakthroughs on lizard venoms. In this current review, the key findings from these proteomic and genomic studies will be critically discussed and suggestions will be offered for future focused investigations. It is our intention that this article will not only provide a comprehensive picture of the state of current knowledge of the components of lizard venoms, but also engender awareness in readers of the need to protect and conserve such uniquely precious natural resources for several reasons, including the potential benefit of humankind.

scholarly journals Does workplace social capital predict care quality through job satisfaction and stress at the clinic? A prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne Berthelsen ◽  
Mikaela Owen ◽  
Hugo Westerlund
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Indirect Pathway ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
Aggregated Data ◽  
Dental Fillings ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Workplace Social Capital

Abstract Background Welfare societies like Sweden face challenges in balancing the budget while meeting the demand for good quality healthcare. The aim of this study was to analyse whether care quality, operationalized as survival of dental fillings, is predicted by workplace social capital and if this effect is direct or indirect (through stress and/or job satisfaction among staff at the clinic), controlling for patient demographics. Methods The prospective design includes A) work environment data from surveys of 75 general public dental clinics (aggregated data based on 872 individual ratings), and B) register-based survival of 9381dental fillings performed during a 3-month period around the time of the survey, and C) patient demographics (age, gender, income level and birth place). Using a multi-level discrete-time proportional hazard model, we tested whether clinic-level social capital, stress, and job satisfaction could predict tooth-level filling failure, controlling for patient demographics. One direct and two indirect pathways, moderated by filling tooth, location, and filling type, were tested. Results High workplace social capital reduced the risk of early failure of fillings in molar teeth, mediated by group-perceived job satisfaction (indirect path: OR = 0.93, p < .05, direct path from job satisfaction: OR = 0.89, p < .05). Contrary to expectations, we found no support for a direct effect from social capital on care quality or for the indirect pathway via stress at the clinic level. Conclusions Workplace social capital boosted the quality of dental fillings through increased levels of job satisfaction. In addition, staff at clinics with higher social capital reported less stress and higher levels of job satisfaction. These results indicate that promotion of social capital may improve both occupational health and care quality.

Nurse Fatigue and Nurse, Patient Safety, and Organizational Outcomes: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592199089
Author(s):  
Hyeonmi Cho ◽  
Linsey M. Steege
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Organizational Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nurse Fatigue

Hospital nurses are at high risk of fatigue due to stressful work environments with heavy workloads and non-standard work schedules. This systematic review examined the relationship between hospital nurse fatigue and outcomes. Full-text English language quantitative studies published between January 2000 and July 2020 were included. A total of 22 articles were reviewed and synthesized. The findings were synthesized into three major categories: nurse outcomes, nurse-reported patient outcomes, and organizational outcomes. Some of the most commonly studied outcomes include nursing performance (n=3), sickness absence (n=3), and intention to leave (n=4). Fatigue was consistently associated with mental health problems, decreased nursing performance, and sickness absence. Many studies confirmed that nurse fatigue is negatively associated with nurse, patient-safety, and organizational outcomes. However, our findings highlight gaps in current knowledge and the need for future research using a longitudinal design and measuring additional outcomes to better understand the consequences of nurse fatigue.

scholarly journals Does workplace social capital protect against long-term sickness absence? Linking workplace aggregated social capital to sickness absence registry data

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie K. Hansen ◽  
Ida E. H. Madsen ◽  
Sannie Vester Thorsen ◽  
Ole Melkevik ◽  
Jakob Bue Bjørner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Collective Good ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
Workplace Social Capital

Aims: Most previous prospective studies have examined workplace social capital as a resource of the individual. However, literature suggests that social capital is a collective good. In the present study we examined whether a high level of workplace aggregated social capital (WASC) predicts a decreased risk of individual-level long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in Danish private sector employees. Methods: A sample of 2043 employees (aged 18–64 years, 38.5% women) from 260 Danish private-sector companies filled in a questionnaire on workplace social capital and covariates. WASC was calculated by assigning the company-averaged social capital score to all employees of each company. We derived LTSA, defined as sickness absence of more than three weeks, from a national register. We examined if WASC predicted employee LTSA using multilevel survival analyses, while excluding participants with LTSA in the three months preceding baseline. Results: We found no statistically significant association in any of the analyses. The hazard ratio for LTSA in the fully adjusted model was 0.93 (95% CI 0.77–1.13) per one standard deviation increase in WASC. When using WASC as a categorical exposure we found a statistically non-significant tendency towards a decreased risk of LTSA in employees with medium WASC (fully adjusted model: HR 0.78 (95% CI 0.48–1.27)). Post hoc analyses with workplace social capital as a resource of the individual showed similar results. Conclusions: WASC did not predict LTSA in this sample of Danish private-sector employees.

Social capital in the theory and research of LIS professionals in the light of the literature on the subject. Review of current knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Dorota Wojciechowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Social Capital ◽  
Rural Libraries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of the paper is to present the latest scholarly trends in the field of social capital in libraries, to review research concepts published by LIS professionals and to suggest further research possibilities in this area. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents a review and critical analysis of literature associated with research on social capital in libraries to highlight its importance for the development of LIS and its impact on the functioning of environments linked with various types of libraries. The goal of literature analysis was to determine the current condition of research on social capital in libraries. The main trends were identified and the need for further qualitative analyses, which are missing at the moment, was confirmed. Findings It was determined that, so far, LIS professionals have focussed mainly on the role of municipal libraries in developing social capital, the problem of building trust, especially in immigrant circles and the impact of libraries on promoting a civil society. Academic libraries, rural libraries, organisational capital in libraries and individual social capital of librarians were a much less frequent subject of research. The role of libraries in developing social capital in educational (primary and secondary education) and professional (non-university professionals) circles is practically non-existent in research, and it will require in-depth studies and analyses in the coming years. Originality/value This paper constitutes a synthetic review of the latest research concepts concerning social capital in libraries. It identifies the most important research trends and areas that so far have not been explored and suggests research methods to help LIS professionals design future research in this area more effectively.

scholarly journals Corporate Board Committees and Corporate Outcomes: An International Systematic Literature Review and Agenda for Future Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Alhossini ◽  
Collins G. Ntim ◽  
Alaa Mansour Zalata
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Applied Theory ◽  
Corporate Board ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Individual

This paper comprehensively reviews the current body of international accounting literature regarding advisory/monitoring committees and corporate outcomes. Specifically, it synthesizes, appraises, and extends current knowledge on the (a) theoretical (i.e., economic, accounting/corporate governance, sociological and socio-psychological) perspectives and (b) empirical evidence of the observable and less visible attributes at both the individual and committee levels and their link with a wide range (financial/non-financial) of corporate outcomes. Using the systematic literature review method, 304 articles from 59 journals in the fields of accounting and finance that were published between January 1992 and December 2018 are reviewed. The main findings are as follows. First and theoretically, agency theory is the most dominant applied theory/studies with no application of theory at all (descriptive), while the application of integrated theoretical frameworks is lacking in the reviewed articles. Secondly, the existing empirical evidence focusses excessively on (a) monitoring instead of advisory committees and (b) observable rather than less visible committee attributes. Thirdly, scarcity of cross-country studies along with methodological limitations relating to measurement inconsistencies, insufficiency of variables, and dominance of quantitative studies, among others, are identified. Finally, promising future research avenues are outlined.

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