scholarly journals Defining safety net hospitals in the health services research literature: a systematic review and critical appraisal

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Hefner ◽  
Tory Harper Hogan ◽  
William Opoku-Agyeman ◽  
Nir Menachemi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Hospital Level ◽  
Services Research ◽  
Uncompensated Care ◽  
Research And Policy

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to identify the range of ways that safety net hospitals (SNHs) have been empirically operationalized in the literature and determine the extent to which patterns could be identified in the use of empirical definitions of SNHs. Methods We conducted a PRISMA guided systematic review of studies published between 2009 and 2018 and analyzed 22 articles that met the inclusion criteria of hospital-level analyses with a clear SNH definition. Results Eleven unique SNH definitions were identified, and there were no obvious patterns in the use of a definition category (Medicaid caseload, DSH payment status, uncompensated care, facility characteristics, patient care mix) by the journal type where the article appeared, dataset used, or the year of publication. Conclusions Overall, there is broad variability in the conceptualization of, and variables used to define, SNHs. Our work advances the field toward the development of standards in measuring, operationalizing, and conceptualizing SNHs across research and policy questions.

scholarly journals User involvement in adolescents’ mental healthcare: protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e018800
Author(s):  
Petter Viksveen ◽  
Stig Erlend Bjønness ◽  
Siv Hilde Berg ◽  
Nicole Elizabeth Cardenas ◽  
Julia Rose Game ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
User Involvement ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Evaluation Approach

IntroductionUser involvement has become a growing importance in healthcare. The United Nations state that adolescents have a right to be heard, and user involvement in healthcare is a legal right in many countries. Some research provides an insight into the field of user involvement in somatic and mental healthcare for adults, but little is known about user involvement in adolescents’ mental healthcare, and no overview of the existing research evidence exists.Methods and analysisThe aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of existing research reporting on experiences with and the effectiveness and safety issues associated with user involvement for adolescents’ mental healthcare at the individual and organisational level. A systematic literature search and assessment of published research in the field of user involvement in adolescents’ mental healthcare will be carried out. Established guidelines will be used for data extraction (Cochrane Collaboration guidelines, Strengthening the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP)), critical appraisal (Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and Pragmatic-Explanatory Continuum Indicator Summary) and reporting of results (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses, Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials and CASP). Confidence in the research evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Adolescents are included as coresearchers for the planning and carrying out of this systematic review. This systematic review will provide an overview of the existing research literature and thereby fill a knowledge gap. It may provide various stakeholders, including decision-makers, professionals, individuals and their families, with an overview of existing knowledge in an underexplored field of research.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this systematic review as we are not collecting primary data. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and at conference presentations and will be shared with stakeholder groups.

scholarly journals Impact of Early Mobility of ABCDEF Bundle on Delirium

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Advanced Practice ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Early Mobility ◽  
Abcdef Bundle ◽  
The Impact

A systematic review was performed utilizing the PRISMA checklist to evaluate the impact of early mobility of the ABCDEF bundle on delirium in critically-ill patients. Critical appraisal of the research utilizing CASP and cross analysis was performed of 5 studies that met inclusion criteria revealing two statistically significant results on the impact of early mobility on delirium. Summary and conclusion as well as recommendations for application within the advanced practice role were included.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of the Use of Phytochemicals for Management of Pain in Cancer Therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Harrison ◽  
Fabrice Heritier ◽  
Bennett G. Childs ◽  
J. Michael Bostwick ◽  
Mikhail A. Dziadzko
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Therapeutic Benefit ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Database Search ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Successful Management

Pain in cancer therapy is a common condition and there is a need for new options in therapeutic management. While phytochemicals have been proposed as one pain management solution, knowledge of their utility is limited. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of the biomedical literature for the use of phytochemicals for management of cancer therapy pain in human subjects. Of an initial database search of 1,603 abstracts, 32 full-text articles were eligible for further assessment. Only 7 of these articles met all inclusion criteria for this systematic review. The average relative risk of phytochemical versus control was 1.03 [95% CI 0.59 to 2.06]. In other words (although not statistically significant), patients treated with phytochemicals were slightly more likely than patients treated with control to obtain successful management of pain in cancer therapy. We identified a lack of quality research literature on this subject and thus were unable to demonstrate a clear therapeutic benefit for either general or specific use of phytochemicals in the management of cancer pain. This lack of data is especially apparent for psychotropic phytochemicals, such as theCannabisplant (marijuana). Additional implications of our findings are also explored.

scholarly journals Outcomes of total knee replacement with the use of a NexGen MIS Tibial Component (Mini-keel) : a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-478
Author(s):  
Naoki Nakano ◽  
Kiyonori Mizuno ◽  
Koji Takayama ◽  
Shinya Hayashi ◽  
Ryosuke Kuroda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Total Knee Replacement ◽  
Knee Replacement ◽  
Tibial Component ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Fixation Strength ◽  
Modular System ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Total Knee

NexGen MIS Tibial Component (Mini-keel) is a tibial component specially developed for minimally invasive surgery in total knee replacement (TKR), and the size limitations of its design and the modular system could affect tibial fixation strength, however, this has not been precisely evaluated thus far. This study aimed to systematically review the literature describing the outcome following TKR with the use of a Mini-keel. Electronic searches of databases were undertaken in July 2019 by two experienced orthopaedic surgeons according to the PRISMA guidelines for literature describing the outcomes of TKR with the use of a Mini-keel. Quality of studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. The initial search found a total of 623 studies from all the databases. Seven studies met all the inclusion criteria and were eligible for critical appraisal and quality assessment. In total, 2,198 cases were included in the systematic review. Thirty-five revision cases due to aseptic loosening were found from the systematic review. Two studies were negative about using a Mini-keel and three studies were positive about it, while the other two studies did not judge the quality of a Mini-keel. There have been conflicting conclusions among studies for the use of a Mini-keel. There remains a paucity of prospective cohort studies between TKRs with the use of a Mini-keel and those with the use of a conventional implant, which makes it difficult to determine the usefulness and reliability of this implant.

scholarly journals Mortality of Diabetes-related Acute Metabolic Emergencies in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasileios P. Papadopoulos ◽  
Peny Avramidou ◽  
Stefania-Aspasia Bakola ◽  
Dimitra-Geogia Zikoudi ◽  
Ntilara Touzlatzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Meta Analyses

AbstractPurposeLittle is known on the mortality rate in COVID-19 related acute metabolic emergencies, namely diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar state (HHS), combined DKA/HHS, and euglycaemic diabetic ketoacidosis (EDKA).MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted using EMBASE, PubMed/Medline, and Google Scholar from January 1, 2020 to January 9, 2021 to identify all case report series, cross-sectional studies, and meta-analyses of case reports describing mortality rate in DKA, HHS, and EDKA, in COVID-19 patients. The Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for case reports was used for quality assessment.ResultsFrom 313 identified publications, 4 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. A systematic review and meta-analysis with subgroup analyses examined mortality rate in a total of 152 COVID-19 patients who had developed DKA, HHS, combined DKA/HHS, or EDKA. Combined mortality rate and confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using random effects model. The study was registered to PROSPERO database (ID: 230737).ResultsCombined mortality rate was found to be 27.1% [95% CI: 11.2-46.9%]. Heterogeneity was considerable (I2=83%; 95% CI: 56-93%), corrected to 67% according to Von Hippel adjustment for small meta-analyses. Funnel plot presented no apparent asymmetry; Egger’s and Begg’s test yielded in P=0.44 and P=0.50, respectively. Sensitivity analysis failed to explain heterogeneity.ConclusionCOVID-19 related acute metabolic emergencies (DKA, HHS, and EDKA) are characterized by considerable mortality; thus, clinicians should be aware of timely detection and immediate treatment commencing.

scholarly journals Personal Prayer in Patients Dealing with Chronic Illness: A Review of the Research Literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Jors ◽  
Arndt Büssing ◽  
Niels Christian Hvidt ◽  
Klaus Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Intercessory Prayer ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Personal Prayer

Background. Prayer is commonly used among patients for health purposes. Therefore, this review focused on three main questions: (1) why do people turn to prayer in times of illness?, (2) what are the main topics of their prayers?, and (3) how do they pray?Method. We undertook a systematic review of the literature by searching the databases PubMed, Medline, and PsycINFO. The following inclusion criteria were used: (1) participants in the study were patients dealing with an illness, (2) the study examined the use of private rather than intercessory prayer, and (3) the content and purpose of prayer rather than its effects were investigated.Results. 16 articles were included in the final review. Participants suffered from a variety of chronic diseases, mostly cancer. Five main categories for the reasons and topics of prayer were found: (1) disease-centered prayer, (2) assurance-centered prayer, (3) God-centered prayer, (4) others-centered prayer, and (5) lamentations. Among these, disease-centered prayer was most common.Conclusions. Although most patients with chronic diseases do pray for relief from their physical and mental suffering, the intention of their prayers is not only for healing. Rather, prayer can be a resource that allows patients to positively transform the experience of their illness.

Dance Programs for School-Age Individuals With Disabilities: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-376
Author(s):  
Laura A. Prieto ◽  
Justin A. Haegele ◽  
Luis Columna
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
School Age ◽  
Individuals With Disabilities ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this systematic review was to examine published research literature pertaining to dance programs for school-age individuals with disabilities by describing study characteristics and major findings. Electronic database searches were conducted to identify relevant articles published between January 2008 and August 2018. Sixteen articles met all inclusion criteria, and extracted data from the articles included major findings, study design characteristics (e.g., sample size), and dance program characteristics (e.g., location of program). The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool. Major findings expand on previous reviews on dance by including school-age individuals with disabilities. The critical appraisal of the articles demonstrates a gap in study design rigor between studies. Future research should aim to specify sampling strategies, use theories to frame the impact of dance programs, and provide a thorough description of ethical processes and dance classes.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Eccentric Exercises in the Management of Chronic Achilles Tendinosis

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla van Usen ◽  
Barbara Pumberger
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Eccentric Training ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Achilles Tendinosis ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Training Objective ◽  
Published Research

Chronic Achilles tendinosis is commonly seen in clinical practice however the causes are largely unknown. In the last ten years good results have been reported with a range of approaches, one of which is eccentric training. Objective: This study reports on a systematic review of the literature to determine the effectiveness of eccentric training compared with other types of interventions for chronic Achilles tendinosis. Method: A systematic review of the published research literature was conducted to examine the quantity, nature, quality and significance of literature relevant to the effectiveness of eccentric training for chronic Achilles tendinosis. Subject inclusion criteria were being at least 16 years of age, having a minimum of three months of complaints and no other underlying pathologies. Results: Seven databases were searched, and 25 studies were included. They reflected a variety of research designs and study quality. Comparison interventions included surgery, medications and passive treatment. An index combining results and quality showed that the best options for managing Achilles tendinosis were medication and eccentric exercises. Taking account of factors such as cost, safety and inconvenience, eccentric exercises are favoured over drug intervention. Conclusion: Eccentric exercises are simple to perform and provide a cost effective, safe and efficient way to treat Achilles tendinosis. They should be considered first for all patients, before invasive interventions such as surgery and drug therapy.

The prevalence of pressure ulcers in Europe, what does the European data tell us: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 710-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zena Moore ◽  
Pinar Avsar ◽  
Laura Conaty ◽  
David Hugh Moore ◽  
Declan Patton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Pressure Ulcers ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Systematic Review Methodology ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Quantitative Design

Objective: The main aim of this systematic review was to establish the prevalence of pressure ulcers (PU) within published studies from Europe. Method: Using systematic review methodology, quantitative design studies which explored prevalence data and/or the epidemiology of PUs in Europe were considered. The primary outcome was PU prevalence. The search, conducted in April 2019, using Cochrane, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases, returned 3065 records, of which 79 met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted using a pre-designed extraction tool, and validity analysis was undertaken using the Evidence-Based Librarianship (EBL) Critical Appraisal Checklist. Results: We included 79 articles in this review. Across the studies, the median prevalence was 10.8% (standard deviation: 7%; range: 4.6–27.2%). The highest PU prevalence reported was from the Netherlands (27.2%; n=17,494 participants), and the lowest was reported from Finland (4.6%; n=629 participants). Almost 32.4% (n=151,195) of the PUs were category I and the most common site for PUs was the sacrum. Conclusion: The prevalence data is consistently high. These data indicate the continued need for further resource allocation into PU prevention and management

scholarly journals Systematic Review of Spiritual Experiences in HIV Patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 189-208
Author(s):  
Wiwi Alawiyah ◽  
Linlin Lindayani ◽  
. Herdiman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Life Goals ◽  
Spiritual Experiences ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Assessment Data ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Standard Format

One of the consequences caused by problems that occur in HIV patients is a change in the quality of life, particularly that relating to spirituality. This article offers a systematic review of previous studies regarding the spiritual safety of HIV patients. Inclusion criteria for article searches were studies conducted on patients with HIV, over 18 years of age, diagnosed with HIV for more than 6 months, qualitative studies, and exploring spiritual experiences. The quality assessment of each article was carried out using the standard format of the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Study. The results of this study include eight articles matching the criteria, and produce four themes that can represent all the articles analyzed: getting closer to God; having hope and life goals; needing support; and finding meaning in life. By identifying and classifying the spiritual experiences of HIV patients, it is hoped that their families will be able to provide motivation in dealing with the problems that occur. It is also hoped that practitioners will be able to use the results of this study as material in collecting assessment data on HIV patients.   Keywords: Spiritual Experience, HIV, Qualitative and Literature Review

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