scholarly journals Experiences of people seen in an acute hospital setting by a liaison mental health service: responses from an online survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elspeth Guthrie ◽  
Daniel Romeu ◽  
Carolyn Czoski-Murray ◽  
Samuel Relton ◽  
Andrew Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Background In recent years the UK has expanded the provision of liaison mental health services (LMHS). Little work has been undertaken to explore first-hand experiences of them. Aims The aim of this study was to gain insights into the experiences of users of LMHS in both emergency departments and acute inpatient wards in the UK. Methods This cross-sectional internet survey was initially advertised from May-July 2017 using the social media platform Facebook. Due to a paucity of male respondents, it was re-run from November 2017-February 2018, specifically targeting male respondents. The survey featured a structured questionnaire divided into three categories: the profile of the respondent, perceived professionalism of LMHS and overall opinion of the service. Analysis Responses to the structured questionnaire were analysed using descriptive statistics and latent class analysis. Free-text responses were transcribed verbatim and interpreted using thematic analysis. Results 184 people responded to the survey. 147 were service users and 37 were partners, friends or family members of service users. Only 31% of service users and 27% of close others found their overall contact helpful. Latent class analysis identified three clusters − 46% of service users generally disliked their contact, 36% had an overall positive experience, and 18% did not answer most questions about helpfulness or usefulness. Features most frequently identified as important were the provision of a 24/7 service, assessment by a variety of healthcare professionals and national standardisation of services. Respondents indicated that the least important feature was the provision of a separate service for older people. They desired faster assessments following referral from the parent team, clearer communication about next steps and greater knowledge of local services and third sector organisations. Conclusions This survey identified mixed responses, but overall experiences were more negative than indicated in the limited previous research. The evaluation and adaptation of LMHS along the lines suggested in our survey should be prioritised to enhance their inherent therapeutic value and to improve engagement with treatment and future psychiatric care.

scholarly journals Experiences of people seen in an acute hospital setting by liaison mental health services: responses from an online survey

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S346-S346
Author(s):  
Daniel Romeu ◽  
Elspeth Guthrie ◽  
Carolyn Czoski-Murray ◽  
Samuel Relton ◽  
Andrew Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Acute Hospital ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Service Users

AimsRecently the NHS has expanded the provision of liaison mental health services (LMHS) to ensure that every acute hospital with an emergency department in England has a liaison psychiatry service. Little work has been undertaken to explore first-hand experiences of these services. The aim of this study was to capture service users’ experiences of LMHS in both emergency departments and acute inpatient wards in the UK, with a view to adapt services to better meet the needs of its users.MethodThis cross-sectional internet survey was initially advertised from May-July 2017 using the social media platform Facebook. Due to a paucity of male respondents, it was re-run from November 2017-February 2018, specifically targeting this demographic group. 184 people responded to the survey, of which 147 were service users and 37 were service users’ accompanying partners, friends or family members. The survey featured a structured questionnaire divided into three categories: the profile of the respondent, perceived professionalism of LMHS, and overall opinion of the service. Space was available for free-text comments in each section. Descriptive analysis of quantitative data was undertaken with R statistical software V.3.2.2. Qualitative data from free-text comments were transcribed and interpreted independently by three researchers using framework analysis; familiarisation with the data was followed by identification of a thematic framework, indexing, charting, mapping and interpretation.ResultOpinions of the service were mixed but predominantly negative. 31% of service users and 27% of their loved ones found their overall contact with LMHS useful. Features most frequently identified as important were the provision of a 24/7 service, assessment by a variety of healthcare professionals and national standardisation of services. Respondents indicated that the least important feature was the provision of a separate service for older people. They also expressed that a desirable LMHS would include faster assessments following referral from the parent team, clearer communication about next steps and greater knowledge of local services and third sector organisations.ConclusionOur survey identified mixed responses, however service users and their loved ones perceived LMHS more frequently as negative than positive. This may be attributed to the recent governmental drive to assess, treat and discharge 95% of all patients seen in emergency departments within four hours of initial attendance. Additionally, dissatisfied service users are more likely to volunteer their opinions. The evaluation and adaptation of LMHS should be prioritised to enhance their inherent therapeutic value and improve engagement with treatment and future psychiatric care.

scholarly journals Categories of intimate partner violence and abuse (IPVA) among young women and men: Latent Class Analysis of psychological, physical, and sexual victimisation and perpetration in a UK birth cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Herbert ◽  
Abigail Fraser ◽  
Laura D. Howe ◽  
Eszter Szilassy ◽  
Maria Barnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Variable Impact

AbstractBackgroundIn the UK, around one-third of young people are exposed to IPVA by 21 years old. However, types of IPVA victimisation in this population (psychological, physical, sexual), and their relationship with impact and perpetration are poorly understood.MethodsParticipants in a UK birth cohort reported IPVA victimisation and perpetration by age 21. We carried out a latent class analysis, where we categorised IPVA by types/frequency of victimisation, and then assigned individuals to their most probable class. Within these classes, we then estimated risks of reported: 1) types of negative impacts (sad, upset/unhappy, anxious, depressed, affected work/studies, angry/annoyed, drank/took drugs more); 2) types/frequency of perpetration.ResultsAmong 2,130 women and 1,149 men, 32% and 24% reported IPVA victimisation (of which 89% and 73% reported negative impact); 21% and 16% perpetration. Victimisation responses were well represented by five classes, including three apparent in both sexes: No-low victimisation (characterised by low probabilities of all types of victimisation; average probabilities of women and men belonging to this class were 82% and 70%); Mainly psychological (15% and 12%); Psychological & physical victimisation (4% and 7%), and two classes that were specific to women: Psychological & sexual (7%); Multi-victimisation (frequent victimisation for all three types; 4%). In women, all types of negative impact were most common in the Psychological & sexual and Multi-victimisation classes; for men, the Psychological & physical class. In women, all types of perpetration were most common for the Mainly psychological, Psychological & physical, and Multi-victimisation classes; in men, the Mainly psychological and Psychological & physical classes.DiscussionIn this study of young people, we found categories of co-occurrence of types and frequency of IPVA victimisation associated with differential risks of negative impact and perpetrating IPVA. This is consistent with emerging evidence of IPVA differentiation and its variable impact in other populations.

A national study of the availability of law enforcement agency wellness programming for officers: A latent class analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 146135572110640
Author(s):  
Bruce G Taylor ◽  
Weiwei Liu ◽  
Elizabeth A. Mumford
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Wellness Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Substance Use Treatment ◽  
Class Analysis

The purpose of this study is to understand the availability of employee wellness programs within law enforcement agencies (LEAs) across the United States, including physical fitness, resilience/wellness, coping skills, nutrition, mental health treatment, and substance use treatment. The research team investigated whether patterns of LEA wellness programming are identifiable and, if so, what characteristics describe these patterns. We assess using latent class analysis whether there are distinct profiles of agencies with similar patterns offering different types of wellness programs and explore what characteristics distinguish agencies with certain profiles of wellness programming. Data were from a nationally representative sample of 1135 LEAs: 80.1% municipal, 18.6% county and 1.3% other agencies (state-level and Bureau of Indian Affairs LEAs). We found that many agencies (62%) offer no wellness programming. We also found that 23% have comprehensive wellness programming, and that another group of agencies specialize in specific wellness programming. About 14% of the agencies have a high probability of providing resilience coping skill education, mental health and/or substance use treatment services programming. About 1% of the agencies in the United States limit their programming to fitness and nutrition, indicating that fitness and nutrition programs are more likely to be offered in concert with other types of wellness programs. The analyses revealed that agencies offering broad program support are more likely to be large, municipal LEAs located in either the West, Midwest or Northeast (compared with the southern United States), and not experiencing a recent budget cut that impacted wellness programming.

Application of latent class analysis in assessing the mental health of medical students during the COVID-19 Epidemic (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Related Factors

BACKGROUND The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global public health emergency that has caused worldwide concern. The mental health of medical students under the COVID-19 epidemic has attracted much attention. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify subgroups of medical students based on mental health status and explore the influencing factors during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. METHODS A total of 29,663 medical students were recruited during the epidemic of COVID-19 in China. Latent class analysis of the mental health of medical students was performed using M-plus software to identify subtypes of medical students. The latent class subtypes were compared using the chi-square test. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine associations between identified classes and related factors. RESULTS In this study, three distinct subgroups were identified, namely, the high-risk group, the low-risk group and the normal group. Therefore, medical students can be divided into three latent classes, and the number of students in each class is 4325, 9321 and 16,017. The multinomial logistic regression results showed that compared with the normal group, the factors influencing mental health in the high-risk group were insomnia, perceived stress, family psychiatric disorders, fear of being infected, drinking, individual psychiatric disorders, sex, educational level and knowledge of COVID-19, according to the intensity of influence from high to low. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that latent class analysis can be used to categorize different medical students according to their mental health subgroup during the outbreak of COVID-19. The main factors influencing the high-risk group and low-risk group are basic demographic characteristics, disease history, COVID-19 related factors and behavioral lifestyle, among which insomnia and perceived stress have the greatest impact. School administrative departments could utilize more specific measures on the basis of different subgroups, and provide targeted measures.

Risk Factors Explaining Military Deaths From Suicide, 2008–2017: A Latent Class Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 0095327X2110469
Author(s):  
Scott D. Landes ◽  
Janet M. Wilmoth ◽  
Andrew S. London ◽  
Ann T. Landes
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Latent Classes ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Military Service Members

Military suicide prevention efforts would benefit from population-based research documenting patterns in risk factors among service members who die from suicide. We use latent class analysis to analyze patterns in identified risk factors among the population of 2660 active-duty military service members that the Department of Defense Suicide Event Report (DoDSER) system indicates died by suicide between 2008 and 2017. The largest of five empirically derived latent classes was primarily characterized by the dissolution of an intimate relationship in the past year. Relationship dissolution was common in the other four latent classes, but those classes were also characterized by job, administrative, or legal problems, or mental health factors. Distinct demographic and military-status differences were apparent across the latent classes. Results point to the need to increase awareness among mental health service providers and others that suicide among military service members often involves a constellation of potentially interrelated risk factors.

scholarly journals Day-Time Patterns of Carbohydrate Intake in Adults by Non-Parametric Multi-Level Latent Class Analysis—Results from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008/09–2015/16)

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2476
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Almoosawi ◽  
Palla
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
The Uk

This study aims at combining time and quantity of carbohydrate (CH) intake in the definition of eating patterns in UK adults and investigating the association of the derived patterns with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) Rolling Program included 6155 adults in the UK. Time of the day was categorized into 7 pre-defined time slots: 6–9 am, 9–12 noon, 12–2 pm, 2–5 pm, 5–8 pm, 8–10 pm, and 10 pm–6 am. Responses for CH intake were categorized into: no energy intake, CH <50% or ≥50% of total energy. Non-parametric multilevel latent class analysis (MLCA) was applied to identify eating patterns of CH consumption across day-time, as a novel method accounting for the repeated measurements of intake over 3–4 days nested within individuals. Survey-designed multivariable regression was used to assess the associations of CH eating patterns with T2D. Three CH eating day patterns (low, high CH percentage and frequent CH intake day) emerged from 24,483 observation days; based on which three classes of CH eaters were identified and characterized as: low (28.1%), moderate (28.8%) and high (43.1%) CH eaters. On average, low-CH eaters consumed the highest amount of total energy intake (7985.8 kJ) and had higher percentages of energy contributed by fat and alcohol, especially after 8 pm. Moderate-CH eaters consumed the lowest amount of total energy (7341.8 kJ) while they tended to have their meals later in the day. High-CH eaters consumed most of their carbohydrates and energy earlier in the day and within the time slots of 6–9 am, 12–2 pm and 5–8 pm, which correspond to traditional mealtimes. The high-CH eaters profile had the highest daily intake of CH and fiber and the lowest intake of protein and fat. Low-CH eaters had greater odds than high-CH eaters of having T2D in self-reported but not in previously undiagnosed diabetics. Further research using prospective longitudinal studies is warranted to ascertain the direction of causality in the association of CH patterns with type 2 diabetes.

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