scholarly journals Categories of intimate partner violence and abuse (IPVA) among young women and men: Latent Class Analysis of psychological, physical, and sexual victimisation and perpetration in a UK birth cohort

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Herbert ◽  
Abigail Fraser ◽  
Laura D. Howe ◽  
Eszter Szilassy ◽  
Maria Barnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Variable Impact

AbstractBackgroundIn the UK, around one-third of young people are exposed to IPVA by 21 years old. However, types of IPVA victimisation in this population (psychological, physical, sexual), and their relationship with impact and perpetration are poorly understood.MethodsParticipants in a UK birth cohort reported IPVA victimisation and perpetration by age 21. We carried out a latent class analysis, where we categorised IPVA by types/frequency of victimisation, and then assigned individuals to their most probable class. Within these classes, we then estimated risks of reported: 1) types of negative impacts (sad, upset/unhappy, anxious, depressed, affected work/studies, angry/annoyed, drank/took drugs more); 2) types/frequency of perpetration.ResultsAmong 2,130 women and 1,149 men, 32% and 24% reported IPVA victimisation (of which 89% and 73% reported negative impact); 21% and 16% perpetration. Victimisation responses were well represented by five classes, including three apparent in both sexes: No-low victimisation (characterised by low probabilities of all types of victimisation; average probabilities of women and men belonging to this class were 82% and 70%); Mainly psychological (15% and 12%); Psychological & physical victimisation (4% and 7%), and two classes that were specific to women: Psychological & sexual (7%); Multi-victimisation (frequent victimisation for all three types; 4%). In women, all types of negative impact were most common in the Psychological & sexual and Multi-victimisation classes; for men, the Psychological & physical class. In women, all types of perpetration were most common for the Mainly psychological, Psychological & physical, and Multi-victimisation classes; in men, the Mainly psychological and Psychological & physical classes.DiscussionIn this study of young people, we found categories of co-occurrence of types and frequency of IPVA victimisation associated with differential risks of negative impact and perpetrating IPVA. This is consistent with emerging evidence of IPVA differentiation and its variable impact in other populations.

scholarly journals Patterns of Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Perpetration Among Sexual Minority Women: A Latent Class Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 572-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E. Sutter ◽  
Annie E. Rabinovitch ◽  
Michael A. Trujillo ◽  
Paul B. Perrin ◽  
Lisa D. Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Minority Women ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Sexual Minority Women

This study explored patterns of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and perpetration in 150 sexual minority women (SMW): 25.3% had been sexually victimized, 34% physically victimized, 76% psychologically victimized, and 29.3% suffered an IPV-related injury. A latent class analysis found four behavioral patterns: (1) minor-only psychological perpetration and victimization; (2) no IPV; (3) minor–severe psychological, physical assault, and injury victimization, and minor-only psychological, physical, and injury perpetration; and (4) severe psychological, sexual, physical assault, and injury victimization and perpetration. Individuals who experienced and/or perpetrated all types experienced the greatest heterosexism at work, school, and in other contexts.

scholarly journals Day-Time Patterns of Carbohydrate Intake in Adults by Non-Parametric Multi-Level Latent Class Analysis—Results from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008/09–2015/16)

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2476
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Almoosawi ◽  
Palla
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
The Uk

This study aims at combining time and quantity of carbohydrate (CH) intake in the definition of eating patterns in UK adults and investigating the association of the derived patterns with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) Rolling Program included 6155 adults in the UK. Time of the day was categorized into 7 pre-defined time slots: 6–9 am, 9–12 noon, 12–2 pm, 2–5 pm, 5–8 pm, 8–10 pm, and 10 pm–6 am. Responses for CH intake were categorized into: no energy intake, CH <50% or ≥50% of total energy. Non-parametric multilevel latent class analysis (MLCA) was applied to identify eating patterns of CH consumption across day-time, as a novel method accounting for the repeated measurements of intake over 3–4 days nested within individuals. Survey-designed multivariable regression was used to assess the associations of CH eating patterns with T2D. Three CH eating day patterns (low, high CH percentage and frequent CH intake day) emerged from 24,483 observation days; based on which three classes of CH eaters were identified and characterized as: low (28.1%), moderate (28.8%) and high (43.1%) CH eaters. On average, low-CH eaters consumed the highest amount of total energy intake (7985.8 kJ) and had higher percentages of energy contributed by fat and alcohol, especially after 8 pm. Moderate-CH eaters consumed the lowest amount of total energy (7341.8 kJ) while they tended to have their meals later in the day. High-CH eaters consumed most of their carbohydrates and energy earlier in the day and within the time slots of 6–9 am, 12–2 pm and 5–8 pm, which correspond to traditional mealtimes. The high-CH eaters profile had the highest daily intake of CH and fiber and the lowest intake of protein and fat. Low-CH eaters had greater odds than high-CH eaters of having T2D in self-reported but not in previously undiagnosed diabetics. Further research using prospective longitudinal studies is warranted to ascertain the direction of causality in the association of CH patterns with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Comorbidity phenotypes and risk of mortality in patients with ischaemic heart disease in the UK

Heart ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 810-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Crowe ◽  
Dawit T Zemedikun ◽  
Kelvin Okoth ◽  
Nicola Jaime Adderley ◽  
Gavin Rudge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Musculoskeletal Conditions ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to use latent class analysis of up to 20 comorbidities in patients with a diagnosis of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) to identify clusters of comorbidities and to examine the associations between these clusters and mortality.MethodsLongitudinal analysis of electronic health records in the health improvement network (THIN), a UK primary care database including 92 186 men and women aged ≥18 years with IHD and a median of 2 (IQR 1–3) comorbidities.ResultsLatent class analysis revealed five clusters with half categorised as a low-burden comorbidity group. After a median follow-up of 3.2 (IQR 1.4–5.8) years, 17 645 patients died. Compared with the low-burden comorbidity group, two groups of patients with a high-burden of comorbidities had the highest adjusted HR for mortality: those with vascular and musculoskeletal conditions, HR 2.38 (95% CI 2.28 to 2.49) and those with respiratory and musculoskeletal conditions, HR 2.62 (95% CI 2.45 to 2.79). Hazards of mortality in two other groups of patients characterised by cardiometabolic and mental health comorbidities were also higher than the low-burden comorbidity group; HR 1.46 (95% CI 1.39 to 1.52) and 1.55 (95% CI 1.46 to 1.64), respectively.ConclusionsThis analysis has identified five distinct comorbidity clusters in patients with IHD that were differentially associated with risk of mortality. These analyses should be replicated in other large datasets, and this may help shape the development of future interventions or health services that take into account the impact of these comorbidity clusters.

Three-dimensional latent class analysis of atopic sensitization in the PASTURE birth cohort

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Hose ◽  
Markus Ege ◽  
Martin Depner ◽  
Charlotte Braun-Fahrländer ◽  
Juha Pekkanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Atopic Sensitization

scholarly journals Intimate partner violence against low-income women in Mexico City and associations with work-related disruptions: a latent class analysis using cross-sectional data

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 605-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhumka Gupta ◽  
Tiara C Willie ◽  
Courtney Harris ◽  
Paola Abril Campos ◽  
Kathryn L Falb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Work Related

BackgroundDisrupting women’s employment is a strategy that abusive partners could use to prevent women from maintaining economic independence and stability. Yet, few studies have investigated disruptions in employment among victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) in low-income and middle-income countries. Moreover, even fewer have sought to identify which female victims of IPV are most vulnerable to such disruptions.MethodsUsing baseline data from 947 women in Mexico City enrolled in a randomised controlled trial, multilevel latent class analysis (LCA) was used to classify women based on their reported IPV experiences. Furthermore, multilevel logistic regression analyses were performed on a subsample of women reporting current work (n=572) to investigate associations between LCA membership and IPV-related employment disruptions.ResultsOverall, 40.6% of women who were working at the time of the survey reported some form of work-related disruption due to IPV. LCA identified four distinct classes of IPV experiences: Low Physical and Sexual Violence (39.1%); High Sexual and Low Physical Violence class (9.6%); High Physical and Low Sexual Violence and Injuries (36.5%); High Physical and Sexual Violence and Injuries (14.8%). Compared with women in the Low Physical and Sexual Violence class, women in the High Physical and Sexual Violence and Injuries class and women in the High Physical and Low Sexual Violence and Injuries class were at greater risk of work disruption (adjusted relative risk (ARR) 2.44, 95% CI 1.80 to 3.29; ARR 2.05, 95% CI 1.56 to 2.70, respectively). No other statistically significant associations emerged.ConclusionIPV, and specific patterns of IPV experiences, must be considered both in work settings and, more broadly, by economic development programmes.Trial registration numberNCT01661504.

Using Latent Class Analysis to Explore Subtypes of Youth Who Have Committed Sexual Offenses

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Brown
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Direct Practice ◽  
Sexual Offenses ◽  
Person Centered Approach

Attempts to identify typologies of youth who have committed sexual offenses have been challenged by their overlapping characteristics with youth who have committed nonsexual crimes, as well as methodological limitations that make the results difficult to translate into direct practice. In the current study, a technical new way of identifying subtypes of these young people was proposed using latent class analysis, a person-centered approach that allows categorical subtypes to be revealed by the data rather than hypothesized differences based on individual factors. The indicators included in this analysis were sexual behaviors only, thereby eliminating any overlap with general delinquents. In a sample of 573 male youth between the ages of 11 and 20 ( M = 16.75, SD = 1.72), four unique classes were identified. Research implications are offered.

scholarly journals Latent Class Analysis in Depression, Including Clinical and Functional Variables: Evidence of a Complex Depressive Subtype in Primary Care in Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Verónica Vitriol ◽  
Alfredo Cancino ◽  
Carlos Serrano ◽  
Soledad Ballesteros ◽  
Marcela Ormazábal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Latent Class Models ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Depressed Patients

Objective. To establish differentiated depressive subtypes using a latent class analysis (LCA), including clinical and functional indicators in a sample of depressed patients consulted in Chilean Primary Health Care. Methods. A LCA was performed on a sample of 297 depressed patients consulted in Chilean PHC. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Outcome Questionnaire -social role, and interpersonal subscales were as instruments. A regression analysis of the different subtypes with sociodemographic and adverse life experiences was performed. Results. In a sample characterized by 87.5% of women, two, three, and four latent class models were obtained. The three-class model likely represents the best clinical implications. In this model, the classes were labeled: “complex depression” (CD) (58% of the sample), “recurrent depression” (RD) (34%), and “single depression episode” (SD) (8%). Members of CD showed a higher probability of history of suicide attempts, interpersonal, and social dysfunction. Psychiatric comorbidities differentiated the RD from SD. According to a multinomial regression model, childhood trauma experiences, recent stressful life experiences, and intimate partner violence events were associated with the CD class ( p < 0.01 ). Limitations. The vast majority of participants were females from Chile and the sample studied was not random. So, the results may not necessarily represent outpatient clinics. Conclusions. This study can provide additional evidence that depression, specifically in female gender, could be better understood as a complex heterogeneous disorder when clinical and functional indicators are studied. Furthermore, adverse life experiences starting in childhood could lead to a differentiated complex depressive subtype.

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