Markers of atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in pediatric patients: correlation with filaggrin, eosinophil major basic protein and immunoglobulin E

Over the past decades, the first breakthrough milestone in the treatment of severe forms of atopic dermatitis (AD) has been targeted therapy aimed at inhibiting IL-4 and IL-13. This was made possible thanks to advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of AD, the driver of which is the Th2-type immune response, which also underlies such manifestations of atopy as bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, and polynosis. In the case of the Th2-type immune response, cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 are secreted, which are the main promoters of the inflammatory response in AD. Inhibition of IL-4 and IL-13 leads to the prevention of inflammation and is an effective approach to therapy. The use of therapy aimed at inhibition of cytokines allows you to effectively cope with the manifestations of severe and moderately severe blood pressure.

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Normal Saline Solution Nasal-Pharyngeal Irrigation Improves Chronic Cough Associated with Allergic Rhinitis

American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy ◽

10.2500/ajra.2017.31.4418 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 96-104 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Lin Lin ◽

Zhongchun Chen ◽

Yitan Cao ◽

Guangbin Sun

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

House Dust ◽

House Dust Mite ◽

Chronic Cough ◽

Saline Solution ◽

Basic Protein ◽

Leukotriene C4 ◽

Major Basic Protein ◽

Leicester Cough Questionnaire ◽

Dust Mite

Background Upper airway inflammation is one of the most commonly identified causes of chronic cough, although the underlying mechanism is not clear. This study compared normal saline solution nasal-pharyngeal irrigation (NSNPI) and fluticasone propionate nasal spray (FPNS) treatment for chronic cough associated with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods Patients with suspected AR to house-dust mite were enrolled, and the symptom of cough was assessed by a cough symptom score and the Leicester Cough Questionnaire, and cough response to capsaicin was evaluated. AR was assessed by using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the Mini Juniper Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (MiniRQLQ). Mediators, including histamine, leukotriene C4, and prostaglandin D2, and the major basic protein from nasal lavage fluid (NLF) were examined. The patients were treated with NSNPI (the NSNPI group) or FPNS (the FPNS group) for 30 days, after which they were reassessed. Results Forty-five of 50 patients completed this study. The scores of the cough symptom and the Leicester Cough Questionnaire, and the capsaicin cough threshold all improved statistically after NSNPI but did not change after FPNS. There were statistically significant changes in the evaluations of the MiniRQLQ and the mediators, including histamine and leukotriene C4, in the NLF in the NSNPI group. However, significant changes were found in the assessments of VAS, MiniRQLQ, and all above mediators including histamine, leukotriene C4, and prostaglandin D2, and the major basic protein in the NLF of the FPNS group. Furthermore, the assessments of VAS and all the mediators were reduced more in the FPNS group compared with those in the NSNPI group. Conclusion The patients with suspected AR to house-dust mite reported a better relief of the cough symptom after 30 days of treatment with NSNPI compared with that after nasal corticosteroid.

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The proform of eosinophil major basic protein: a new maternal serum marker for Down syndrome

Prenatal Diagnosis ◽

10.1002/(sici)1097-0223(199910)19:10<905::aid-pd658>3.0.co;2-q ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 19 (10) ◽

pp. 905-910 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Michael Christiansen ◽

Claus Oxvig ◽

Jill M. Wagner ◽

Qiu-Ping Qin ◽

Tri H. Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Down Syndrome ◽

Basic Protein ◽

Protein A ◽

Serum Marker ◽

Maternal Serum ◽

Major Basic Protein ◽

Eosinophil Major Basic Protein

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The Effect of Purified Human Eosinophil Major Basic Protein on Mammalian Ciliary Activity1–3

American Review of Respiratory Disease ◽

10.1164/arrd.1987.135.4.848 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 135 (4) ◽

pp. 848-853 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Annette T. Hastie ◽

David A. Loegering ◽

Gerald J. Gleich ◽

Friedrich Kueppers

Keyword(s):

Basic Protein ◽

Major Basic Protein ◽

Human Eosinophil ◽

Eosinophil Major Basic Protein

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Role of Superantigens in Allergic Inflammation: Their Relationship to Allergic Rhinitis, Chronic Rhinosinusitis, Asthma, and Atopic Dermatitis

American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy ◽

10.1177/1945892418801083 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (6) ◽

pp. 502-517 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Nuray Bayar Muluk ◽

Fazilet Altın ◽

Cemal Cingi

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Inflammatory Response ◽

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Allergic Inflammation ◽

Allergic Dermatitis

Objectives Our intention was to review all material published to date regarding superantigens (SAgs) and allergy from an otorhinolaryngological viewpoint to understand this association more clearly. Methods We identified all materials published mentioning both SAg and allergic rhinitis (AR), chronic sinusitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis (AD) that are indexed on PubMed, Google, or the ProQuest Central databases. Results Staphylococcus aureus is a significant bacterial pathogen in humans and has the ability to produce enterotoxins with superantigenic features. The inflammatory response in allergy seen in both B cell and T cell may be attributed to SAgs. Sufferers of both allergic asthma with rhinitis and AR alone produce serological evidence of immunoglobulin E formation to SAgs produced by S. aureus. Perennial AR sufferers carry S. aureus more frequently and the presence of the organism within the nasal cavity may exacerbate perennial AR. SAg produced by S. aureus potentially worsens the asthmatic inflammatory response within the airway and may lead to the airways becoming hyperresponsive, as well as possibly activating T cells if asthmatic control is poor. Staphylococcal SAgs potentially increase the risk of developing chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, additionally being a marker for more severe disease. If SAgs bring about chronic inflammatory responses in the nose and sinuses, then T cells excreting interferon-gamma may be a crucial mediator. In allergic dermatitis, S. aureus could be a key player in exacerbation of the condition. Even in younger pediatric patients with allergic dermatitis, allergic hypersensitivity to SAgs is frequent and may be a factor explaining how severe the condition becomes. Conclusion Just as SAgs are known to feature in many allergic conditions, they play their part in AR, chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma, and AD. Further research is required before the relationship between SAgs and allergy can be adequately explained.

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APPLICATION OF VITAMIN D IN DIFFERENT DOSAGE TO TREAT CHILDREN WITH ALLERGIC DISEASES

Wiadomości Lekarskie ◽

10.36740/wlek202007114 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (7) ◽

pp. 1377-1383

Author(s):

Olexandra V. Tiazhka ◽

Zoriana V. Selska

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Blood Serum ◽

Bronchial Asthma ◽

Vitamin D3 ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Acute Disease ◽

Disease Remission ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Doses

The aim: To study the dynamics of the level of 25(ОН)D, ІL-4, ІL-10, and IgG in the blood serum of children with allergic diseases and to study the clinical effect of vitamin D3 administration n different dosage in this category of patients. Materials and methods: 153 children aged 3-16 with such allergic diseases as bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis have been examined. The level of 25(ОН) D was determined using the electrochemiluminescence method, while the levels of ІL-4, ІL-10 and IgG were assessed using enzyme-linked immunoassay. Results: In the contrasting of the initial level of 25(ОН)D in the blood serum of patients after administration of 2,000 IU of vitamin D3 over 2 months, after summer and after treatment with cholecalciferol in higher doses (4,000–5,000 IU) over 2 months, significant difference was established between the indicators by the Friedman criterion (λ2 = 41.211; P < 0.05). In the similar contrasting of ІL-4 indicators, a significant difference between them was traced (P < 0.05) in the period of acute disease as well as the downward tendency in the period of remission. In the similar contrasting of ІL-10 indicators, a significant difference between them was traced (P < 0.05) in the acute period and in the period of disease remission. In the similar contrasting of IgG indicators, a downward tendency was traced in the period of acute disease and significant decrease (P < 0.05) – in the period of disease remission. In the contrasting of 25(ОН)D and ІL-4, ІL-10 figures a strong reverse correlation relationship was traced. The therapeutic effect of the administration of vitamin D3 medication in different doses in children with allergic diseases was traced. Conclusions: The data obtained shows that in the treatment of children with bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis the complex therapy should include vitamin D3 medications in different doses within a long-term course of treatment.

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An Association of Absolute Eosinophil Count, Serum Immunoglobulin E, and Spirometry with Comorbid Bronchial Asthma in the Patients of Allergic Rhinitis

Clinical Rhinology An International Journal ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10013-1343 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (2-3) ◽

pp. 33-35

Author(s):

Padmanabhan Karthikeyan ◽

Neelima Vijayan ◽

Davis T Pulimoottil ◽

Nirmal C Venkataramanujam ◽

Ramiya R Kaipuzha

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Bronchial Asthma ◽

Eosinophil Count ◽

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Serum Immunoglobulin ◽

Absolute Eosinophil Count

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Localization of eosinophils to airway nerves and effect on neuronal M2 muscarinic receptor function

AJP Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajplung.1997.273.1.l93 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 273 (1) ◽

pp. L93-L103 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

R. W. Costello ◽

B. H. Schofield ◽

G. M. Kephart ◽

G. J. Gleich ◽

D. B. Jacoby ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Guinea Pigs ◽

Acetylcholine Release ◽

Basic Protein ◽

Receptor Function ◽

Major Basic Protein ◽

Parasympathetic Nerves ◽

M2 Muscarinic Receptor ◽

Fatal Asthma ◽

Eosinophil Major Basic Protein ◽

M2 Muscarinic Receptors

Neuronal M2 muscarinic receptors inhibit acetylcholine release from pulmonary parasympathetic nerves but are dysfunctional in antigen-challenged animals and asthmatics. Deletion of pulmonary eosinophils protects M2 receptor function in antigen-challenged guinea pigs. Therefore, the association of eosinophils with airway nerves was investigated. Nerve-associated eosinophils were significantly increased in challenged animals compared with controls (0.75 +/- 0.05 vs. 0.28 +/- 0.05 eosinophils/nerve). In antigen-challenged animals, eosinophil density was greatest around airway nerves, suggesting recruitment to the nerves. M2 receptor function was inversely correlated with the number of eosinophils per nerve, thus eosinophils are associated with airway nerves in antigen-challenged guinea pigs, where they impair M2 receptor function. In airways from three patients with fatal asthma, 196 of 637 eosinophils (30%) were associated with nerves, and release of eosinophil major basic protein was evident; conversely, in three control patients 1 of 11 (9%) eosinophils were in contact with nerves. Thus eosinophils and their granule proteins are also seen in association with airway nerves in patients with asthma.

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