scholarly journals Intimate partner violence and associated factors among reproductive age women during COVID-19 pandemic in Southern Ethiopia, 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Shitu ◽  
Alex Yeshaneh ◽  
Haimanot Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rural Residence ◽  
Reproductive Age Women

Abstract Background World health organization (WHO) defines intimate partner violence (IPV) is physical, sexual, or emotional abuse by an intimate partner or ex-partner or spouse to a woman. From all forms of violence, ~ 1.3 million people worldwide die each year, accounting for 2.5% of global mortality. During the COVID-19 crisis, control and prevention measures have brought women and potential perpetrators together which increase the risk of IPV. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of IPV against women during COVID-19 in Ethiopia. Methods Community based cross-section study was employed among 462 reproductive-age women to assess IPV and associated factors during COVID-19 pandemic. To select study participants one-stage cluster sampling technique was used. The data were entered into Epi data version 4.2 and exported to SPSS for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analysis was used to check the association of dependent and independent variables and statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05. Result A total of 448 study subjects were responded making a response rate of 96.97%. Two- third (67.6%) of the respondent's age range was between 20 and 29 years. All of the participants heard about the pandemic of COVID-19 at the time of onset. The lifetime and the last twelve months prevalence of women with IPV was 42.19% and 24.11%, respectively. About 58 (12.9%) had experienced all three types of violence. Participants age ≥ 35 (AOR = 2.02; 95% CI: 1.99–4.29), rural residence (AOR = 3.04; 95% CI: 2.59–6.25), husband’s educational status of diploma and above (AOR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.14–0.83), COVID-19 pandemic (AOR = 4.79; 95% CI: 1.13–6.86), and low social support (AOR = 3.23; 95% CI: 1.99–6.23) were independent predictors. Conclusions In this study two in five women undergo one type of violence in their lifetime. The occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic has its impact on violence. Age ≥ 35, rural residence, husband’s educational status of diploma and above, history of child death, COVID-19 pandemic, and low social support were independent predictors of violence. This implies insight to concerned bodies like policymakers and stakeholders to design appropriate policies to avert this magnitude and making zero tolerance for violence in society.

scholarly journals Intimate partner violence against reproductive-age women and associated factors in Peru: Evidence from national surveys, 2015-2017

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. e07478
Author(s):  
Ruth M. Burgos-Muñoz ◽  
Anderson N. Soriano-Moreno ◽  
Guido Bendezu-Quispe ◽  
Diego Urrunaga-Pastor ◽  
Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Reproductive Age Women

scholarly journals Spatial distribution and determinants of intimate partner violence among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: Spatial and Multilevel analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dessie Abebaw Angaw ◽  
Alemakef Wagnew Melesse ◽  
Bisrat Misganaw Geremew ◽  
Getayeneh Antehunegn Tesema
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Multilevel Analysis ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
P Value ◽  
Public Health Programs ◽  
Reproductive Age Women

Abstract Background Intimate partner violence is a serious global public health problem particularly in low-and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia where women's empowerment is limited. Despite the high prevalence of intimate partner violence in Ethiopia, there is limited evidence on the spatial distribution and determinants of intimate partner violence among reproductive-age women. Exploring the spatial distribution of intimate partner violence is crucial to identify hotspot areas of intimate partner violence to design targeted health care interventions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution and determinants of intimate partner violence among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia. Methods A secondary data analysis was done based on the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data. A total weighted sample of 6090 reproductive-age women were included in the study. The spatial scan statistical analysis was done to identify the significant hotspot areas of intimate partner violence. A multilevel binary logistic regression analysis was fitted to identify significant determinants of intimate partner violence. Deviance, Intra-cluster Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Median Odds Ratio, and Proportional Change in Variance (PCV) were used for model comparison as well as for checking model fitness. Variables with a p-value less than 0.2 were considered in the multivariable analysis. In the multivariable multilevel analysis, the Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were reported to declare statistical significance and strength of association between intimate partner violence and independent variables. Results The spatial analysis revealed that the spatial distribution of intimate partner violence was significantly varied across the country (Moran’s I = 0.1007, p-value < 0.0001). The SaTScan analysis identified a total of 192 significant clusters, of these 181 were primary clusters located in the Benishangul-Gumuz, Gambella, northwest Amhara, and west Oromia regions. In the multivariable multilevel analysis; women aged 45–49 years (AOR = 2.79, 95% CI 1.52–5.10), women attained secondary education (AOR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.38–0.98), women in the richest household (AOR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.35–0.97), > 10 family size (AOR = 3.85, 95% CI 1.41–10.54), and high community women empowerment (AOR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.49–0.8)) were significantly associated with intimate partner violence. Conclusions Intimate partner violence among reproductive-age women had significant spatial variation across the country. Women's age, education status, family size, community women empowerment, and wealth status were found significant determinants of intimate partner violence. Therefore, public health programs should design targeted interventions in identified hot spot areas to reduce the incidence of intimate partner violence. Besides, health programmers should scale up public health programs designed to enhance women's autonomy to reduce the incidence of intimate partner violence and its consequences.

Association of dowry practices with perceived marital life and intimate partner violence

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 2298-2303
Author(s):  
Tazeen Saeed Ali ◽  
Neesha Hussain ◽  
Shah Zeb ◽  
Asli Kulane
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
World Health ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Psychological Violence ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To understand the perceptions of women about the influence of dowry customs on their marital life and on intimate partner violence (IPV) in a marriage. Method: This was a cross-sectional study on married women of reproductive age in Karachi, Pakistan between 2008 and 2009. Data was collected through a reliable questionnaire developed by World Health Organization, which was validated at local context and has been translated in to Urdu and then back translated in to English. Results: This study found that women whose marriages were decided conditionally on the provision of dowry to the groom’s family reported it to have had a positive impact on marital life (aOR: 11.5). Consenting to a marriage was positively associated with positive marital life (aOR: 36.8), as was the case when the marriage was contingent on dowry to be given to the groom’s family (aOR: 10.4). Provision of a dowry was not protective from physical (aOR: 3.7), sexual (aOR: 3.7), or psychological violence (aOR: 8.9). Conclusion: Dowry practices exist in Pakistani culture, despite the fact that dowry wives experience IPV. However, women perceive that the provision of dowry to groom’s family has a positive impact on marital life. In the immediate future, to protect women in and entering into marriage, there should be a strengthening of women’s organizations to provide legal, social and medical supports to women in need as well as the training of medical and paramedical professionals to recognize and respond to IPV.  Continuous...

scholarly journals Prevalence, associated factors, and disclosure of intimate partner violence among mothers in rural Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Stake ◽  
Saifuddin Ahmed ◽  
Wietse Tol ◽  
Salahuddin Ahmed ◽  
Nazma Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
The Past

Abstract Background The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence and associated factors of physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) among married women of reproductive age in a rural population in northeast Bangladesh. In addition, we examined women’s sharing and disclosure of violence experience with others. Methods This cross-sectional study uses data from a household survey of 3966 women conducted in 2014 in the Sylhet District of Bangladesh. Interviews were completed in respondent’s homes by trained local female interviewers. Results Twenty-nine percent (28.8%, 95% CI 27.4–30.3%) of the women reported ever experiencing physical or sexual IPV by their spouse; 13.2% (95% CI 12.1–14.3%) reported physical or sexual IPV in the past year. Of the 13.2%, 10.1% (95% CI 9.2–11.1%) reported experiencing physical IPV and 4.6% (95% CI 4.0–5.3%) reported sexual IPV. In a combined model, the adjusted odds of having experienced physical or sexual IPV in the past year were higher for women who were raised in households with history of IPV (AOR = 4.35, 95% CI 3.26–5.80); women with no formal education (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.30–2.37); women whose husbands had no formal education (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.22–2.17); Muslim (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.03–2.57); women younger than age 30 (AOR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.11–2.12); and women who were members of an NGO or microcredit financial organization (AOR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.04–1.82). Wealth, parity, number of household members, and pregnancy status (pregnant, postpartum, neither pregnant nor postpartum) were not associated with physical or sexual IPV after adjusting for other factors. Data on disclosure was available for women who reported experiencing physical violence in the last year; only 31.8% of victims told someone about the violence they had experienced and 1% reported to police, clerics, health workers, or a counselor altogether. Conclusions In rural northeast Bangladesh, a high proportion of women of reproductive age experience physical or sexual IPV. Women do not often speak of these experiences, especially to anyone outside of family. Interventions aimed at preventing future IPV and addressing current IPV should focus on women who witnessed IPV in childhood, as well as younger women and less educated couples. Trial registration This study was registered as a Clinical Trial (Identifier: NCT01702402). https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01702402

scholarly journals Intimate Partner Violence and Associated Factors among Married Women live in Hosanna Town, Southern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tigist Temesgen ◽  
Kedir Teji ◽  
Merga Dheresa ◽  
Agezegn Asegid
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Cultural Difference ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Southern Ethiopia

Abstract ABSTRACT Background: Intimate partner violence is a problem of pandemic proportion affecting majority of world women the literature shows that pattern and underlying cause of women violence have socio-demographic and cultural difference is common in most parts of Ethiopia. To best of investigator knowledge no studies done on intimate partner violence on married women of reproductive age group in the study area. Therefore the aim of this study is to assess the intimate partner violence prevalence and its associated factors. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study design was used from March 1-15/2019 among 602 married women of Hosanna town Sothern Ethiopia. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select the study samples. Data were collected using pretested structured questionnaire, data entered into Epi-data version 3.1 software and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Binary and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with intimate partner violence. Results: The prevalence of overall intimate partner violence among married women was 58.8 %( 54.8-62.4). Of which 45.3% reported psychological violence, while 38.1% of participant reported sexual violence. Partners who drink alcohol [(AOR= 1.44, 95%CI=1.133-2.09)], Partner’s smoke cigarettes [(AOR=4.16,CI=2.117-8.20)], partner’s experience of Fighting habit with other people [(AOR=1.56 CI=1.06-2.29),Has another wife[(AOR=1.60 CI=1.09- 2.36)],low wealth index household [(AOR= 2.97 CI=1.41-6.27)], and medium wealth index households [(AOR=2.636 CI=1.173-5.920)] were significantly associated with intimate partner violence. Conclusion: Study indicated that prevalence of intimate partner violence found to be high and affected by various factors. The problem sought harmonious urgent attention at all levels of societal hierarchy including policymakers, local leader, institutions and local community gathering and structures. Key words : Intimate partner violence, associated factors, women, Hossana, Ethiopia

scholarly journals Magnitude of Intimate Partner Violence and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Girmay Adhena ◽  
Lemessa Oljira ◽  
Yadeta Dessie ◽  
Hagos Degefa Hidru
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
World Health ◽  
Major Public Health Problem

Background. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy is the most common and major public health problem and human rights issue worldwide and has a negative effect on the lives of both mother and fetus. Despite its prominence, this issue has received little attention in Ethiopia as well as many sub-Saharan African countries. This study assessed the magnitude of intimate partner violence and associated factors among pregnant women in Ofla District, Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to 30, 2019, among 543 pregnant women who visited antenatal care in the health facilities. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Pretested, interviewer-administered data collection was done using a standardized World Health Organization multicountry questionnaire for women’s health and domestic violence against women. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were carried out to identify factors associated with violence. p value was set at p<0.05. Results. The overall prevalence of intimate partner violence during the current pregnancy was 37.5%: psychological (25.1%), sexual (17.7%), and physical violence (13.4%). Violence was associated with unplanned pregnancy ((AOR = 4.56, 95% CI: (2, 10.28)), unmarried women ((AOR = 2.59, 95% CI: (1.18, 5.73)), having alcoholic partner ((AOR = 3.3, 95% CI: (2.1, 5.16)), spouse’s multiple sexual partners status ((AOR = 5.1, 95% CI: (2.2, 12)), acceptance of violence by women ((AOR = 1.85, 95% CI: (1.1, 3.16)), low decision-making power of women ((AOR = 2.64, 95% CI: (1.6, 4.3)), and no interest in current pregnancy by partner ((AOR = 5.9, 95% CI: (2.36, 14.9)). Conclusions. More than one-third of pregnant women experienced intimate partner violence during a recent pregnancy. This is high and may lead to health consequences for both mothers and fetuses. Addressing gender inequitable norms, the culture of silence (support) to intimate partner violence in the community and women’s reproductive health information through intervention measures are very important to minimize the problem.

Effects of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) on Treatment Specific Social Support among HIV+ Women of Color

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Sullivan ◽  
E. Byrd Quinlivan ◽  
Andrea L. Blickman ◽  
Lynne C. Messer ◽  
Adaora A. Adimora
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Women Of Color ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Hiv Women

Childhood Witnessing of Intimate Partner Violence: The Role of Social Support

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Owen ◽  
M. Thompson ◽  
M. Mitchell ◽  
S. Kennebrew ◽  
A. Paranjape ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner

Intimate Partner Violence and its Association With Contraceptive Use Among Women in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (Spring 2019) ◽  
pp. 157-173
Author(s):  
Kashif Siddique ◽  
Rubeena Zakar ◽  
Ra’ana Malik ◽  
Naveeda Farhat ◽  
Farah Deeba
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Odds Ratios

The aim of this study is to find the association between Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and contraceptive use among married women in Pakistan. The analysis was conducted by using cross sectional secondary data from every married women of reproductive age 15-49 years who responded to domestic violence module (N = 3687) of the 2012-13 Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey. The association between contraceptive use (outcome variable) and IPV was measured by calculating unadjusted odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals using simple binary logistic regression and multivariable binary logistic regression. The result showed that out of 3687 women, majority of women 2126 (57.7%) were using contraceptive in their marital relationship. Among total, 1154 (31.3%) women experienced emotional IPV, 1045 (28.3%) women experienced physical IPV and 1402 (38%) women experienced both physical and emotional IPV together respectively. All types of IPV was significantly associated with contraceptive use and women who reported emotional IPV (AOR 1.44; 95% CI 1.23, 1.67), physical IPV (AOR 1.41; 95% CI 1.20, 1.65) and both emotional and physical IPV together (AOR 1.49; 95% CI 1.24, 1.72) were more likely to use contraceptives respectively. The study revealed that women who were living in violent relationship were more likely to use contraceptive in Pakistan. Still there is a need for women reproductive health services and government should take initiatives to promote family planning services, awareness and access to contraceptive method options for women to reduce unintended or mistimed pregnancies that occurred in violent relationships.

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