scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors of gammaherpesvirus infection in domestic cats in Central Europe

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Ertl ◽  
Melanie Korb ◽  
Ines Langbein-Detsch ◽  
Dieter Klein
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Domestic Cats

scholarly journals Prevalence of Haemoplasma Infections in Stray Cats in Northern Italy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Spada ◽  
Daniela Proverbio ◽  
Paola Galluzzo ◽  
Alessandra Della Pepa ◽  
Giada Bagnagatti De Giorgi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Stray Cat

This study investigated the prevalence of feline haemoplasma infections in a number of stray cat colonies in Milan, Northern Italy. Blood samples from 260 stray cats were evaluated, with conventional PCR, for the presence of DNA associated with Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf) and “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum” (CMhm). Odd ratios (OR) were calculated to identify risk factors for haemoplasma infections. PCR was positive in 86 out of 260 subjects (33.1%), with a prevalence of 10.8% (28/260 cats) for Mhf and 22.3% (58/260 cats) for CMhm. No coinfections were registered. There were significant associations between infections and season of sampling, that is, a negative association between winter sampling and a haemoplasma positive status (OR=0.29, P=0.001), or CMhm positive status (OR=0.29, P=0.01). Haemoplasma infections are common in stray cats in Milan. Thus, domestic cats with outdoor access should be routinely monitored and treated for ectoparasites to minimize risks of disease acquisition. Moreover, as these infections are transmitted via blood, feline blood donors from this area should be screened by PCR and preferably be drawn from a population of indoor cats regularly treated for fleas.

scholarly journals Ancestors of domestic cats in Neolithic Central Europe: Isotopic evidence of a synanthropic diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (30) ◽  
pp. 17710-17719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Krajcarz ◽  
Maciej T. Krajcarz ◽  
Mateusz Baca ◽  
Chris Baumann ◽  
Wim Van Neer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Isotopic Signature ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Late Neolithic ◽  
Early Farmers

Cat remains from Poland dated to 4,200 to 2,300 y BCE are currently the earliest evidence for the migration of the Near Eastern cat (NE cat), the ancestor of domestic cats, into Central Europe. This early immigration preceded the known establishment of housecat populations in the region by around 3,000 y. One hypothesis assumed that NE cats followed the migration of early farmers as synanthropes. In this study, we analyze the stable isotopes in six samples of Late Neolithic NE cat bones and further 34 of the associated fauna, including the European wildcat. We approximate the diet and trophic ecology of Late Neolithic felids in a broad context of contemporary wild and domestic animals and humans. In addition, we compared the ecology of Late Neolithic NE cats with the earliest domestic cats known from the territory of Poland, dating to the Roman Period. Our results reveal that human agricultural activity during the Late Neolithic had already impacted the isotopic signature of rodents in the ecosystem. These synanthropic pests constituted a significant proportion of the NE cat’s diet. Our interpretation is that Late Neolithic NE cats were opportunistic synanthropes, most probably free-living individuals (i.e., not directly relying on a human food supply). We explore niche partitioning between studied NE cats and the contemporary native European wildcats. We find only minor differences between the isotopic ecology of both these taxa. We conclude that, after the appearance of the NE cat, both felid taxa shared the ecological niches.

scholarly journals A Molecular Survey on Neglected Gurltia paralysans and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus Infections in Domestic Cats (Felis catus) from Southern Chile

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1195
Author(s):  
Natasha Barrios ◽  
Marcelo Gómez ◽  
Macarena Zanelli ◽  
Lisbeth Rojas-Barón ◽  
Paulina Sepúlveda-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus ◽  
Factors Associated

Gurltia paralysans and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus are neglected metastrongyloid nematode species which infect domestic and wild cats in South American countries and in Chile, but no epidemiological studies on concomitant infections have been conducted in Chile so far. The aim of this study was not only to evaluate the occurrence of concomitant infections, but also to identify epidemiological risk factors associated with of G. paralysans and A. abstrusus infections in urban domestic cats (Felis catus) from Southern Chile. Blood samples from clinically healthy domestic cats from three cities of Southern Chile—Temuco, Valdivia, and Puerto Montt—were analyzed by an experimental semi-nested PCR protocol. A total of 171 apparently healthy domestic cats in Temuco (n = 68), Valdivia (n = 50), and Puerto Montt (n = 53) were sampled and analyzed. A total of 93 domestic cats (54.4%) were positive for G. paralysans, and 34 (19.9%) were positive for A. abstrusus infections. From those animals, 34 (19.9%) were co-infected. Cats positive with G. paralysans were found in all three cities; 47.2% in Puerto Montt, 48% in Valdivia, and 64.7% in Temuco. Levels of infection for A. abstrusus in the population under study were 4% (Valdivia), 10% (Puerto Montt), and 32.4% (Temuco). The present large-scale epidemiological study confirmed the presence of these neglected nematodes in domestic cat populations in Southern Chile, and described the possible risk factors associated with feline gurltiosis and aelurostrongylosis.

scholarly journals Bartonella henselae prevalence in domestic cats in California: risk factors and association between bacteremia and antibody titers.

1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 2445-2450 ◽  
Author(s):  
B B Chomel ◽  
R C Abbott ◽  
R W Kasten ◽  
K A Floyd-Hawkins ◽  
P H Kass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bartonella Henselae ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Antibody Titers

Abstract P389: Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Risk Prediction in Educational Classes across European Regions, in the MORGAM Project Populations

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco M Ferrario ◽  
Giovanni Veronesi ◽  
Lloyd E Chambless ◽  
Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe ◽  
Kari Kuulasmaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
High Education ◽  
Risk Prediction ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
East Europe ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Score Risk ◽  
European Populations ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Aims: Although socioeconomic status is a recognized independent risk factor for CVD mortality, the recommended European risk prediction equation for primary prevention does not consider it; an approach criticized by previous results in the UK and US. We aim to assess whether the SCORE project equation adequately estimates the risk in different educational classes, across several European populations. Methods: We considered 47 prospective population-based surveys from Nordic Countries (Finland, Denmark, Sweden), UK (Belfast and Scotland), Central Europe (France, Germany and Italy) and East Europe (Lithuania, Poland) and Russia. Baseline data collection and mortality follow-up (median time 10 years) adhered to standardized MONICA-like procedures. Three educational classes were derived from population-, sex- and birth year-specific tertiles of years of schooling. The individual SCORE risk was computed from age, total cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and smoking; the risk was recalibrated to the average observed risk in each population. We estimated age- and traditional risk factors-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for 10 year CVD mortality (highest education as the reference), from Cox models. Moreover, the observed number of fatal CVD events by educational class was compared to the expected number, as estimated by the recalibrated SCORE function. Results: The cohorts summed-up 39,215 men and 29,240 women 40 to 64 years old and free from CVD event at baseline. Education was associated with CVD mortality in men (pooled age-adjusted HR for low vs high education: 1.6, 95% CI 1.4–1.9); the hazard ratios ranged from 1.3 (95%CI: 0.9–1.8) in Central Europe to 2.1 (1.6–2.7) in East Europe and Russia. The association attenuated after adjustment for SCORE risk factors and HDL-cholesterol. Among women, the association was significant in Nordic Countries only (age-adjusted HR for low vas high education: 1.7, 95% CI 1.1–2.6), but it was no more significant after adjustment for multiple risk factors. The original SCORE equation overestimated the risk at a population level, both in men and in women, except in East Europe and Russia. After recalibration, the SCORE equation overestimated the risk among the more educated men by 20% to 50% (in Central Europe, East Europe and Russia, respectively), but underestimated it in the less educated men by 7% to 23% (in Central Europe, East Europe and Russia, respectively). Conclusions: Our results, based on a well-harmonized study comprising several European populations, suggest the need to include country-specific socioeconomic status in the risk estimation equations.

scholarly journals Risk factors for gastric dilatation and volvulus in central Europe: an internet survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 578-587
Author(s):  
I. Uhrikova ◽  
K. Machackova ◽  
L. Rauserova-Lexmaulova ◽  
E. Janova ◽  
J. Doubek
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Gastric Dilatation

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at Hawassa University comprehensive specialized and Yirgalem General Hospitals, in Southern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Demissie Assegu Fenta
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Intrauterine Death ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Unpasteurized Milk ◽  
Antenatal Clinics ◽  
Undercooked Meat

Abstract Background Toxoplasmosis is caused by infection with the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. It is acquired by consumption of raw or undercooked meat containing tissue cyst, food or water contaminated with oocyst and congenital infection through the placenta leading to serious congenital abnormalities in the fetus like miscarriage, stillbirth, intrauterine death and neurologic defects. Therefore; this study was aimed to determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis infection and its possible risk factors associated with pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Hawassa and Yiregalem Hospitals, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2016 to May 2017. The study was done in antenatal care clinics of Hawassa and Yiregalem Hospitals in Southern, Ethiopia. Five hundred pregnant women were interviewed with a pretested structured questionnaire to collect risk factors and socio-demographic data. Blood samples were collected and serum was separated and tested for anti- Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 statistical software. The risk factors were tested for significance using Bivariate and multivariate analysis. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The weighted prevalence of this study was 81.8% for the anti- Toxoplasma gondii antibody. Almost all participants (99.6%) had no information about the disease. A significant association was observed between seroprevalence and contact with domestic cats (OR = 1.206, 95% CI (1.627–2.206, P = 0.043), consumption of raw meat (OR = 0.848, 95% CI: 1.517–2.941, P = 0.019) and unpasteurized milk (OR = 0.871, 95% CI 1.531–2.221, P = 0.032). A significant association was not observed between seroprevalence and age, history of abortion, and blood transfusion. Conclusions The findings of this study demonstrated a relatively higher prevalence of seropositivity than studies reported from other countries. Existence of domestic cats at home, consumption of undercooked meat and unpasteurized milk were identified as risk factors for T. gondii infection. Therefore, a health education program to increase the mother’s knowledge about toxoplasmosis towards avoiding eating undercooked meat, contact with cats and consumption of unpasteurized milk during pregnancy is recommended. Furthermore, our results suggested that the implementation of newborn screening and follow-up testing can lead to reducing of toxoplasmosis associated complications.

scholarly journals Acute Cytauxzoon felis Cases in Domestic Cats from Eastern Kansas, a Retrospective Case-Control Study (2006–2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Yvonne M. Wikander ◽  
Qing Kang ◽  
Kathryn E. Reif
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Unrelated Control ◽  
Cytauxzoon Felis

Cytauxzoon felis, a tick-borne hemoprotozoal pathogen of felids, causes an acute, often-fatal disease in domestic cats. While public awareness of the disease has increased, few studies have evaluated the incidence of acute cytauxzoonosis cases and their associated risk factors. The objective of this study was to retrospectively review records of cats diagnosed with acute cytauxzoonosis in eastern Kansas from 2006–2019 using clinic records and determine: (i) feline cytauxzoonosis risk factors; and (ii) if cytauxzoonosis case incidence is increasing. Although inter-annual variation of acute cytauxzoonosis diagnosis was observed in the eastern Kansas domestic cat population, the overall incidence trend remained largely unchanged over the 14-year case review period. In comparison to ill (C. felis-unrelated) control cases, more acute cytauxzoonosis cases were diagnosed in spring and summer, suggesting a seasonal fluctuation of infection, with samples most commonly submitted from ≥1 year old, owned, male cats. Although cytauxzoonosis case submissions remained consistent over the broad study period, increasing tick vector and domestic cat reservoir populations may contribute to additional cytauxzoonosis case expansion in endemic areas. Investigating the incidence of acute cytauxzoonosis, patient risk factors, and ecological variables that influence disease transmission are important steps towards developing and communicating the need for effective cytauxzoonosis control strategies for high-risk cat populations.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Geographic Distribution, Risk Factors and Co-Infections of Feline Gammaherpesvirus Infections in Domestic Cats in Switzerland

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Novacco ◽  
Kohan ◽  
Stirn ◽  
Meli ◽  
Díaz-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Feline Leukemia Virus ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Neoplastic Tissue ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Swiss Cantons ◽  
Pcr Targeting

Recently, a gammaherpesvirus was described in domestic cats (FcaGHV1). The goal of the present study was to investigate the presence of FcaGHV1 in Swiss domestic cats and analyze potential risk factors. Blood samples from 881 cats presented to veterinarians in all Swiss cantons and from 91 stray cats and neoplastic tissue samples from 17 cats with lymphoma were evaluated. FcaGHV1 was detected by real-time PCR targeting the glycoprotein B gene, followed by sequencing. Blood samples were also tested for feline hemoplasmas, feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV). The molecular prevalence of FcaGHV1 was 6.0% (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.5–7.8%) in cats presented to veterinarians and 5.5% (95% CI, 1.8–12.4%) in stray cats. FcaGHV1 PCR-positive cats originated from 19/26 Swiss cantons. Factors significantly associated with FcaGHV1 detection included male sex, age >3 years, nonpedigree status and co-infection with FIV and hemoplasmas. Moreover, FeLV viremia tended to be associated with FcaGHV1 detection. High FcaGHV1 blood loads were found more frequently in FeLV-viremic cats and less frequently in hemoplasma-infected cats than in uninfected cats. Clinical information was unavailable for most of the 881 cats, but leukemia, carcinoma and cardiomyopathy were reported in FcaGHV1-positive cats. None of the tissue samples from the 17 cats with lymphoma tested positive for FcaGHV1. Sequence analyses revealed homogeneity among the Swiss isolates and >99.7% identity to published FcaGHV1 sequences. In conclusion, FcaGHV1 is present in Switzerland with a similar prevalence in cats presented to veterinarians and in stray cats. The pathogenic potential of FcaGHV1 needs further evaluation.

First report of Feline Calicivirus (FCV) infection in stray cats in northeast China

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-598
Author(s):  
Kai Wang ◽  
Zhihua Pei ◽  
Guixue Hu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Feline Calicivirus ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
First Report ◽  
Elisa Kit ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
And Gender

Abstract To improve our understanding of Feline calicivirus (FCV) infection in cats in Northeast China, 1584 serum samples from 974 domestic cats and 610 stray cats were collected between 2012 and 2015. The samples were tested for FCV antibodies using a commercially available ELISA kit. The results revealed an overall seroprevalence of 37.56% (595/1584), a seroprevalence in domestic cats of 32.85% (320/974) and a seroprevalence in stray cats of 45.08% (275/610). Risk factor analysis indicated that species was the only risk factor for the presence of FCV (OR=1.678, 95% CI=1.362-2.066, P<0.001); age, season, region and gender were not risk factors. This is the first report of FCV infection in stray cats in China, and the results of this study can aid in FCV infection control in the felidae family.

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