scholarly journals Current preventive measures for health-care associated surgical site infections: a review

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David M Tsai ◽  
Edward J Caterson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Surgical Site Infections

Infectious Diseases as a Factor Influencing Demography. Historical and Medical Aspect

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-62
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Kaspruk
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Medical Aspect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Improving Health Care

Taking into consideration the forecasts that infectious diseases will pose a significant risk of increasing mortality, as well as shortening life expectancy in the next period of time, an assessment of the impact of infectious diseases on demography in the historical and medical aspect allows us to confirm the existence of uniform combinations in creating a counter-strategy for improving health care. There is no doubt about the historical priority of preventive measures. In this sense, the scoring of infections according to the rating of ''demographic tension'' fully admits the possibility of identifying a vector for improving the work on combating infectious diseases.

scholarly journals Survey of Behaviour Attitudes Towards Preventive Measures Following COVID-19 Vaccination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniella Rahamim-Cohen ◽  
Sivan Gazit ◽  
Galit Perez ◽  
Barak Nada ◽  
Shay Ben Moshe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Preventive Behaviour

Following the widespread vaccination program for COVID-19 carried out in Israel, a survey was conducted to preliminarily assess behavior changes in the vaccinated population, prior to the expected upcoming policy change as to mask wearing and social distancing regulation in Israel. 200 people answered at least one question pertaining to preventive behaviour. Among the respondents, 21.1% reported a decrease in mask wearing compared to 47.3% who reported a decrease in social distancing. There was no difference in these measures between the sexes. However, people under the age of 50 were more likely to decrease mask wearing (28.1%) and decrease social distancing (56.1%), as compared with people over the age of 50 (17.2% and 41.8%, respectively). Among health care workers, there was a minimal decrease in mask wearing (1/23 people) compared to a more widespread decrease in social distancing (10/23). These data suggest that preventive attitudes change following COVID-19 vaccination, with less adherence to social distancing as compared to mask wearing, and should be taken into account when planning public policy in the future.

scholarly journals Emerging Viral Disease and Orthopaedic Surgeons: COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132
Author(s):  
E.O. Edomwonyi ◽  
U.E. Anyaehie ◽  
J.E. Onuminya
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Orthopaedic Practice ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

Background: COVID-19 is caused by novel Coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus (SARS-Cov-2). It is purported to have originated from bat in Wuhan province of China in December, 2019. The epidemic spreads rapidly, reaching a pandemic proportion in January, 2020. The economic implications of the pandemic and burden on health care are enormous. We, therefore, review the impact of this disease to orthopaedic practice.Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature, using suitable keywords, such as COVID -19, viral disease, orthopaedic surgery, on the search engines of PUBMED, Google Scholar and SCOPUS in June 2020.Results: The current treatment of COVID-19 is largely supportive. Lockdown, social distancing, are among many social preventive measures that had been adopted in an attempt to halt the spread of this disease. These Social adjustments, are achieving remarkable results. Intensive monitoring is key. Profound modifications had been made in all spheres of orthopaedic practice, suspending elective surgical cases and modifying the handling of inpatients and outpatients.Conclusions: Globally, orthopaedic practice has been altered in elaborate terms, to accommodate peculiarities of this emerging viral disease, COVID-19. Whilst not neglecting the needs of our patients who depend on us for due care, strict precautions have been adopted to protect patients and health care workers or halt the spread of the disease. Key words: COVID-19, pandemic, orthopaedic surgeon

scholarly journals Surgical Site Infections and Perioperative Optimization of Host Immunity by Selection of Anesthetics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Koichi Yuki ◽  
Miho Shibamura-Fujiogi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Temperature Regulation ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Host Immunity ◽  
Glucose Management ◽  
Significant Health ◽  
Adequate Oxygenation ◽  
Selection Of

Surgical site infections are significant health care issues, and efforts to mitigate their occurrence have been ongoing worldwide, mainly focusing to reduce the spillage of microbes to the otherwise sterile tissues. Optimization of host immunity has been also recognized including temperature regulation (normothermia), adequate oxygenation, and glucose management. A number of papers have described the role of anesthetics in host immunity. The role of anesthetics in postoperative outcomes including surgical site infections has been also studied. We will review the current literature and propose the importance of anesthetic selection to potentially mitigate surgical site infections.

Prevalence of Work Related Low Back Pain in Healthcare Professionals

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
OJS Admin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Causative Factors

Health care professionals experience more low back pain than most of the other groups. Occupational and social stresses, no use of preventive measures, poor body mechanics, excessive movements and not seeking medical care are considered as the causative factors for back pain.

Health Care–Associated Infections

2012 ◽  
pp. 458-463
Author(s):  
Rodney L Thompson ◽  
Priya Sampathkumar
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Home Health Care ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Health Care Associated Infections ◽  
Health Care Associated Infection ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
And Control ◽  
And Training

Health care–associated infection (HAI) is an infection that occurs in hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, or home health care programs. Infection control departments have been constituted to prevent and control infectious complications in health care settings. Prevention and control require combinations of education and training, procedures and policies, surveillance and reporting, and interventions that include isolation and teamwork. Common HAIs (nosocomial infections) include urinary tract infections, surgical site infections, bloodstream infections, and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Diagnosis and treatment of each type of infection are reviewed.

scholarly journals READMISSION FOR HEALTHCARE-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS: DOES PATIENT DISPOSITION MATTER?

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S822-S822
Author(s):  
Geoffrey J Hoffman ◽  
Lillian Min ◽  
Haiyin J Liu ◽  
Lona Mody
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Home Health Care ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Home Health ◽  
Unplanned Readmission ◽  
Nursing Facility ◽  
Patient Disposition ◽  
Healthcare Acquired Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Both common and preventable, healthcare-acquired infections (HAI) are nevertheless associated with high risk for hospital readmission. However, whether these infection-related readmissions are more common among older adults discharged from the hospital to a nursing facility as opposed to home is unknown. We used 2013-14 HCUP data and multivariable logistic regression models to retrospectively examine the relationship of patient disposition (home, nursing facility, home health care) with an unplanned readmission for the same HAI observed at the index admission, among older Medicare beneficiaries, controlling for patient sociodemographics, comorbidity score, and length of stay during index hospitalization. Of 8.4 million index admissions, 323,332 (3.9%) involved an index HAI, of which 15,870 (4.9%) resulted in a linked HAI readmission. HAI readmissions were more common for Clostridium difficile infections (4.0%) and urinary tract infections (UTI, 2.3%) than for ventilator-acquired pneumonia (1.4%) or surgical site infections (1.1%) (p<0.001). Being discharged home or to home health care, compared to a post-acute care setting, was associated with increased odds (OR: 1.63 and 1.62, p<0.001) of HAI readmission, particularly for patients with higher comorbidity scores. For home discharges, HAI readmission risk was doubled for patients with the most compared to fewest comorbidities while nursing facility discharges were equally protective across comorbidity levels. We conclude that Clostridium difficile and UTIs result in higher risk for readmission than other HAIs. Patients discharged to nursing facilities are protected from readmission. Further research into identifying modifiable mechanisms for HAI readmission, in order to improve post-hospital care of infection at home, is needed.

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