scholarly journals Foot characteristics and mechanics in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania N. Almeheyawi ◽  
Alessio Bricca ◽  
Jody L. Riskowski ◽  
Ruth Barn ◽  
Martijn Steultjens
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Foot Posture ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Rearfoot Eversion

Abstract Background Foot characteristics and mechanics are hypothesized to affect aetiology of several lower extremity musculoskeletal conditions, including knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the foot characteristics and mechanics of individuals with KOA. Methods Five databases were searched to identify relevant studies on foot characteristics and mechanics in people with KOA. Meta-analyses were performed where common measures were found across included studies. Included studies were evaluated for data reporting quality using the STROBE (STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology) checklist. Results Thirty-nine studies were included in this systematic review. Two studies reported participants with KOA had statistically significantly (P < 0.05) more pronated foot postures than those without. Meta-analyses for foot progression angle (FPA) and peak rearfoot eversion angle found no difference between those with and without KOA (FPA mean difference:-1.50 [95% confidence interval − 4.20-1.21]; peak rearfoot eversion mean difference: 0.71 [1.55–2.97]). Conclusion A more pronated foot posture was noticed in those with KOA. However, it was not possible to establish a relationship between other foot characteristics or mechanics in people with KOA due to heterogeneity between the included study and limited number of studies with similar measurements. There is need for identifying common measurement techniques and reporting metrics when studying the foot in those with KOA.

Timely Revisit of Proprioceptive Deficits in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 219256822110668
Author(s):  
Kenney K. L. Lau ◽  
Karlen K. P. Law ◽  
Kenny Y. H. Kwan ◽  
Jason P. Y. Cheung ◽  
Kenneth M. C. Cheung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Meta Analyses

Study Design Systematic review and meta-analysis Objectives The present review aimed to summarize the evidence regarding differences in proprioception between children with and without adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Methods Seven electronic databases were searched from their inception to April 10, 2021. Articles were included if they involved: (1) AIS patients aged between 10 and 18 years, (2) measurements of proprioceptive abilities, and (3) comparisons with non-AIS controls. Animal studies, case reports, commentaries, conference proceedings, research protocols, and reviews were excluded. Two reviewers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction, risks of bias assessments, and quality of evidence evaluations. Relevant information was pooled for meta-analyses. Results From 432 identified citations, 11 case-control studies comprising 1121 participants were included. The meta-analyses showed that AIS participants displayed proprioceptive deficits as compared to non-AIS controls. Moderate evidence supported that AIS participants showed significantly larger repositioning errors than healthy controls (pooled mean difference = 1.27 degrees, P < .01). Low evidence substantiated that AIS participants had significantly greater motion detection threshold (pooled mean difference = 1.60 degrees, P < .01) and abnormal somatosensory evoked potentials (pooled mean difference = .36 milliseconds, P = .01) than non-AIS counterparts. Conclusions Consistent findings revealed that proprioceptive deficits occurred in AIS patients. Further investigations on the causal relationship between AIS and proprioception, and the identification of the subgroup of AIS patients with proprioceptive deficit are needed.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Oral Ginger (Zingiber officinale) for Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen X. Chen ◽  
Bruce Barrett ◽  
Kristine L. Kwekkeboom
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meta Analyses

This systematic review examines the efficacy of oral ginger for dysmenorrhea. Key biomedical databases and grey literature were searched. We included randomized controlled trials comparing oral ginger against placebo or active treatment in women with dysmenorrhea. Six trials were identified. Two authors independently reviewed the articles, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. Discrepancies were resolved by consensus with a third reviewer. We completed a narrative synthesis of all six studies and exploratory meta-analyses of three studies comparing ginger with placebo and two studies comparing ginger with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Ginger appeared more effective for reducing pain severity than placebo. The weighted mean difference on a 10 cm visual analogue scale was 1.55 cm (favoring ginger) (95% CI 0.68 to 2.43). No significant difference was found between ginger and mefenamic acid (an NSAID). The standardized mean difference was 0 (95% CI −0.40 to 0.41). Available data suggest that oral ginger could be an effective treatment for menstrual pain in dysmenorrhea. Findings, however, need to be interpreted with caution because of the small number of studies, poor methodological quality of the studies, and high heterogeneity across trials. The review highlights the need for future trials with high methodological quality.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Ginger on Pain and Function in Knee Osteoarthritis: A PRISMA Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2;23 (4;2) ◽  
pp. E151-E163
Author(s):  
Felipe Araya-Quintanilla
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Knee Function ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
And Function

Background: Ginger has been proposed as a complementary treatment for musculoskeletal pain. However, efficacy, type, and safety remains unclear. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of consumption or topical application of ginger for pain relief and knee function improvement in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Study Design: Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Methods: An electronic search was performed on Medline, Central, CINAHL, PEDro, SPORTDiscus, and LILACS databases. The eligibility criteria for selecting studies included clinical trials that compared consumption and/or topical ginger with placebo or other interventions for the pain relief and knee function in patients with medical diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis. Results: Seven clinical trials met the eligibility criteria, and for the quantitative synthesis, 4 studies were included. For the comparison capsules versus placebo, mean difference for pain was −7.88 mm; 95% confidence interval (CI), 11.92 to 3.85 (P = 0.00), and standard mean difference for knee function was −1.61 points; 95% CI, −4.30 to −1.09 (P = 0.24). For the comparison of topical ginger versus standard treatment, standard mean difference for pain was 0.79 mm; 95% CI, −1.97 to 0.39 (P = 0.19), and standard mean difference for knee function was −0.51 points; 95% CI, −1.15 to 0.13 (P = 0.12). Limitations: The current evidence is heterogeneous and has a poor methodologic quality. Conclusions: There is insufficient evidence to support the use of oral ginger compared with placebo in the pain relief and function improvement in patients with knee osteoarthritis. For other comparisons, no statistically significant differences were found. Key words: Osteoarthritis, knee osteoarthritis, ginger, pain, randomized clinical trial, systematic review

Augmentation strategies for clozapine refractory schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 751-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan J Siskind ◽  
Michael Lee ◽  
Arul Ravindran ◽  
Qichen Zhang ◽  
Evelyn Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Augmentation Strategies ◽  
Mixed Treatment ◽  
Treatment Comparisons ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Mixed Treatment Comparisons

Background: Although clozapine is the most effective medication for treatment refractory schizophrenia, only 40% of people will meet response criteria. We therefore undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis of global literature on clozapine augmentation strategies. Methods: We systematically reviewed PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase, Cochrane Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Service System and China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database for randomised control trials of augmentation strategies for clozapine resistant schizophrenia. We undertook pairwise meta-analyses of within-class interventions and, where possible, frequentist mixed treatment comparisons to differentiate treatment effectiveness Results: We identified 46 studies of 25 interventions. On pairwise meta-analyses, the most effective augmentation agents for total psychosis symptoms were aripiprazole (standardised mean difference: 0.48; 95% confidence interval: −0.89 to −0.07) fluoxetine (standardised mean difference: 0.73; 95% confidence interval: −0.97 to −0.50) and, sodium valproate (standardised mean difference: 2.36 95% confidence interval: −3.96 to −0.75). Memantine was effective for negative symptoms (standardised mean difference: −0.56 95% confidence interval: −0.93 to −0.20). However, many of these results included poor-quality studies. Single studies of certain antipsychotics (penfluridol), antidepressants (paroxetine, duloxetine), lithium and Ginkgo biloba showed potential, while electroconvulsive therapy was highly promising. Mixed treatment comparisons were only possible for antipsychotics, and these gave similar results to the pairwise meta-analyses. Conclusions: On the basis of the limited data available, the best evidence is for the use of aripiprazole, fluoxetine and sodium valproate as augmentation agents for total psychosis symptoms and memantine for negative symptoms. However, these conclusions are tempered by generally short follow-up periods and poor study quality.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Endometrial Cancer and Adenomyosis

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4918
Author(s):  
Paolo Casadio ◽  
Antonio Raffone ◽  
Manuela Maletta ◽  
Antonio Travaglino ◽  
Diego Raimondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
P Value ◽  
Clinical Profiles

A better endometrial cancer (EC) prognosis in patients with coexistent adenomyosis has been reported. Unfortunately, it is still unclear if this better prognosis is related to a more favorable clinical profile of adenomyosis patients. We aimed to evaluate differences in the clinical profiles of EC patients with and without adenomyosis. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed by searching seven electronics databases for all studies that allowed extraction of data about clinical characteristics in EC patients with and without adenomyosis. Clinical characteristics assessed were: age, Body Mass Index (BMI), premenopausal status, and nulliparity. Mean difference in mean ± standard deviation (SD) or odds ratio (OR) for clinical characteristics between EC patients with and without adenomyosis were calculated for each included study and as a pooled estimate, and graphically reported on forest plots with a 95% confidence interval (CI). The Z test was used for assessing the overall effect by considering a p value < 0.05 as significant. Overall, eight studies with 5681 patients were included in the qualitative analysis, and seven studies with 4366 patients in the quantitative analysis. Pooled mean difference in mean ± SD between EC women with and without adenomyosis was −1.19 (95% CI: −3.18 to 0.80; p = 0.24) for age, and 0.23 (95% CI: −0.62 to 1.07; p = 0.60) for BMI. When compared to EC women without adenomyosis, EC women with adenomyosis showed a pooled OR of 1.53 (95% CI: 0.92 to 2.54; p = 0.10) for premenopausal status, and of 0.60 (95% CI: 0.41 to 0.87; p = 0.007) for nulliparity. In conclusion, there are not significant differences in clinical characteristics between EC patients with and without adenomyosis, with the exception for nulliparity. Clinical features seem to not underlie the better EC prognosis of patients with adenomyosis compared to patients without adenomyosis.

The Effectiveness of Healing Interventions for Post-Abortion Grief: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila BAGHERI ◽  
Ali Mohammad NAZARI ◽  
Reza CHAMAN ◽  
Ashraf GHIASI ◽  
Zahra MOTAGHI
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
High Risk Women ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Post Abortion

Background: Abortion is the ending of pregnancy due to removing an embryo or fetus before it can survive outside the uterus. Some women suffer from psychological disorders such as anxiety, depression and grief after abortion. Early detection of high-risk women after abortion and psychological intervention is one of the healing methods than can lead to improving outcomes but its effectiveness is not clear. The present meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy of this approach. Methods: The international and national electronic databases were searched from Jan 1998 until Aug 2018 including Medline, Web of Knowledge, Ovid, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Iranmedex, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Magiran. The pooled mean difference with the random-effects model was used for meta-analyses. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines adhered in this study. Results: We enrolled 7 relevant studies involving 918 subjects into the meta-analysis process. The metaanalysis of the interventions aiming at prevention of post-abortion grief yielded a pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) of −0.03 (95% CI: −0.40−0.34; Z=0.16; P=0.87) at post-test and of -0.21 (95% CI:-0.53- 0.10; Z=1.32; P=0.19) at follow-up. Conclusion: This systematic review found psychotherapy-based interventions are effective in post-abortion grief treatment but; we found psychotherapy-based interventions are somewhat effective in short-term postabortion grief and it has a better effect on long-term grief.

Intra-Articular Injections of Platelet-Rich Plasma versus Hyaluronic Acid in Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis (Systematic Review and Meta-analysis)

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atef Mohamed El-beltagy ◽  
Zeiad M Zakaria ◽  
; Mohamed Abdel-Samei Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Although PRP is one of the options in the management of knee OA, its effectiveness and wide application is still controversial. Therefore, we conducted the present systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the safety and effectiveness of PRP versus HA injection for knee OA. Objective The purpose of this study is to compare between the efficacy of intra-articular injections of Platelet-Rich Plasma versus Hyaluronic Acid in treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Methods We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance to the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) statement. PRISMA and MOOSE are reporting checklists for Authors, Editors, and Reviewers of Meta-analyses of interventional and observational studies. According to International committee of medical journal association (ICJME), reviewers must report their findings according to each of the items listed in those checklists. Results The overall effect favoured PRP over HA for WOMAC function score, WOMAC pain score, WOMAC stiffness score, and WOMAC total score; mostly 6 and 12 months after treatment. According VAS score, we found that the overall effect favoured PRP over HA at 12 months only. In contrary, the overall effect did not favour PRP over HA for VAS score at 3 and 6 months. PRP is superior to HA for IKDC scores at 6 and 12 months with similar results at 3 months. Conclusion Intra-articular PRP injection is more effective in terms of pain relief and function improvement at short-term follow-up in the treatment of knee OA than HA, and there is no significant difference in the risk of adverse events between PRP and HA. A randomized controlled trial with larger group sizes is necessary to find the predictors of the response to PRP and HA intra-articular injection.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Manual Therapy for Relieving Pain, Stiffness, and Dysfunction in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (20;4) ◽  
pp. 229-243
Author(s):  
Yuelong Cao
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Manual Therapy ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Standard Mean Difference

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common form of arthritis, leading to pain disability in seniors and increased health care utilization. Manual therapy is one widely used physical treatment for KOA. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and adverse events (AEs) of manual therapy compared to other treatments for relieving pain, stiffness, and physical dysfunction in patients with KOA. Study Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis of manual therapy for KOA. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of manual therapy for patients with KOA from the inception to October 2015 without language restrictions. RCTs compared manual therapy to the placebo or other interventional control with an appropriate description of randomization. Two reviewers independently conducted the search results identification, data extraction, and methodological quality assessment. The methodological quality was assessed by PEDro scale. Pooled data was expressed as standard mean difference (SMD), with 95% confident intervals (CIs) in a random effects model. The meta-analysis of manual therapy for KOA on pain, stiffness, and physical function were conducted. Results: Fourteen studies involving 841 KOA participants compared to other treatments were included. The methodological quality of most included RCTs was poor. The mean PEDro scale score was 6.6. The meta-analyses results showed that manual therapy had statistically significant effects on relieving pain (standardized mean difference, SMD = -0.61, 95% CI -0.95 to -0.28, P = 76%), stiffness (SMD = -0.58, 95% CI -0.95 to -0.21, P = 81%), improving physical function (SMD = -0.49, 95% CI -0.76 to -0.22, P = 65%), and total score (SMD = -0.56, 95% CI -0.78 to -0.35, P = 50%). But in the subgroups, manual therapy did not show significant improvements on stiffness and physical function when treatment duration was less than 4 weeks. And the long-term information for manual therapy was insufficient. Limitations: The limitations of this systematic review include the paucity of literature and inevitable heterogeneity between included studies. Conclusion: The preliminary evidence from our study suggests that manual therapy might be effective and safe for improving pain, stiffness, and physical function in KOA patients and could be treated as complementary and alternative options. However, the evidence may be limited by potential bias and poor methodological quality of included studies. High-quality RCTs with longterm follow-up are warranted to confirm our findings. Key words: Knee osteoarthritis, manual therapy, systematic review

Multiple effects of probiotics on different types of diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Wang ◽  
Qi-Fang Juan ◽  
Yu-Wei He ◽  
Li Zhuang ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Standardized Mean Difference

AbstractBackground:A systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the effect of probiotics on diabetes and its associated risk factors.Methods:We systematically searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science to June 2016. We also hand-searched the citation lists of included studies and previously identified systematic reviews to identify further relevant trials. Our primary outcome variables included glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and insulin. The pooled standardized mean difference was used to compare the effect between the probiotics and controlled groups, and the pooled standardized mean difference effect size with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated using a random-effect model. Heterogeneity was assessed with Cochran’s Q and HigginsI2tests. Two reviewers assessed trial quality and extracted data independently. The analysis and bias for each included study was performed and assessed using Review Manager 5.2.Results:Eighteen randomized, placebo-controlled studies (n=1056 participants, 527 consuming probiotics, 529 not consuming probiotics) were included for analysis. Comparing the probiotics groups with the control groups, there were statistically significant pooled standardized mean differences on the reduction of glucose (−0.61, 95% CI −0.98, −0.24; p=0.001), insulin (−0.49, 95% CI −0.93, −0.04; p=0.03) and HbA1c(−0.39, 95% CI −0.60, −0.19%; p=0.0001). Subgroup analysis also indicated statistical significance on the reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in non-type 2 diabetes (non-T2DM) mellitus patients with diabetes, for the pooled standardized mean difference was −0.29 (95% CI −0.54, −0.04; p=0.02).Conclusions:Probiotics may have beneficial effects on the reduction of glucose, insulin and HbA1cfor diabetes, especially for T2DM mellitus patients.

scholarly journals Prevalence of complications associated with the use of a peripherally inserted central catheter in newborns: A systematic review protocol

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0255090
Author(s):  
Edienne Rosângela Sarmento Diniz ◽  
Kleyton Santos de Medeiros ◽  
Richardson Augusto Rosendo da Silva ◽  
Ricardo Ney Cobucci ◽  
Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Included Study ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter ◽  
Central Catheter ◽  
Quantitative Synthesis ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background The improper handling of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in newborns (NBs) may result in mechanical and infectious complications. Aim The aim of this systematic review (SR) is to estimate the prevalence of complications associated with the use of PICC in NBs. Methods We will utilize PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Google Scholar for the databases search. There will be no restrictions on the search for languages, and observational studies will be selected wherein the prevalence rate of complications associated with the use of PICC in NBs has been presented or can be calculated. The systematic review will follow the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Two reviewers will independently select studies and assess their eligibility using predefined criteria. Using standardized forms, two other reviewers will independently extract data from each included study, and the random-effects pooled prevalence will be calculated in the meta-analysis with the respective 95% confidence intervals. The methodological quality of the studies will be assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Review Manager V.5.3.5 will be used for the qualitative and quantitative synthesis. A protocol was developed and published on PROSPERO (Registration number CRD42020211983). Expected results This SR will show the prevalence of complications caused by the inadequate management of PICC in NBs, which is information considered important for clinical practice improvement.

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