scholarly journals Association of dietary pattern with carotid intima media thickness among children with overweight or obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Assa Akbari-Sedigh ◽  
Golaleh Asghari ◽  
Emad Yuzbashian ◽  
Pooneh Dehghan ◽  
Hossein Imani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Healthy Dietary Pattern

Abstract Background Since there is no evidence demonstrating the relationship between dietary patterns and subclinical atherosclerosis in children and adolescents, we aimed to examine the association between dietary patterns and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. Methods Data were collected on individuals, aged 6–13 years (n = 339) recruited from primary schools with age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) Z-score > 1, based on WHO criteria. Dietary intake was assessed using a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire and dietary patterns were derived by factor analysis. Measurement of cIMT was performed by means of ultrasonography for the wall of common carotid artery. Results The mean ± SD age, BMI Z-score and cIMT of study participants were 9.3 ± 1.7 years, 2.5 ± 0.7 and 0.403 ± 0.057 mm, respectively. Three dietary patterns were identified, which accounted for 23.0% of the total variance, including the healthy, the traditional, and the unhealthy patterns. After adjusting for age, sex, pubertal status, smoking exposure, physical activity, body fat percentage, and intake of magnesium and energy, a significant inverse association was observed between the healthy dietary pattern and cIMT (β = − 0.131, P = 0.019), whereas none were found between cIMT and the traditional (β = − 0.004, P = 0.932) and the unhealthy dietary (β = 0.004, P = 0.942) patterns. Conclusions Results of the present study indicate that adherence to healthy dietary pattern could prevent increased cIMT in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. Further cohort design research is required to elucidate the association between dietary patterns and cIMT in children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Weight Status Influences Carotid Intima-Media Thickness to Executive Function Among Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 367-368
Author(s):  
Desiree Bygrave ◽  
Regina Wright
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Media Thickness

Abstract Carotid atherosclerosis has emerged as an early predictor of reduced cognitive function. Underlying this association are risk factors, such as overweight and obesity, that promote carotid atherosclerosis and poor cognitive outcomes. Given the prevalence of overweight and obesity among older adults, there is a critical need to better understand how atherosclerosis influences cognitive function in the context of elevated weight. To address this gap, the current study examined relations between carotid atherosclerosis (carotid intima-media thickness [IMT]), and attention (Trailmaking Test) and executive function (Verbal Fluency Test) performance, and whether they varied as a function of weight status (body mass index [BMI] classification). Data were analyzed from 162 older adults (mean age = 68.43y, 34% male, 41% African American), free of major disease. Mutliple regression and analysis of variance analyses, adjusted for age, sex, education and mean arterial pressure, showed a statistically significant IMT x BMI interaction for Verbal Fluency performance (p=.04) and a trending IMT x BMI interaction for Trailmaking A performance (p=.05). Simple effects analysis of IMT and Verbal Fluency performance showed that this association was most pronounced among those who are obese. Findings suggest atherosclerosis may influence executive function in the context of obesity among older adults. As the development of carotid atherosclerosis is strongly related to aging, our findings suggest that maintaining a healthy weight may reduce its impact on executive function in older adulthood.

Abstract 170: Re-evaluation of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness by Z-score in Children and Adolescents After Kawasaki Disease

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobutaka Noto ◽  
Masataka Kato ◽  
Yuriko Abe ◽  
Hiroshi Kamiyama ◽  
Kensuke Karasawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: The carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a reliable screening method for vascular alterations even in a pediatric cohort; however, reference values of CIMT established recently by LMS methods for childhood and adolescence are limited when comparing patients after Kawasaki disease (KD) and controls. We tested the hypothesis that there are significant differences between the values of CIMT expressed as absolute values and z-scores in children and adolescents after KD and controls. Methods: We reviewed 12 published articles regarding CIMT on patients after KD and controls. Absolute values (Ab) of the mean±1 SD of CIMT in patients after KD and controls were transformed to z-scores (Zs) using age-specific reference values established by Jourdan et al. (J: 247 Caucasian subjects aged 10-20 years) and our own data (O: 175 Asian subjects aged 6-20 years), and the results were compared between the two references. In this study, the mean age of the study population derived from each article was designated the representative age for transformation. Results: In either reference (J) or (O), there was no significant sex difference in CIMT at any given age. The mean CIMT of (Ab) and (Zs) transformed by (J) or (O) were significantly different between patients after KD and controls, at 41.6% (Ab), 66.6% (Zs) by (J), and 83.3% (Zs) by (O) among 12 articles, respectively. Therefore, patients after KD had significantly higher (Zs) by (O) than those of controls (0.66±0.71 vs. 0.03±0.68, p=0.006, respectively). Compared with reference values, the controls of (O) were within the normal range. However, there were no significant differences in (Zs) by (J) between the two groups (1.72±0.77 vs. 1.23±0.83, p=0.116, respectively). When we assessed 9 articles dealing with Asian subjects, the difference of (Zs) between the two groups remained significant only by (O) (p=0.015). In contrast, when we assessed 3 articles dealing with mainly Caucasian subjects, there was no significant difference in (Zs) between the two groups with both (J) and (O). Conclusions: These results indicate that age and race-specific reference values for CIMT are mandatory for performing an accurate assessment of the vascular status in healthy children and adolescents and particularly in those after KD.

scholarly journals Evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness and factors associated with cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Lopes ◽  
Mauro Batista de Morais ◽  
Fernanda Luisa Ceragioli Oliveira ◽  
Ana Paula Brecheret ◽  
Ana Lucia Cardoso Santos Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Media Thickness

scholarly journals Adiposity and carotid-intima media thickness in children and adolescents: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Hae Park ◽  
Áine Skow ◽  
Sara De Matteis ◽  
Anthony S. Kessel ◽  
Sonia Saxena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness
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