Normative penile anthropometry in term newborns in Kumasi, Ghana: a cross-sectional prospective study

To elucidate similarities and differences between binge eating and a behavioral addiction, this prospective study compared facets of emotion regulation that were associated with problem gambling, the only formally recognized behavioral addiction, and binge eating. Community-based women (N = 202) who engaged in at-risk binge eating (n = 79), at-risk gambling (n = 36), or both (n = 87) completed four online assessments over six months. Baseline and six-month surveys assessed self-reported emotion dysregulation (using the DERS and UPPS-P), binge eating (using the EDE-Q), and gambling (using the PGSI); abbreviated two- and four-month surveys assessed only binge eating and gambling. Binge eating and problem gambling were both associated with emotion dysregulation, and greater positive urgency was correlated with more severe problem gambling but less frequent binge eating. Negative urgency explained no unique variance in binge eating or problem gambling changes over time, once other facets of emotion dysregulation (i.e., positive urgency and facets assessed by the DERS) were included. Thus, previous cross-sectional research may have overestimated the association of negative urgency with both binge eating and problem gambling. Overall, these findings suggest that binge eating and problem gambling are associated with common as well as distinct emotion regulation deficits.

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Maternal stress and depressive symptoms and adolescents’ body mass index: a prospective study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10721-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maaike Koning ◽

Jacqueline Vink ◽

Tommy L. S. Visscher ◽

Junilla Larsen

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Perceived Stress ◽

Maternal Stress ◽

Maternal Mental Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Domain Specific ◽

General Stress ◽

Adolescent Offspring

Abstract Background Growing evidence suggests that maternal mental health issues are associated with (young) children’s weight outcomes. However, most studies have been limited by cross-sectional designs and have been aimed at (younger) children. The current prospective study focuses on the link between maternal mental health (i.e., psychological stress and depressive symptoms) and adolescents’ zBMI development. Methods The participants in the present study were part of wave 1 and 2 of a longitudinal study on Dutch adolescents’ and their parents’ health behavior. Adolescents (aged 10–14) and their parents were recruited through six secondary schools in the South and the East of the Netherlands. For this study, we only included biological mothers and their adolescent children who participated in both waves, with data on the main measures in both waves, leaving a final sample of 336 biological mother-child dyads. Adolescents height and weight were measured, and both parents and adolescents filled in validated questionnaires on perceived stress and depressive symptoms and answered additional questions concerning domain-specific stress. Regression analyses were performed in R to examine longitudinal links between maternal stress and depressive symptoms at baseline (T1) and adolescents’ BMI standard deviation scores (zBMI) 6 months later (T2), corrected for baseline zBMI and covariates. Results Maternal general perceived stress (β = .20, p = .002) at T1 preceded higher adolescents’ zBMI at T2, after controlling for baseline zBMI and other covariates, whereas maternal depressive symptoms at T1 (β = −.05, p = .44) and other domain-specific stress did not (maternal financial stress, maternal stress at work, maternal stress at home). Additionally, lower educational level among adolescents (β = .16, p = .001) and adolescent depressive symptoms (β = .16, p = .001) was associated with a higher zBMI at T2. Conclusions Results suggest that maternal general stress, but not depressive symptoms, may influence adolescents’ weight development. Our findings warrant future investigation on whether and how general stress among mothers may predict weight increases of their adolescent offspring.

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Reference distribution of the bioelectrical impedance vector in healthy term newborns

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s000711451000245x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 104 (10) ◽

pp. 1508-1513 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Ana V. B. Margutti ◽

Jacqueline P. Monteiro ◽

José S. Camelo

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Bioelectrical Impedance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vector Analysis ◽

Whole Body ◽

General Distribution ◽

Reference Distribution ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Term Newborns ◽

Impedance Vector

Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) is a new method that is used for the routine monitoring of the variation in body fluids and nutritional status with assumptions regarding body composition values. The aim of the present study was to determine bivariate tolerance intervals of the whole-body impedance vector and to describe phase angle (PA) values for healthy term newborns aged 7–28 d. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on healthy term neonates born at a low-risk public maternity. General and anthropometric neonatal data and bioelectrical impedance data (800 μA–50 kHz) were obtained. Bivariate vector analysis was conducted with the resistance–reactance (RXc) graph method. The BIVA software was used to construct the graphs. The study was conducted on 109 neonates (52·3 % females) who were born at term, adequate for gestational age, exclusively breast-fed and aged 13 (sd 3·6) d. We constructed one standard, reference, RXc-score graph and RXc-tolerance ellipses (50, 75 and 95 %) that can be used with any analyser. Mean PA was 3·14 (sd 0·43)° (3·12 (sd 0·39)° for males and 3·17 (sd 0·48)° for females). Considering the overlapping of ellipses of males and females with the general distribution, a graph for newborns aged 7–28 d with the same reference tolerance ellipse was defined for boys and girls. The results differ from those reported in the literature probably, in part, due to the ethnic differences in body composition. BIVA and PA permit an assessment without the need to know body weight and the prediction error of conventional impedance formulas.

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The Epidemiology of Bruxism in Relation to Psychological Factors

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph19020691 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 691

Author(s):

Mirela Ioana Flueraşu ◽

Ioana Corina Bocşan ◽

Ioan-Andrei Țig ◽

Simona Maria Iacob ◽

Daniela Popa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Psychological Factors ◽

Sleep Bruxism ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Sex ◽

Anonymous Questionnaire ◽

Observational Cohort ◽

High Degree ◽

Awake Bruxism

The aim of the present study was to establish the prevalence of sleep/awake bruxism among young students in Transylvania and to correlate the presence of this muscle activity with behavioral variations. This analytical, observational, cohort, cross-sectional, and prospective study involved 308 volunteers aged between 19 and 30 years of different nationalities, all students of the “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Subjects were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire which was structured in five sections. The results obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed separately for sleep bruxism and for awake bruxism. We did not find any statistically significant correlation between awake bruxism or sleep bruxism and age (p = 0.30 and p = 0.37, respectively), sex (p = 0.44 and p = 0.48, respectively), or nationality (p = 0.55 and p = 0.67, respectively). Only a high degree of stress and frustration (p = 0.035 and p = 0.020) was observed in European subjects except for the Romanians and the French, likely related to the difficulties of adapting to the language and lifestyle in Romania. Female sex was statistically significantly associated with an increased level of stress (p = 0.004), duty-related depression (p = 0.006), and duty-related anxiety (p = 0.003). Stress and anxiety can be favorable factors in the appearance of both types of bruxism; however, depression is associated only with awake bruxism.

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Prediction of Mental Illness Using Indian Astrology: Cross-Sectional Findings from a Prospective Study

Journal of Scientific Exploration ◽

10.31275/2018/1260 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 555-578

Author(s):

Rajeshkrishna Bhandary ◽

Podila Satya Sharma ◽

Hema Tharoor

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

A Prospective Study

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Basal cell carcinoma: what new can be learned about the most common human cancer? A cross-sectional prospective study of 180 cases in a single centre

Advances in Dermatology and Allergology ◽

10.5114/ada.2021.106026 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Iwona Chlebicka ◽

Aleksandra Stefaniak ◽

Łukasz Matusiak ◽

Jacek Szepietowski

Keyword(s):

Basal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basal Cell ◽

Human Cancer ◽

Single Centre ◽

Cross Sectional

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Neonatal eye screening for 203 healthy term newborns using a wide-field digital retinal imaging system

10.21203/rs.2.16561/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Kenneth Teow Kheng Leong ◽

Siti Nur Amira Abu Kassim ◽

Jasvinjeet Kaur Sidhu ◽

Zayani Zohari ◽

Thivakar Sivalingam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Imaging System ◽

Retinal Imaging ◽

Common Finding ◽

Wide Field ◽

Retinal Haemorrhage ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ocular Abnormalities ◽

Eye Screening ◽

Term Newborns ◽

Retinal Haemorrhages

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to determine the proportion and types of ocular abnormalities detected in healthy term newborns and also the risk factors associated with retinal haemorrhages. Method This cross-sectional study comprised of 203 participants, all healthy term newborn infants in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology ward at Hospital Kuala Lumpur over a six months period. The examination list includes external eye examination, red reflex test, and fundus imaging using a wide-field digital retinal imaging system (Phoenix Clinical ICON Paediatric Retinal Camera) by a trained Investigator. The pathologies detected were documented. The results were compared with similar studies previously published in the literature. Results Total ocular abnormalities were detected in 34% infants. The most common finding was retinal haemorrhage in 29.6% infants, of which 53.3% occurred bilaterally. Spontaneous vaginal delivery (SVD) remained the greatest risk factor which has nearly four times higher risk of newborns developing retinal haemorrhage compared to Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS). There was a 6% increased likelihood of developing retinal haemorrhage for every 1 minute increment in the duration of 2nd stage of labour. Newborns delivered via SVD with episiotomy had 2.5 higher odds of developing retinal haemorrhage in newborns compared to SVD without episiotomy. Conclusion Universal eye screening for all newborns using a wide-field digital imaging system is possible, safe and useful in detecting posterior segment disorders. The most common abnormality detected is retinal haemorrhage. Although most resolve spontaneously, a longitudinal study is needed to study the long term effect of retinal haemorrhages in these infants.

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