scholarly journals Association between antibiotic consumption and the rate of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria from China based on 153 tertiary hospitals data in 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Yang ◽  
Yunbo Chen ◽  
Saiping Jiang ◽  
Ping Shen ◽  
Xiaoyang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals

scholarly journals Association between the rate of fluoroquinolones-resistant Gram-negative bacteria and antibiotic consumption from China based on 145 tertiary hospitals data in 2014

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Yang ◽  
Yunbo Chen ◽  
Saiping Jiang ◽  
Ping Shen ◽  
Xiaoyang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Annual Consumption ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Third Generation Cephalosporins ◽  
Consumption Intensity

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the rate of fluoroquinolones-resistant (FQR) gram-negative bacteria and antibiotic consumption intensity in 145 tertiary hospitals from China in 2014.Methods A retrospective study using national surveillance data from 2014 was conducted. Data on the annual consumption of each antibiotic, and the rate of FQR gram-negative bacteria, were collected from each participating hospital, and the correlation between antibiotic consumption and FQR rate was simultaneously investigated.Results The overall antibiotic consumption intensity among the hospitals varied between 23.93 and 115.39 defined daily dosages (DDDs) per 100 patient-days (median, 46.30 DDDs per 100 patient-days). Cephalosporins were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics, followed by fluoroquinolones, penicillins, and carbapenems, and the rate of FQR gram-negative bacteria from each hospital varied. The correlation analysis showed significantly relationship between the percentage of FQR E. coli and the consumption of FQs consumption (r=0.308, p<0.01) and levofloxacin (r=0.252, p<0.01). For FQR K. pneumoniae, not only FQs (r=0.291, p<0.01) and levofloxacin (r=0.260, p<0.01) use but also carbapenems (r=0.242, p<0.01) and overall antibiotics (r=0.247, p<0.01) use showed significant correlation. A strong correlation was observed between the resistant proportion of FQR P. aeruginosa and the consumption of all antibiotics (r=0.260, p<0.01), FQs (r=0.319, p<0.01) and levofloxacin (r=0.377, p<0.01). The percentage of levofloxacin-resistant A. baumannii was significantly correlated with the consumption of all antibiotics (r=0.282, p<0.01), third-generation cephalosporins excluding combinations with beta-lactamase inhibitors (r=0.246, p<0.01), FQs (r=0.254, p<0.01) and levofloxacin (r=0.336, p<0.01). However, the correlation of the ciprofloxacin-resistant A. baumannii and the antibiotics consumption was not found.Conclusions A significant relationship was demonstrated between the antibiotic consumption and the rates of FQR gram-negative bacteria. As unreasonable antibiotics usage remains crucial in the proceeding of resistant bacteria selection, our study could greatly promote the avoidance of unnecessary antibiotic usage.

scholarly journals Emergence of carbapenem-resistant ST131 Escherichia coli carrying blaOXA-244 in Germany, 2019 to 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (46) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybille Welker ◽  
Sébastien Boutin ◽  
Thomas Miethke ◽  
Klaus Heeg ◽  
Dennis Nurjadi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Public Health Concern ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
South West ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals

The dissemination of carbapenem-producing Gram-negative bacteria is a major public health concern. We report the first detection of OXA-244-producing ST131 O16:H5 Escherichia coli in three patients from two tertiary hospitals in the south-west of Germany. OXA-244 is emerging in Europe. Because of detection challenges, OXA-244-producing E. coli may be under-reported. The emergence of carbapenem resistance in a globally circulating high-risk clone, such as ST131 E. coli is of clinical relevance and should be monitored closely.

scholarly journals An overview of carbapenem, its resistance and therapeutic options for infections caused by carbapenem resistant bacteria

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1454
Author(s):  
Hari P. Nepal ◽  
Rama Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Penicillin Binding Proteins ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
The World

Carbapenems are beta-lactam drugs that have broadest spectrum of activity. They are commonly used as the drugs of last resort to treat complicated bacterial infections. They bind to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) and inhibit cell wall synthesis in bacteria. Important members that are in clinical use include doripenem, ertapenem, imipenem, and meropenem. Unlike other members, imipenem is hydrolyzed significantly by renal dehydropeptidase; therefore, it is administered together with an inhibitor of renal dehydropeptidase, cilastatin. Carbapenems are usually administered intravenously due to their low oral bioavailability. Most common side effects of these drugs include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, skin rashes, and reactions at the infusion sites. Increasing resistance to these antibiotics is being reported throughout the world and is posing a threat to public health.  Primary mechanisms of carbapenem resistance include expulsion of drug and inactivation of the drug by production of carbapenemases which may not only hydrolyze carbapenem, but also cephalosporin, penicillin, and aztreonam. Resistance especially among Gram negative bacteria is of much concern since there are only limited therapeutic options available for infections caused by carbapenem resistant Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Commonly used drugs to treat such infections include polymyxins, fosfomycin and tigecycline.

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