scholarly journals Probiotic effect of Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris RPG-HL-0136 on intestinal mucosal immunity in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Byoung Hee Park ◽  
In Sung Kim ◽  
Jung Kuk Park ◽  
Zheng Zhi ◽  
Hea Min Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Function ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Antibacterial Peptides ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Simultaneous Decrease ◽  
Muc2 Expression ◽  
Probiotic Effect

AbstractLactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris is a lactic acid bacterium commonly used in the cheese manufacturing industry. It is known to produce antibacterial peptides and has recently received attention for its role as a probiotic strain. Here, we report the isolation of a new strain, Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris RPG-HL-0136 (RPG0136) from dried compost, which exhibits strong antibacterial activity. When RPG0136 was fed to mice, it increased the intestinal population of two beneficial bacteria, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, whereas it decreased the intestinal population of two harmful bacteria, Bacteroides and Enterobacter. In addition, it increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acids, including acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid, with a simultaneous decrease in pH, and accelerated the catabolic degradation of proteins, lipids, and starch. Lastly, RPG0136 increased the plasma IgG and intestinal mucosal SIgA concentrations and upregulated Reg3r, MUC1, and MUC2 expression to improve the intestinal mucosal immune function. The results of this study suggest that RPG0136 is a potential probiotic strain that supports the growth of a beneficial microbiome by promoting the synthesis of organic acids and enhancing intestinal immune function.

scholarly journals 1-Kestose, the Smallest Fructooligosaccharide Component, Which Efficiently Stimulates Faecalibacterium prausnitzii as Well as Bifidobacteria in Humans

Foods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Tochio ◽  
Yoshihiro Kadota ◽  
Toshio Tanaka ◽  
Yasuhiro Koga
Keyword(s):  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Beneficial Bacteria ◽  
Indigenous Bacteria ◽  
Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii ◽  
Oxygen Sensitive ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

The concept of prebiotics was established more than 30 years ago. While the prebiotic concept has now expanded thus includes non-carbohydrate substances and diverse categories other than foods, fructooligosaccharides (FOS) have still predominantly been used as pebiotics, because the effects of FOS exclusively act through the enrichment of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus spp., which have been classified as beneficial intestinal commensals so far. Now the commercially available FOS products are synthetic mixture of several kinds of FOS components including 1-kestose (GF2), nystose (GF3) and GF4. In our previous studies, superiority of 1-kestose to the longer-chain FOS components such as nystose with regard to bifidogenic activity was clearly demonstrated. Recently, a broader range of beneficial bacteria including butyrate-producing indigenous bacteria have been recognized and expected to be new probiotic strains. Among them, resident Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is a butyrate producer with a significant anti-inflammatory effect thus expected to be useful as a next-generation probiotic. However, this bacterium is extremely oxygen-sensitive thus can be difficult to grow industrially. On the other hand, we have clearly demonstrated a significant prebiotic effect of 1-kestose, which is the smallest component of FOS, on F. prausnitzii in the gut of humans. These findings suggest that 1-kestose has impressive potential as a new prebiotic targeting F. prausnitzii, a next-generation probiotic strain, as well as bifidobacteria.

scholarly journals Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1 Modulates Intestinal-Specific Microbiota, Short-Chain Fatty Acid and Immunological Profiles in Aging Mice

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravichandra Vemuri ◽  
Rohit Gundamaraju ◽  
Tanvi Shinde ◽  
Agampodi Promoda Perera ◽  
Waheedha Basheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

Distribution of the microbiota varies according to the location in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Thus, dysbiosis during aging may not be limited to faecal microbiota and extend to the other parts of the GI tract, especially the cecum and colon. Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1, a probiotic strain, has been shown to modulate faecal microbiota and its associated metabolic phenotype in aging mice. In the present study, we investigated the effect of L. acidophilus DDS-1 supplementation on caecal- and mucosal-associated microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and immunological profiles in young and aging C57BL/6J mice. Besides differences in the young and aging control groups, we observed microbial shifts in caecal and mucosal samples, leading to an alteration in SCFA levels and immune response. DDS-1 treatment increased the abundances of beneficial bacteria such as Akkermansia spp. and Lactobacillus spp. more effectively in caecal samples than in mucosal samples. DDS-1 also enhanced the levels of butyrate, while downregulating the production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, IL-1α, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, IL-12 and IFN-γ) in serum and colonic explants. Our findings suggest distinct patterns of intestinal microbiota, improvements in SCFA and immunological profiles with DDS-1 supplementation in aging mice.

Protective effects of a novel probiotic strain, Lactococcus lactis ML2018, in colitis: in vivo and in vitro evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1132-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiling Liu ◽  
Xiuxia Zhang ◽  
Yunpeng Hao ◽  
Jinhua Ding ◽  
Jing Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Multiple articles have confirmed that an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota is closely related to aberrant immune responses of the intestines and to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs).

scholarly journals The regulation of intestinal mucin MUC2 expression by short-chain fatty acids: implications for epithelial protection

2009 ◽  
Vol 420 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanda Burger-van Paassen ◽  
Audrey Vincent ◽  
Patrycja J. Puiman ◽  
Maria van der Sluis ◽  
Janneke Bouma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Goblet Cell ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Muc2 Expression ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

SCFAs (short-chain fatty acids), fermentation products of bacteria, influence epithelial-specific gene expression. We hypothesize that SCFAs affect goblet-cell-specific mucin MUC2 expression and thereby alter epithelial protection. In the present study, our aim was to investigate the mechanisms that regulate butyrate-mediated effects on MUC2 synthesis. Human goblet cell-like LS174T cells were treated with SCFAs, after which MUC2 mRNA levels and stability, and MUC2 protein expression were analysed. SCFA-responsive regions and cis-elements within the MUC2 promoter were identified by transfection and gel-shift assays. The effects of butyrate on histone H3/H4 status at the MUC2 promoter were established by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Butyrate (at 1 mM), as well as propionate, induced an increase in MUC2 mRNA levels. MUC2 mRNA levels returned to basal levels after incubation with 5–15 mM butyrate. Interestingly, this decrease was not due to loss of RNA stability. In contrast, at concentrations of 5–15 mM propionate, MUC2 mRNA levels remained increased. Promoter-regulation studies revealed an active butyrate-responsive region at −947/−371 within the MUC2 promoter. In this region we identified an active AP1 (c-Fos/c-Jun) cis-element at −818/−808 that mediates butyrate-induced activation of the promoter. Finally, MUC2 regulation by butyrate at 10–15 mM was associated with increased acetylation of histone H3 and H4 and methylation of H3 at the MUC2 promoter. In conclusion, 1 mM butyrate and 1–15 mM propionate increase MUC2 expression. The effects of butyrate on MUC2 mRNA are mediated via AP-1 and acetylation/methylation of histones at the MUC2 promoter.

scholarly journals Lactococcus lactis ssp. cremoris MRS47, a potential probiotic strain isolated from kefir grains, increases cis-9, trans-11-CLA and PUFA contents in fermented milk

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 172-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Paulo Vieira ◽  
Claudius Couto Cabral ◽  
Bruno R.C. da Costa Lima ◽  
Vânia Margaret F. Paschoalin ◽  
Kátia Christina Leandro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Kefir Grains

scholarly journals Soil causes gut microbiota to flourish and total serum IgE levels to decrease in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongrui Zhou ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Honglin Zhang ◽  
Zhimao Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Function ◽  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Serum Ige ◽  
Bacterial Secretion ◽  
Bacterial Secretion System ◽  
Environmental Microbes

Abstract Background Traditional farm environments provide protection from allergic diseases. In this study, farm environmental factors were classified into three categories: environmental microbes, soil, and organic matter. To explore the impact of soil and environmental microorganisms on gut microbiota and immune function, mice were fed sterilized soil, soil microbes (in lieu of environmental microbes), or non-sterilized soil. Results Metagenomic sequencing results showed that the intake of sterile soil while inhaling a small amount of soil microbes in the air, increased gut microbial diversity and the abundance of type III secretion system (T3SS) genes and decreased total serum IgE levels induced by 2-4-dinitrofluorobenzene. The intake of soil microbes increased the abundance of genes involved in the metabolism of short-chain fatty acids and amino acid biosynthesis. By contrast, the intake of soil increased gut microbial diversity, the abundance of T3SS genes and related infectious elements, and genes associated with the metabolism of short-chain fatty acids and amino acid biosynthesis and decreased serum IgE levels. The immune function was positively and significantly correlated with the bacterial secretion system genes, especially with that of T3SS. Conclusions An important mechanism through which farm environments exert a protective effect against allergic diseases could be by serving as a “prebiotic” promoting the reproduction and growth of some intestinal microorganisms that harbor bacterial secretion system genes, especially those of T3SS, whose abundance was positively and significantly correlated with innate immune function of mice.

scholarly journals Regulation of the intestinal mucin MUC2 expression by short chain fatty acids: implications for epithelial protection

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanda Burger‐van Paassen ◽  
Audrey Vincent ◽  
Patrycja J Puiman ◽  
Maria Sluis ◽  
Janneke Bouma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Intestinal Mucin ◽  
Muc2 Expression ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals Generation of lactose and protease positive probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG by conjugation with Lactococcus lactis NCDO 712

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazar Hussain ◽  
Ran Li ◽  
Timo M. Takala ◽  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Arsalan H. Zaidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Probiotic Bacterium ◽  
Specific Pcr

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is the most studied probiotic bacterium in the world. It is used as a probiotic supplement in many foods, including various dairy products. However, LGG grows poorly in milk, as it neither metabolizes the main milk carbohydrate lactose, nor degrades the major milk protein casein effectively. In this study, we made L. rhamnosus GG lactose and protease positive by conjugation with the dairy Lactococcus lactis strain NCDO 712 carrying the lactose-protease plasmid pLP712. A lactose hydrolyzing transconjugant colony was obtained on agar containing lactose as the sole source of carbohydrates. By microscopic analysis and PCR with LGG- and pLP712-specific primers, the transconjugant was confirmed to be originated from LGG, and to carry the plasmid pLP712. The transconjugant was named L. rhamnosus LAB49. Isolation of plasmids revealed that not only pLP712, but also other plasmids had been transferred from L. lactis into LGG during conjugation. With plasmid-specific PCR primers, four additional lactococcal plasmids were detected in LAB49. Proteolytic activity assay and SDS-PAGE analysis verified that L. rhamnosus LAB49 effectively degraded β-casein. In contrast to its parental strain LGG, the ability of LAB49 to metabolize lactose and degrade casein enabled strong and fast growth in milk. As strains with new properties made by conjugation are not regarded as GMOs, L. rhamnosus LAB49 could be beneficial in dairy fermentations as a probiotic starter culture. Importance Probiotic strain Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) is widely sold on market as a probiotic or added as supplement in dairy foods because of its benefits in human health. However, due to the deficiency of lactose and casein utilization, LGG does not grow well in milk. On the other hand, lactose intolerance and cow's milk protein allergy are the two major problems related to milk consumption. One option to help with these two conditions is the use of probiotic or lactose and casein hydrolyzing bacteria in dairy products. The purpose of this study was to equip LGG with lactose/casein hydrolyzing ability by bacterial conjugation. As a result, we generated a non-GMO LGG derivative with improved properties and better growth in milk.

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