Perceived psychosocial health and its sociodemographic correlates in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: a community-based online study in China

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been affecting people's psychosocial health and well-being through various complex pathways. The present study aims to investigate the perceived psychosocial health and its sociodemographic correlates among Chinese community-dwelling residents. Methods This cross-sectional survey was carried out online and using a structured questionnaire during April 2020. In total, 4788 men and women with the age range of 11–98 years from eight provinces in eastern, central and western China were included in the analysis. We adopted a tactical approach to capture three key domains of perceived psychosocial health that are more likely to occur during a pandemic including hopelessness, loneliness, and depression. Multiple regression method, binary logistic regression model and variance inflation factor (VIF) were used to conduct data analysis. Results Respectively 34.8%, 32.5% and 44.8% of the participants expressed feeling more hopeless, lonely, and depressed during the pandemic. The percentage of all three indicators was comparatively higher among women than among men: hopelessness (50.7% vs 49.3%), loneliness (52.4% vs 47.6%), and depression (56.2% vs 43.8%). Being married was associated with lower odds of loneliness among men (odds ratio [OR] = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.45–0.90). Loneliness was negatively associated with smoking (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.45–0.99) and positively associated with drinking (OR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.04–2.02). Compared with those in the lowest income bracket (< CNY 10 000), men (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.21–0.55) and women (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.23–0.56) in the highest level of annually housed income (> CNY 40 000) had the lowest odds of reporting perceived hopelessness (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.25–0.48). Smoking also showed negative association with depression only among men (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.43–0.91). Conclusions More than one-third of the participants reported worsening in the experience of hopelessness and loneliness, with more than two-fifth of worsening depression during the pandemic compared with before the outbreak. Several socioeconomic and lifestyle factors were found to be associated with the outcome variables, most notably participants' marital status, household income, smoking, alcohol drinking, existing chronic conditions. These findings may be of significance to treat patients and help them recover from the pandemic.

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Sociodemographic Correlates of Perceived Psychosocial Health in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Community-Based Online Study in China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-73607/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ganyi Wang ◽

Shangfeng Tang

Keyword(s):

Odds Ratio ◽

Well Being ◽

Psychosocial Health ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Online Study ◽

Sociodemographic Correlates ◽

Health Situation

Abstract The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and the ensuing sociopolitical measures to control and curb its spread have been affecting people's psychosocial health and well-being through various complex pathways and in unprecedented ways. The present study aims to assess the sociodemographic correlates of psychosocial health situation of Chinese community-dwelling residents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey that was carried out online and using a structured questionnaire during April 2020. In total, 4788 men and women with the age range of 11-98 years were included in the analysis. Outcome variables were the change in the experience of hopelessness, loneliness and depression before and during the pandemic, and the explanatory variables included demographic and social capital related variables.Results: Respectively 34.80%, 32.50% and 44.84% of the participants expressed feeling more hopeless, lonely, and depressed during the pandemic. The percentage of all three indicators was comparatively higher among women than among men: hopelessness (50.67% vs 49.33%), loneliness (52.44% vs 47.56%), and depression (56.22% vs 43.78%). Being married was associated lower odds of loneliness among men [Odds ratio= 0.63, 95% CI=0.45,0.90]. Loneliness was negatively associated with smoking [Odds ratio= 0.67, 95% CI=0.45,0.99] and positively with drinking [Odds ratio= 1.45, 95% CI=1.04,2.02]. Compared with those in the lowest income bracket (<10K), men [Odds ratio= 0.34, 95% CI=0.21,0.55] and women [Odds ratio= 0.36, 95% CI=0.23,0.56] in the highest (>40K) had the lowest odds of reporting perceived hopelessness [Odds ratio= 0.35, 95% CI=0.25,0.48]. Smoking also showed negative association with depression only among men [Odds ratio=0.63, 95% CI=0.43,0.91]. Conclusion: More about one-third of the participants reported worsening in the experience of hopelessness and loneliness, with more than two-fifth of worsening depression during the pandemic compared with the time before. Several socioeconomic and lifestyle factors were found to be associated with the outcome variables, most notably participants marital status, household income, smoking, alcohol drinking, existing chronic conditions, and urbanicity.

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Social norms, attitudes and access to modern contraception for adolescent girls in six districts in Uganda

BMC Health Services Research ◽

10.1186/s12913-021-07060-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Paul Bukuluki ◽

Peter Kisaakye ◽

Maxime Houinato ◽

Adekemi Ndieli ◽

Evelyn Letiyo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Norms ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Social Norm ◽

Unwanted Pregnancy ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Context Specific ◽

Access To Contraception

Abstract Background Social norms continue to be entrenched in Uganda. Understanding social norms helps to uncover the underlying drivers that influence attitudes and behavior towards contraceptive access and use. This study therefore seeks to investigate the factors that influence the social norm – access to contraception by adolescent girls – in six districts in Uganda. Data and methods: Using data from a community cross-sectional survey in six districts (Amudat, Kaberamaido, Kasese, Moroto, Tororo and Pader) in Uganda, a binary logistic regression model was fitted to examine the variation in individual beliefs and socio-economic and demographic factors on ‘allowing adolescent girls to access contraception in a community’ – we refer to as a social norm. Results Results demonstrate that a higher proportion of respondents hold social norms that inhibit adolescent girls from accessing contraception in the community. After controlling for all variables, the likelihood for adolescent girls to be allowed access to contraception in the community was higher among respondents living in Kaberamaido (OR = 2.58; 95 %CI = 1.23–5.39), Kasese (OR = 2.62; 95 %CI = 1.25–5.47), Pader (OR = 4.35; 95 %CI = 2.15–8.79) and Tororo (OR = 9.44; 95 %CI = 4.59–19.37), those aged 30–34 years likely (OR = 1.73; 95 %CI = 1.03–2.91). However, the likelihood for respondents living in Moroto to agree that adolescent girls are allowed to access contraception was lower (OR = 0.27; 95 %CI = 0.11–0.68) compared to respondents living in Amudat. Respondents who were not formally employed (OR = 0.63; 95 %CI = 0.43–0.91), and those who agreed that withdrawal prevents pregnancy (OR = 0.45; 95 %CI = 0.35–0.57) were less likely to agree that adolescent girls are allowed to access contraception in the community. Respondents who agreed that a girl who is sexually active can use contraception to prevent unwanted pregnancy (OR = 1.84; 95 %CI = 1.33–2.53), unmarried women or girls should have access to contraception (OR = 2.15; 95 %CI = 1.61–2.88), married women or girls should have access to contraception (OR = 1.55; 95 %CI = 0.99–2.39) and women know where to obtain contraception for prevention against pregnancy (OR = 2.35; 95 %CI = 1.19–4.65) were more likely to agree that adolescent girls are allowed to access contraception. Conclusions The findings underscore the need for context specific ASRH programs that take into account the differences in attitudes and social norms that affect access and use of contraception by adolescents.

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Can Social Connections Improve Dementia Knowledge Among Homebound Community-Dwelling Older African Americans?

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.930 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 290-290

Author(s):

Maritza Dowling ◽

Hiroko Dodge ◽

Antonio Puente ◽

Beverly Lunsford

Keyword(s):

Social Relationships ◽

Low Income ◽

Social Connectedness ◽

Latent Class ◽

Well Being ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Social Connections ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Literacy Class

Abstract Despite the clear and compelling association between social connections and well-being, the underlying mechanisms that help stave off adverse health impacts are not well understood, particularly among older adults in disadvantaged groups. Social relationships in older age may be instrumental for exchanging and gaining knowledge that further influence health and help increase awareness about misconceptions and lifestyle behaviors known to delay or reduce cognitive decline. This study used cross-sectional survey data from 147(aged 58-90 years; 75% female) low-income African American homebound community dwellers to investigate heterogeneity in dementia literacy profiles and its association with social connectedness. Eleven items (false=0, true=1, don’t know=2) from a validated instrument were used to measure dementia literacy (DL). The Lubben’s social network scale was used for a social connectedness construct. We employed a 2-stage latent class modeling approach to examine heterogeneity in DL and estimate the regressions among the derived classes and the predictors (social connectedness, education level and age). A 3-class model produced a reasonable fit and classification (entropy=0.852) of “dementia literacy patterns” labeled as (high-literacy:37%), moderate-literacy:45.2%), low-literacy:17.8%)). Social connectedness was highly predictive of class membership. A high level of social relationships increased the probability of being in the “high-dementia-literacy” class compared to the “low-dementia-literacy” class (OR=2.189, p=0.016). For a unit increase in social connectedness, the odds of being in the “high-dementia-literacy” class compared to the “low-dementia-literacy” class increased by a factor of 2.2. Tailored and focused interventions to reduce social disconnectedness may also help increase dementia awareness and reduce barriers to early diagnosis.

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Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) towards COVID-19 prevention among Malaysian adults during the period of Movement Control Order (MCO): An online cross-sectional survey

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3693 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 1458-1468

Author(s):

Nadeeya ‘Ayn Umaisara Mohamad Nor ◽

Hana Maizuliana Solehan ◽

Nurul Azmawati Mohamed ◽

Zatul Iffah Abu Hasan ◽

Nur Syazana Umar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Movement Control ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Online Study ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Control Order ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Malaysian government started the Movement Control Order (MCO) on 18th March 2020, as one of the initiatives to prevent the more massive outbreak of COVID-19. Recent statistics showed a rapid rise in the numbers of positive COVID-19 patients. However, the statistics on COVID-19 patients being discharged showed that the higher authority was very committed in managing COVID-19 crisis. This online study was conducted among 1,543 Malaysian adults using a validated questionnaire to explore more findings on the Malaysian’s Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) level towards COVID-19 prevention during the MCO period. Descriptive study and binary logistic regression were performed using SPSS version 22. This study showed that the majority of respondents have good KAP level regarding COVID-19 prevention. WhatsApp and Telegram were the primary sources of information used by the respondents. Education level was the main predictor for knowledge (OR: 2.083, CI: 1.605-2.702), attitude (OR:1.854, Ci; 1.42-2.42) and practice (OR: 1.745, CI; 1.326-2.096) regarding COVID-19 prevention (p<0.001). Knowledge (OR; 1.636, CI: 1.302-2.054) and practice (OR;2.328, CI: 1.858-2.916) were predictors of attitude regarding COVID-19 prevention (p<0.001). In conclusion, total adherence to the Movement Control Order (MCO) along with public health interventions focusing on behavioral change may play vital roles in breaking the chain of infection.

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Consequences of COVID19-pandemic lockdown on Italian occupational physicians’ psychosocial health

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0243194 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. e0243194

Author(s):

Simone De Sio ◽

Giuseppe La Torre ◽

Giuseppe Buomprisco ◽

Ekaterina Lapteva ◽

Roberto Perri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychological Distress ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Female Gender ◽

Well Being ◽

Psychosocial Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

Occupational Physicians

COVID-19 was declared a pandemic on March 12, 2020. Italy has been the most affected country in the world, right after China. Healthcare workers (HCWs) were among the hardest hit by this event from both a working and psychological point of view. The aim of this web-based cross-sectional study is to assess the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on Italian Occupational Physicians’ well-being and psychological distress, in relation to demographic and occupational characteristic, lifestyle and habits during the lockdown period. We conducted a web-based cross-sectional survey questionnaire from April 1 to April 21st, 2020. To evaluate the level of psychological distress and the level of well-being, the general Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) and the WHO-5 Wellbeing Index were utilized. Since the statistical assumptions were respected, we proceeded with an analysis of variance (ANOVA) to ascertain the differences between the averages of the scores of the GHQ-12. Doctors who live in the most affected regions have a prevalence of psychological distress higher than their colleagues from the rest of Italy. ANOVA shows significant differences relating to the female gender, and to the life changes provoked by the lockdown for example not feeling sheltered at home or suffering from loneliness. This study showed a high prevalence of psychological distress in occupational physicians. To prevent the occurrence of mental disorders among Occupational Physicians, it is urgent to put in place policies of psychological support and well-being preservation.

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Factors associated with accelerated resting heart rate among college freshmen：a cross-sectional study

10.1101/2020.07.31.20165969 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Qiqi You ◽

Tiantian Wang ◽

Qingqing Jiang ◽

Qiumei Zhang ◽

Shiyi Cao

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Rural Students ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The University

Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of accelerated resting heart rates (RHRs) among freshmen in a university in Wuhan and to explore the influencing factors. Methods We conducted a cross sectional survey and physical examinations in a university in Wuhan from 2015 to 2017, including 12428 freshmen. A binary logistic regression model was undertaken to identify the influencing factors associated with their accelerated RHRs. Results The prevalence of accelerated RHRs was 47.5% among the 12428 freshmen surveyed. Accelerated RHR of freshmen was related to female (odds ratio [OR]: 1.484, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.368 to 1.610, P < 0.001) and high blood pressure (OR: 2.709, 95% CI: 2.212 to 3.318, P < 0.001). Compared with rural students, accelerated RHR was more likely to occur in urban students (OR: 1.452, 95% CI: 1.333 to 1.583, P < 0.001). Additionally, students who came from the central and the eastern regions (OR: 1.452, 95% CI: 1.254 to 1.682, P < 0.001; OR: 1.363, 95% CI: 1.149 to 1.618, P < 0.001), rather than who came from the western regions, were more likely to have accelerated RHRs. Conclusions Students with accelerated RHRs made up a high proportion of college freshmen entering the university in 2015 to 2017 in Wuhan. For people aged around 18 years, more attention was needed to pay to RHRs and specific measures such as blood pressure management were required in advance to prevent accelerated RHRs.

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Knowledge, Perceptions, and Practice of Nurses on Surveillance of Adverse Events following Childhood Immunization in Nairobi, Kenya

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2016/3745298 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Calistus Wanjala Masika ◽

Harrysone Atieli ◽

Tom Were

Keyword(s):

Adverse Events ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Immunization Programs ◽

Childhood Immunization ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional

Background. Although vaccines currently approved for routine childhood immunization are safe and effective, frequent adverse events following immunization often cause illnesses and sometimes loss of public trust in immunization programs. Nurses are essential in this surveillance system.Objective. To determine nurses’ knowledge, perception, and practice towards surveillance of postimmunization adverse events within Nairobi County health centers, Kenya.Methods. This is a cross-sectional survey involving nursesn=274. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Differences in proportions of categorical variables were compared between groups using chi-square tests. Binary logistic regression model was used to compute independent predictors of outcome.Results. 29.2%, 32.1%, and 45.3% of the respondents had good knowledge, good practices, and good perceptions on AEFI surveillance, respectively. Respondents with diploma or degree nursing training level were 1.8 times and 2.5 times more likely to have good knowledge and good perception in AEFI surveillance, respectively. Nurses with previous AEFI training were 9.7 times and 1.8 times more likely to have good AEFI knowledge and practices, respectively.Conclusion.There is a need to train and mentor nurses on AEFI surveillance. Findings of this study will be valuable in informing policy review on childhood immunization programs.

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Impacts of CoVID-19 Pandemic on the Psychological Well Being of Students in a Nigerian University

Journal of Medical and Surgical Research ◽

10.46327/msrjg.1.000000000000173 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 798-806

Author(s):

Ajibola Idowu ◽

Damilola Akinola Olawuyi ◽

Chioma Olive Nwadioke

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Online Teaching ◽

Teaching Method ◽

Well Being ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Psychological Wellbeing ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nigerian Students

The novel Covid-19 pandemic has caused disruption of several activities globally. It has resulted in lockdown of economic activities in most countries including Nigeria. The effects of the pandemic and the associated lockdown on the mental health status of Nigerian students have not taken into perspective in the control efforts. This study was conducted to assess the burden of the psychological problems associated with COVID-19 pandemic and coping strategies among students at Bowen University, Iwo (BUI), Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey was conducted, and multi-stage sampling technique employed to recruit 433 eligible respondents. Validated online self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant information from respondents. Appropriate summary statistics were carried out, and Binary logistic regression model was developed to examine protective/risk-factors of decreased mental wellbeing among the respondents. Mean age of the respondents was 20.11 ± 2.9 years, almost three-quarter (72.7%) of them were females. In all, 55.0% of the respondents had decreased psychological wellbeing because of the lockdown. Protective factors against decreased mental wellbeing included online catting with friends/watching films (OR=0.22, 95%CI=1.37-3.59), and participating in online vocational training (OR=0.25, 95%CI=0.25-0.61). The odds of decreased mental wellbeing was significantly higher in students who indicated a need for substance use as coping strategy(OR=1.50, 95%CI=0.55-4.05), and those who were not satisfied with online teaching method (OR=5.34, 95%CI=4.13-9.18).The mental health impacts of COVID-19 on the Nigerian students is huge. Thus, psychological wellbeing of the Nigerian students should be taken into cognizance and prioritized in the post-COVID-19 national rebuilding strategies. Keywords: Covid-19, Determinants, Depression, Mental wellbeing, Mental disorders, Suicide

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Effect of home quarantine due to COVID19 pandemic on psychological status and behaviour of children 1½ to 5 years old. An online study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-960859/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

luma K.Mohammed ◽

Hanadi Hanadi Tawfeeq Hassoon Al-Maneaea

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Psychological Status ◽

Survey Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Under Five ◽

Online Study ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Primary Care Giver

Abstract BackgroundChildren are largely spared from the direct health effects of COVID-19, nevertheless, they are among the biggest victims because of the profound effect on their mental well-being, social development, safety, privacy, and their economic security.ObjectivesStudying the effect of home quarantine on the mental and psychological wellbeing of the under five years' children compared with their own status prior to the quarantine.Subjects and Methods: A comparative retrospective cross sectional survey study was carried out online. A sample of 200 under-five age children was taken and their primary care giver had answered the questions. The study was done in 2020.ResultsA statistically significant difference between the mean score of the children before and after quarantine (t= -6.8, p=.0001),most of the changes were increase screen time, increase stubbornness, clinging to parents, anger and sleeping problems.ConclusionsHome quarantine had a significant effect on the psychological status and behaviour of under-five age children.

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PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF STREET HAWKING ON THE WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN IN ANYIGBA, DEKINA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

Pakistan Journal of Public Health ◽

10.32413/pjph.v8i1.138 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 01-07

Author(s):

Alfred Eboh

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Survey Design ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Well Being ◽

Local Government Area ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Perceived Effects ◽

The Government

Background: The hawking of wares by children has been a serious issue confronting the Nigerian society. Children hawk in some of the most horrible conditions conceivable, where they face a serious risk of injury, chronic illness, kidnapping, rape or death. Objective: The focus of this study was to assess the perceived effects of street hawking on the well-being of children in Anyigba, Dekina Local Government Area of Kogi State. Methods: The population of this study consists of parents of the street hawkers in Anyigba while cross-sectional survey design was used through the purposive sampling technique to choose the sample size of one hundred and sixty-two (162) respondents. The validated structured questionnaire and In-Depth Interviews (IDIs) served as the instruments for the data collection respectively. The hypotheses were tested using Chi-Square at a predetermined 0.05 level of significance. The quantitative data were analysed with the aid of the SPSS (version 20). Results: The results indicated among others that street hawking had significant social implications and physical consequences on children's moral behaviour as well as health status in the study area. Conclusion: The study, therefore, concluded that the government of Kogi State should carry out an enlightenment campaign through the media and religious institutions on the negative consequences of street hawking are recommended as panacea. Also, the child right act instrument and its implementation should be strengthened in order to curb street hawking in the study area.

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