scholarly journals Factor structure of the University Personality Inventory in Japanese medical students

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Sugawara ◽  
Norio Yasui-Furukori ◽  
Masayuki Sayama ◽  
Kazutaka Shimoda
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Personality Inventory ◽  
University Admission ◽  
The University

Abstract Background The age of onset for most mental disorders is typically young adulthood, and the university setting is an important one for addressing mental health. The University Personality Inventory (UPI), which was developed to detect mental health problems in university students, is widely used for screening in Japan. However, there have been limited reports on the factor structure of the UPI based on a statistical test for binary indicators. The objective of this study was to assess the factor structure of the UPI in Japanese medical students. Methods This study examined the factor structure of the UPI in a sample of 1185 Japanese medical students at the time of university admission. The students were divided into subgroup A (n = 589) and subgroup B (n = 596) according to their year of university admission. Based on tetrachoric correlation coefficients, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with promax rotation was applied to explore the dimensions of the inventory in subgroup A. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was then conducted to verify the dimensions in subgroup B. Results The EFA with categorical variables yielded four factors in subgroup A. These factors, accounting for 48.9% of the variance, were labeled “Depression and Irritability”, “Anxiety and Persecutory Belief”, “Physical Symptoms”, and “Dependence”. The new four-factor structure showed good fit, and traditional factor structures previously reported were replicated via CFA. The internal consistency reliability was good for the overall UPI scale (alpha = 0.97) and for its four new factors (alpha = 0.83–0.91). Conclusions The UPI is a valid and reliable measure that can be used to assess symptoms across four dimensions of mental health in university settings. These findings offer a starting point for the detection of individuals with mental health problems.

Anxiety, Depression and Suicidal Behavior Among Medical Students from the University of Valladolid

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S290-S290 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Alvarez Astorga ◽  
M.H. De la Red Gallego ◽  
A. Alonso Sánchez ◽  
S. De la Fuente Ballesteros ◽  
T. Delgado Santillana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Time Data ◽  
The University

IntroductionSuicide is a major public health problem, especially in young people. It is one of the most significant causes of mortality and potential years of life lost. Medical students are a vulnerable group presenting mental health problems.ObjectivesTo study the prevalence of common mental illnesses among medical students from the university of Valladolid in order to assess the need for intervention programs.MethodsCross-sectional study in which, 584 students participated during the academic year 2015–2016 by completing an online self-administered questionnaire. Mental health outcomes were measured by different batteries of depression, anxiety and suicide (BDI, GAD-7 and MINI). Information about possible related risk factors was also obtained. Statistical Chi2 and Student t-tests were applied to estimate associations between socio-demographic, socioeconomic data and clinical results.ResultsWe found a prevalence of 15.8% for depression, 11.6% for ideation suicide and 38.5% for anxiety, with gender differences in the latter case. Prevalence rates were higher than those described in general population. Compared to other international studies, prevalence estimates were also higher among our sample.ConclusionsThis study shows for the first time data of these three psychiatric disorders among medical students in Spain. It suggests the urge to implementing preventive activities to alleviate maladaptive behaviors, academic stress, improve the quality of life and adaptation of students to college life. Larger, prospective, multicentre studies are needed to draw conclusions about the causes and consequences of students’ stress, since evidence shows that mental health problems are perpetuated throughout professional performance.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Student mental health and the general practitioner

1975 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
pp. 99-100
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Student Health ◽  
Student Health Services ◽  
The University

Although most universities run a health service, students with important mental health problems are often seen by their general practitioner. There are a number of reasons for this; first, health services in the colleges of higher education outside universities are still patchy and incomplete. Second, students are on vacation for up to 24 weeks a year. Third, a student may choose to consult anyone, and may prefer someone unconnected with the university. Last, many students live at home and continue to see their general practitioner. This underlines the need for close liason between the general practitioner and student health services.

scholarly journals Attitudes towards mental health problems scale: Confirmatory factor analysis and validation in the Portuguese population

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Moura Cabral Master ◽  
Célia Maria de Oliveira Barreto Carvalho ◽  
Carolina Dall’Antonia Motta ◽  
Marina Correia Sousa ◽  
Paul Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Portuguese Population ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

scholarly journals How can we help PhD students cope with mental health issues and drop-out? An extensive analysis of discourse.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Lemée ◽  
Flores Pierre ◽  
Boisselier Jeanne ◽  
Mary Guillard ◽  
Vincent Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Doctoral Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The University

Abstract There is a growing concern regarding the increase of the mental health problems among PhD students worldwide. This problem is worrying, and it remains a major issue for research teams and labs. However, the particularity of this environment has not been explored in consistent enough ways to provide a clear way forward for universities and health services to answer this problem. Therefore, we carried out a large online survey and collected 480 testimonies on health issues and work conditions from doctoral students and young doctors. Our aim was to identify levers and key factors for intervention. A lexicometric analysis of the discourse was carried out, using the Iramuteq package for R. Results highlight a need to intervene at different levels, in terms of instruction, prevention, care and follow-up to reduce mental health problems among PhD students. It also highlights the perceived importance of the university and feeling of belonging to a community as possible factors to reduce these problems and reduce drop out probability. More than anything, the study reveals that there are no differences in the discourse of doctoral students according to their field, which reveals the generality of these processes.

scholarly journals Burnout, does the university entrance test failing attribute? A Bangladeshi exploratory study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258100
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Mamun ◽  
Mariam Binte Safiq ◽  
Ismail Hosen ◽  
Firoj al Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Test Taking ◽  
Repeat Test ◽  
Entrance Test ◽  
The University

Getting admission into a university is highly competitive globally and can be regarded as a mental stressor for some individuals. In Bangladesh, most of the universities allow students to repeat the test, whereas repeat test-taking students are supposed to suffer from psychological issues like burnout because of academic non-achievement in their first attempt. But there is no prior study assessing burnout to the population, which was investigated herein. A cross-sectional study was carried out among a total of 911 Bangladeshi university entrance test-taking students (i.e., 49.5% first-time test-takers). The survey measures included socio-demographics, admission-related issues, and mental health problems (depression, anxiety, and burnout). Of the mental health problems, depression, anxiety, and burnout were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), and Maslach Burnout Inventory—Student Survey (MBI–SS), respectively. In light of two-dimensional and three-dimensional cutoff schemes of the MBI—SS, about 43.7% and 17.3% of the test-taking students, respectively, were classified to be burnout in the total sample. Additionally, 48.1%, 71.4%, and 49.1% of the students in the total sample reported higher emotional exhaustion, higher cynicism, and lower academic efficacy, respectively. In respect to the student status, two-dimensional burnout (48.0% vs. 39.2%; χ2 = 7.164, p = 0.007), and emotional exhaustion (52.2% vs. 43.9%, χ2 = 6.789, p = 0.034) were significantly higher among the repeat test-taking students. Satisfaction with previous mock tests, depression, and anxiety were the associated factors of burnout in all three samples. Based on the present study, it can be concluded that the university entrance test appearing students are highly prevalent to burnout, and the rate increases with academic non-achievement. As the first study assessing burnout to the population, the findings are anticipated to be helpful for policymaking and further studies both inside and outside Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Osteopathy and Mental Health: An Embodied, Predictive, and Interoceptive Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Bohlen ◽  
Robert Shaw ◽  
Francesco Cerritelli ◽  
Jorge E. Esteves
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Perceptual Inference ◽  
Person Centered Care ◽  
Centered Care

Globally, mental and musculoskeletal disorders present with high prevalence, disease burden, and comorbidity. In order to improve the quality of care for patients with persistent physical and comorbid mental health conditions, person-centered care approaches addressing psychosocial factors are currently advocated. Central to successful person-centered care is a multidisciplinary collaboration between mental health and musculoskeletal specialists underpinned by a robust therapeutic alliance. Such a collaborative approach might be found in osteopathy, which is typically utilized to treat patients with musculoskeletal disorders but may arguably also benefit mental health outcomes. However, research and practice exploring the reputed effect of osteopathy on patients with mental health problems lack a robust framework. In this hypothesis and theory article, we build upon research from embodied cognition, predictive coding, interoception, and osteopathy to propose an embodied, predictive and interoceptive framework that underpins osteopathic person-centered care for individuals with persistent physical and comorbid mental health problems. Based on the premise that, for example, chronic pain and comorbid depression are underlined by overly precise predictions or imprecise sensory information, we hypothesize that osteopathic treatment may generate strong interoceptive prediction errors that update the generative model underpinning the experience of pain and depression. Thus, physical and mental symptoms may be reduced through active and perceptual inference. We discuss how these theoretical perspectives can inform future research into osteopathy and mental health to reduce the burden of comorbid psychological factors in patients with persistent physical symptoms and support person-centered multidisciplinary care in mental health.

scholarly journals The factor structure of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale among perinatal high-risk and community samples in London

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Lautarescu ◽  
Suresh Victor ◽  
Alex Lau-Zhu ◽  
Serena J. Counsell ◽  
A. David Edwards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
History Of

AbstractTimely and accurate detection of perinatal mental health problems is essential for the wellbeing of both mother and child. Growing evidence has suggested that the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is not a unidimensional measure of perinatal depression, but can be used to screen for anxiety disorders. We aimed to assess the factor structure of the EPDS in 3 different groups of women: n = 266 pregnant women at high-risk of depression (“Perinatal Stress Study”), n = 471 pregnant women from a community sample, and n = 637 early postnatal women from a community sample (“developing Human Connectome Project”). Exploratory factor analysis (40% of each sample) and confirmatory factor analysis (60% of each sample) were performed. The relationship between EPDS scores and history of mental health concerns was investigated. Results suggested that a 3-factor model (depression, anxiety, and anhedonia) is the most appropriate across groups. The anxiety subscale (EPDS-3A) emerged consistently and was related to maternal history of anxiety disorders in the prenatal sample (W = 6861, p < 0.001). EPDS total score was related to history of mental health problems in both the prenatal (W = 12,185, p < 0.001) and postnatal samples (W = 30,044, p < 0.001). In both high-risk and community samples in the perinatal period, the EPDS appears to consist of depression, anxiety, and anhedonia subscales. A better understanding of the multifactorial structure of the EPDS can inform diagnosis and management of women in the prenatal and postnatal period. Further research is required to validate the EPDS-3A as a screening tool for anxiety.

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