scholarly journals Does vaporized hydrogen peroxide sterilization affect the geometrical properties of anatomic models and guides 3D printed from computed tomography images?

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Toro ◽  
Aura Cardona ◽  
Daniel Restrepo ◽  
Laura Buitrago
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Dimensional Error ◽  
Material Extrusion ◽  
Anatomic Models ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Abstract Background Material extrusion is used to 3D print anatomic models and guides. Sterilization is required if a 3D printed part touches the patient during an intervention. Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide (VHP) is one method of sterilization. There are four factors to consider when sterilizing an anatomic model or guide: sterility, biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and geometric fidelity. This project focuses on geometric fidelity for material extrusion of one polymer acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) using VHP. Methods De-identified computed tomography (CT) image data from 16 patients was segmented using Mimics Innovation Suite (Materialise NV, Leuven, Belgium). Eight patients had maxillary and mandibular defects depicted with the anatomic models, and eight had mandibular defects for the anatomic guides. Anatomic models and guides designed from the surfaces of CT scan reconstruction and segementation were 3D printed in medical-grade acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) material extrusion. The 16 parts underwent low-temperature sterilization with VHP. The dimensional error was estimated after sterilization by comparing scanned images of the 3D printed parts. Results The average of the estimated mean differences between the printed pieces before and after sterilization were − 0,011 ± 0,252 mm (95%CI − 0,011; − 0,010) for the models and 0,003 ± 0,057 mm (95%CI 0,002; 0,003) for the guides. Regarding the dimensional error of the sterilized parts compared to the original design, the estimated mean differences were − 0,082 ± 0,626 mm (95%CI − 0,083; − 0,081) for the models and 0,126 ± 0,205 mm (95%CI 0,126, 0,127) for the guides. Conclusion This project tested and verified dimensional stability, one of the four prerequisites for introducing vaporized hydrogen peroxide into 3D printing of anatomic models and guides; the 3D printed parts maintained dimensional stability after sterilization.

scholarly journals Essential work of fracture assessment of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) processed via fused filament fabrication additive manufacturing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Verma ◽  
Jabir Ubaid ◽  
Andreas Schiffer ◽  
Atul Jain ◽  
Emilio Martínez-Pañeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Essential Work ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Essential Work Of Fracture ◽  
Fracture Properties ◽  
Raster Angle ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printing Direction ◽  
Work Of Fracture ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

AbstractExperiments and finite element (FE) calculations were performed to study the raster angle–dependent fracture behaviour of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) thermoplastic processed via fused filament fabrication (FFF) additive manufacturing (AM). The fracture properties of 3D-printed ABS were characterized based on the concept of essential work of fracture (EWF), utilizing double-edge-notched tension (DENT) specimens considering rectilinear infill patterns with different raster angles (0°, 90° and + 45/− 45°). The measurements showed that the resistance to fracture initiation of 3D-printed ABS specimens is substantially higher for the printing direction perpendicular to the crack plane (0° raster angle) as compared to that of the samples wherein the printing direction is parallel to the crack (90° raster angle), reporting EWF values of 7.24 kJ m−2 and 3.61 kJ m−2, respectively. A relatively high EWF value was also reported for the specimens with + 45/− 45° raster angle (7.40 kJ m−2). Strain field analysis performed via digital image correlation showed that connected plastic zones existed in the ligaments of the DENT specimens prior to the onset of fracture, and this was corroborated by SEM fractography which showed that fracture proceeded by a ductile mechanism involving void growth and coalescence followed by drawing and ductile tearing of fibrils. It was further shown that the raster angle–dependent strength and fracture properties of 3D-printed ABS can be predicted with an acceptable accuracy by a relatively simple FE model considering the anisotropic elasticity and failure properties of FFF specimens. The findings of this study offer guidelines for fracture-resistant design of AM-enabled thermoplastics. Graphical abstract

Predicting strength of additively manufactured thermoplastic polymer parts produced using material extrusion

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Bartolai ◽  
Timothy W. Simpson ◽  
Renxuan Xie
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Temperature History ◽  
Interface Temperature ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Material Extrusion ◽  
Rheological Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Purpose The weakest point in additively manufactured polymer parts produced by material extrusion additive manufacturing (MEAM) is the interface between adjacent layers and deposition toolpaths or “roads”. This study aims to predict the mechanical strength of parts by utilizing a novel analytical approach. Strength predictions are made using the temperature history of these interfaces, polymer rheological data, and polymer weld theory. Design/methodology/approach The approach is validated using experimental data for two common 3D-printed polymers: polycarbonate (PC) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Interface temperature history data are collected in situ using infrared imaging. Rheological data of the polycarbonate and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene used to fabricate the fused filament fabrication parts in this study have been determined experimentally. Findings The strength of the interfaces has been predicted, to within 10% of experimental strength, using polymer weld theory from the literature adapted to the specific properties of the polycarbonate and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene feedstock used in this study. Originality/value This paper introduces a novel approach for predicting the strength of parts produced by MEAM based on the strength of interfaces using polymer weld theory, polymer rheology, temperature history of the interface and the forces applied to the interface. Unlike methods that require experimental strength data as a prediction input, the proposed approach is material and build orientation agnostic once fundamental parameters related to material composition have been determined.

Characterization of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene for 3D Printed Patch Antenna

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norun Abdul Malek ◽  
Athirah Mohd Ramly ◽  
Atiah Sidek ◽  
Sarah Yasmin Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Patch Antenna ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Tangent Loss ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Conformal Antennas ◽  
Complex Design ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

<p>3D printing is one of the additive manufacturing technology that has gain popularity for time saving and complex design. This technology increases a degree of flexibility for potential 3D RF applications such as wearable and conformal antennas. This paper demonstrates a circular patch antenna fabricated on 3D printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) filament. The main reason of using a 3D printer is that it is accurate, easy to fabricate of a complex geometry and the ability to create new antennas that cannot be made using conventional fabrication techniques. The ABS material has a tangent loss of 0.0051 and the relative permittivity is 2.74. The thickness of the substrate is 1.25 mm. The simulation has been performed using Computer Simulation Technology (CST). The return loss from simulation software is in good match with measurement which is 12.5dB at 2.44GHz. Hence, from the results obtained, the ABS could be used as a substrate for an antenna.</p>

Synergistic effect of loads and speeds on the dry sliding behaviour of fused filament fabrication 3D-printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene pins with different internal geometries

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 2525-2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Fadzli Bin Abdollah ◽  
Mohamad Nordin Mohamad Norani ◽  
Muhammad Ilman Hakimi Chua Abdullah ◽  
Hilmi Amiruddin ◽  
Faiz Redza Ramli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Piezoelectrets with well‐defined cavities produced from 3D‐printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene structures

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (24) ◽  
pp. 2028-2030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.A.O. Assagra ◽  
R.A.P. Altafim ◽  
R.A.C. Altafim ◽  
J.P. Carmo
Keyword(s):  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Butadiene Styrene
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