scholarly journals Legionnaires’ disease in the time of COVID-19

Pneumonia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsie Cassell ◽  
J Lucian Davis ◽  
Ruth Berkelman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Source Attribution ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk Factor

AbstractDue to similarities in initial disease presentation, clinicians may be inclined to repeatedly test community-acquired pneumonia cases for COVID-19 before recognizing the need to test for Legionnaires’ disease. Legionnaires’ disease is an illness characterized by pneumonia that has a summer/early fall seasonality due to favorable conditions for Legionella growth and exposure. Legionella proliferate in warm water environments and stagnant sections of indoor plumbing and cooling systems. During the ongoing pandemic crisis, exposures to aerosolized water from recently reopened office or retail buildings should be considered as an epidemiologic risk factor for Legionella exposure and an indication to test. The majority of Legionnaires’ disease cases occurring each year are not diagnosed, and some experts recommend that all patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia without a known etiology be tested for Legionella infection. Proper diagnosis can increase the likelihood of appropriate and timely antibiotic treatment, identify potential clusters of disease, and facilitate source attribution.

The Prospective Epidemiologic Risk Factor (PERF I) Study: A serum biomarker reflecting collagen type I degradation as an early detection tool for cancer.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11074-11074
Author(s):  
Cecilie Liv Bager ◽  
Stephanie Nina Kehlet ◽  
Nicholas Willumsen ◽  
Anne-Christine Bay-Jensen ◽  
Jesper Neergaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Serum Biomarker ◽  
Type I ◽  
Detection Tool ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk Factor

scholarly journals Remodeling of the Tumor Microenvironment Predicts Increased Risk of Cancer in Postmenopausal Women: The Prospective Epidemiologic Risk Factor (PERF I) Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1348-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilie L. Bager ◽  
Nicholas Willumsen ◽  
Stephanie N. Kehlet ◽  
Henrik B. Hansen ◽  
Anne-Christine Bay-Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk Factor

Degradation of extracellular matrix measured in serum for predicting mortality risk in women diagnosed with cancer: The Prospective Epidemiologic Risk Factor (PERF I) study.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9582-9582
Author(s):  
Nicholas Willumsen ◽  
Stephanie Nina Kehlet ◽  
Cecilie Liv Bager ◽  
Kathrine Dragsbaek ◽  
Jesper Neergaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk Factor

scholarly journals Comparing Patient Risk Factor-, Sequence Type-, and Resistance Locus Identification-Based Approaches for Predicting Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli Bloodstream Infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek R. MacFadden ◽  
Roberto G. Melano ◽  
Bryan Coburn ◽  
Nathalie Tijet ◽  
William P. Hanage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Gene Identification ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk Factor

ABSTRACT Rapid diagnostic tests for antibiotic resistance that identify the presence or absence of antibiotic resistance genes/loci are increasingly being developed. However, these approaches usually neglect other sources of predictive information which could be identified over shorter time periods, including patient epidemiologic risk factors for antibiotic resistance and markers of lineage. Using a data set of 414 Escherichia coli isolates recovered from separate episodes of bacteremia at a single academic institution in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, between 2010 and 2015, we compared the potential predictive ability of three approaches (epidemiologic risk factor-, pathogen sequence type [ST]-, and resistance gene identification-based approaches) for classifying phenotypic resistance to three antibiotics representing classes of broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy (ceftriaxone [a 3rd-generation cephalosporin], ciprofloxacin [a fluoroquinolone], and gentamicin [an aminoglycoside]). We used logistic regression models to generate model receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Predictive discrimination was measured using apparent and corrected (bootstrapped) areas under the curves (AUCs). Epidemiologic risk factor-based models based on two simple risk factors (prior antibiotic exposure and recent prior susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria) provided a modest predictive discrimination, with AUCs ranging from 0.65 to 0.74. Sequence type-based models demonstrated strong discrimination (AUCs, 0.83 to 0.94) across all three antibiotic classes. The addition of epidemiologic risk factors to sequence type significantly improved the ability to predict resistance for all antibiotics (P < 0.05). Resistance gene identification-based approaches provided the highest degree of discrimination (AUCs, 0.88 to 0.99), with no statistically significant benefit being achieved by adding the patient epidemiologic predictors. In summary, sequence type or other lineage-based approaches could produce an excellent discrimination of antibiotic resistance and may be improved by incorporating readily available patient epidemiologic predictors but are less discriminatory than identification of the presence of known resistance loci.

Development and validation of a streamlined autism case confirmation approach for use in epidemiologic risk factor research in prospective cohorts

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig J. Newschaffer ◽  
Emily Schriver ◽  
Lindsay Berrigan ◽  
Rebecca Landa ◽  
Wendy L. Stone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Prospective Cohorts ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk Factor

Healthcare associated pneumonia: An old concept at a hospital with high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance

MedPharmRes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Lam Nguyen-Ho ◽  
Duong Hoang-Thai ◽  
Vu Le-Thuong ◽  
Ngoc Tran-Van
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Resistant Organism ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background: One of several reasons that the concept of healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) was dismissed was the same presence of multidrug resistant organism (MDRO) between community-acquired pneumonia and HCAP at countries with the low prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, this finding could be unsuitable for countries with the high rates of AMR. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at the respiratory department of Cho Ray hospital from September 2015 to April 2016. All adult patients suitable for community acquired pneumonia (CAP) with risk factor for healthcare-associated infection were included. Results: We found out 130 subjects. The median age was 71 years (interquartile range 57-81). The male/female ratio was 1.55:1. Prior hospitalization was the most common risk factor for healthcare-associated infection. There were 35 cases (26.9%) with culture-positive (sputum and/or bronchial lavage). Isolated bacteria included Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9 cases), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9 cases), Escherichia coli (4 cases), Acinetobacter baumannii (6 cases), and Staphylococcus aureus (7 cases) with the characteristic of AMR similar to the bacterial spectrum associated with hospital-acquired pneumonia. Conclusion: MDROs were detected frequently in CAP patients with risk factor for healthcare-associated infection at the hospital with the high prevalence of AMR. This requires the urgent need to evaluate risk factors for MDRO infection in community-onset pneumonia when the concept of HCAP is no longer used.

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