scholarly journals Remodeling of the Tumor Microenvironment Predicts Increased Risk of Cancer in Postmenopausal Women: The Prospective Epidemiologic Risk Factor (PERF I) Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1348-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilie L. Bager ◽  
Nicholas Willumsen ◽  
Stephanie N. Kehlet ◽  
Henrik B. Hansen ◽  
Anne-Christine Bay-Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk Factor

scholarly journals CANCER OF THE ORGANS OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM IN WOMEN WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES. EFFECTS OF ANTIDIABETIC THERAPY

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 967-971
Author(s):  
Tamara S. Vatseba
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Uterine Cancer ◽  
Antidiabetic Therapy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Impact

The aim: to investigate the prevalence of cancer of the reproductive system in women with type 2 diabetes, and to examine the impact of antidiabetic therapy on cancer risk of this localization. Materials and methods: The study included a retrospective analysis of medical records of women with T2D with first diagnosed cancer during 2012-2016. The bases for the study were specialized medical institutions in Ivano-Frankivsk region. The obtained results were processed using statistical programs “Microsoft Excel” and “Statistika-12”. Results: Breast, uterine, and ovarian cancer were detected in 202 postmenopausal women, 63.92% from the total number of cancer cases in women. An increased risk of breast [OR = 1.24; 95% CI (1.04 – 1.50) P = 0.019] and uterine cancer [OR = 1.32; 95% CI (1.02 – 1.69) P = 0.040] has been identified. Most often, before the detection of cancer, women received combination therapy with sulfonylurea and metformin (83 patients (57.64%)) with BMI 32.64 ± 3.69 kg/m2. The difference between risk of cancer on metformin monotherapy and on sulfonylurea monotherapy [OR = 2.17; 95% CI (0.88 – 5.36) P = 0.141] or on combination therapy [OR = 1.68; 95% CI (0.76 – 3.74) P = 0.276] was not found. Conclusions: Postmenopausal women have an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer and are recommended to be screened for these diseases

scholarly journals Legionnaires’ disease in the time of COVID-19

Pneumonia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelsie Cassell ◽  
J Lucian Davis ◽  
Ruth Berkelman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Source Attribution ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Early Fall ◽  
Legionnaires Disease ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk Factor

AbstractDue to similarities in initial disease presentation, clinicians may be inclined to repeatedly test community-acquired pneumonia cases for COVID-19 before recognizing the need to test for Legionnaires’ disease. Legionnaires’ disease is an illness characterized by pneumonia that has a summer/early fall seasonality due to favorable conditions for Legionella growth and exposure. Legionella proliferate in warm water environments and stagnant sections of indoor plumbing and cooling systems. During the ongoing pandemic crisis, exposures to aerosolized water from recently reopened office or retail buildings should be considered as an epidemiologic risk factor for Legionella exposure and an indication to test. The majority of Legionnaires’ disease cases occurring each year are not diagnosed, and some experts recommend that all patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia without a known etiology be tested for Legionella infection. Proper diagnosis can increase the likelihood of appropriate and timely antibiotic treatment, identify potential clusters of disease, and facilitate source attribution.

The Prospective Epidemiologic Risk Factor (PERF I) Study: A serum biomarker reflecting collagen type I degradation as an early detection tool for cancer.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11074-11074
Author(s):  
Cecilie Liv Bager ◽  
Stephanie Nina Kehlet ◽  
Nicholas Willumsen ◽  
Anne-Christine Bay-Jensen ◽  
Jesper Neergaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Serum Biomarker ◽  
Type I ◽  
Detection Tool ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk Factor

Abstract 11875: Risk of Malignant Cancer Among Women With New-onset Atrial Fibrillation

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Conen ◽  
Jorge A Wong ◽  
Roopinder K Sandhu ◽  
Nancy R Cook ◽  
I-Min Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Incident Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
New Onset

Introduction: A substantial proportion of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) die of non-cardiovascular causes, and recent studies suggest a link between AF and cancer. However, this association has not been evaluated in long-term prospective studies. Methods: A total of 34691 women ≥45 years and free of AF, cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline were prospectively followed for incident AF and malignant cancer within the Women’s Health Study. All incident AF and cancer events were validated by medical record review. Cox proportional-hazards models using time-updated covariates were constructed to assess the relationship of new-onset AF with incident cancer and to adjust for potential confounders. We then assessed the risk of incident AF among women with cancer using a similar modelling approach. Results: Mean age at baseline was 55±7 years. During 19.1 years of follow-up, we observed 1467 (4.2%) AF and 5130 (14.8%) cancer events. AF was a significant risk factor for incident cancer in age-adjusted (hazard ratio (HR) 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.34, 1.87, p<0.0001) and multivariable adjusted (HR 1.49, 95% CI, 1.26, 1.77, p<0.0001) models, and was increased among women with paroxysmal (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.09, 1.67, p=0.005) and non-paroxysmal AF (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.23, 2.09, p=0.0004). The risk of cancer was highest in the first 3 months after new-onset AF (HR 3.53, 95% CI 2.05, 6.08, p<0.0001) but remained significant beyond 1 year (adjusted HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.19, 1.73, p=0.0001). New-onset AF was also associated with an increased risk of cancer mortality (adjusted HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01, 1.85, p=0.04). In contrast, women with new-onset cancer had an increased risk of incident AF within 3 months (HR 4.61, 95% CI 2.81, 7.54, p<0.0001) but not beyond 1 year (HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.97, 1.41, p=0.11). Conclusions: In this large cohort of initially healthy women, new-onset AF was a significant risk factor for the short and long term diagnosis of incident cancer. In contrast, cancer was not associated with an increased AF risk over the long term. Our results may suggest that AF could be an early sign of occult cancer or an underlying systemic process conferring an increased cancer risk.

Degradation of extracellular matrix measured in serum for predicting mortality risk in women diagnosed with cancer: The Prospective Epidemiologic Risk Factor (PERF I) study.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9582-9582
Author(s):  
Nicholas Willumsen ◽  
Stephanie Nina Kehlet ◽  
Cecilie Liv Bager ◽  
Kathrine Dragsbaek ◽  
Jesper Neergaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk Factor

scholarly journals Comparing Patient Risk Factor-, Sequence Type-, and Resistance Locus Identification-Based Approaches for Predicting Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli Bloodstream Infections

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek R. MacFadden ◽  
Roberto G. Melano ◽  
Bryan Coburn ◽  
Nathalie Tijet ◽  
William P. Hanage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Gene Identification ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk ◽  
Epidemiologic Risk Factor

ABSTRACT Rapid diagnostic tests for antibiotic resistance that identify the presence or absence of antibiotic resistance genes/loci are increasingly being developed. However, these approaches usually neglect other sources of predictive information which could be identified over shorter time periods, including patient epidemiologic risk factors for antibiotic resistance and markers of lineage. Using a data set of 414 Escherichia coli isolates recovered from separate episodes of bacteremia at a single academic institution in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, between 2010 and 2015, we compared the potential predictive ability of three approaches (epidemiologic risk factor-, pathogen sequence type [ST]-, and resistance gene identification-based approaches) for classifying phenotypic resistance to three antibiotics representing classes of broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy (ceftriaxone [a 3rd-generation cephalosporin], ciprofloxacin [a fluoroquinolone], and gentamicin [an aminoglycoside]). We used logistic regression models to generate model receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Predictive discrimination was measured using apparent and corrected (bootstrapped) areas under the curves (AUCs). Epidemiologic risk factor-based models based on two simple risk factors (prior antibiotic exposure and recent prior susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria) provided a modest predictive discrimination, with AUCs ranging from 0.65 to 0.74. Sequence type-based models demonstrated strong discrimination (AUCs, 0.83 to 0.94) across all three antibiotic classes. The addition of epidemiologic risk factors to sequence type significantly improved the ability to predict resistance for all antibiotics (P < 0.05). Resistance gene identification-based approaches provided the highest degree of discrimination (AUCs, 0.88 to 0.99), with no statistically significant benefit being achieved by adding the patient epidemiologic predictors. In summary, sequence type or other lineage-based approaches could produce an excellent discrimination of antibiotic resistance and may be improved by incorporating readily available patient epidemiologic predictors but are less discriminatory than identification of the presence of known resistance loci.

scholarly journals Profiling of Endogenous Estrogens, Their Precursors, and Metabolites in Endometrial Cancer Patients: Association with Risk and Relationship to Clinical Characteristics

Endocrinology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 335-335
Author(s):  
Étienne Audet-Walsh ◽  
Johanie Lépine ◽  
Jean Grégoire ◽  
Marie Plante ◽  
Patrick Caron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Cancer ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Type I ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Circulating Levels

Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) predominantly occurs after menopause and is strongly related to steroid hormones, particularly estrogens. However, the relationship between these hormones and clinical characteristics remains unaddressed. Experimental Design: We analyzed the circulating levels of 18 steroids including adrenal precursors, androgens, estrogens, and their glucuronide metabolites, using specific and validated methods based on tandem mass spectrometry. Our goals were to compare circulating levels in postmenopausal women with EC (n = 126) with those of healthy postmenopausal women (n = 110) and to investigate how these hormonal levels relate to clinical characteristics. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, most hormones were significantly elevated in EC patients compared with healthy controls. In women with type I cancer, estrogen levels were up to 3-fold those of healthy women (P &lt; 0.05). These higher levels were associated with an increased risk of cancer, particularly estrogens and their direct precursors, testosterone and androstenedione (odds ratios ranging from 4.4 to 13.3; P ≤ 0.0003). Elevated circulating levels of estrogens and their metabolites were found in cancer cases with type I endometrioid cancer and low-grade and noninvasive tumor, suggesting an association between these hormones and the tumoral estrogenic activity. In addition, levels of estrone sulfate in EC patients with relapse were 2-fold over levels of EC patients without relapse (P &lt; 0.05), and 4.5-fold over those of healthy women (P &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Circulating levels of steroids were associated with increased risk of EC. Estrogens may represent novel biomarkers predictive of clinical characteristics, including evidence for an increased risk of relapse.

Obesity and Risk of Cancer in Postmenopausal Korean Women

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 3395-3402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Mi Song ◽  
Joohon Sung ◽  
Mina Ha
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Baseline Measurement ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Corpus Uteri ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Purpose To evaluate an association between obesity, measured by body mass index (BMI; kg/m2), and risk of cancer at individual and all sites in postmenopausal women. Methods A cohort of 170,481 postmenopausal Korean women who were age 40 to 64 years at baseline measurement of BMI was observed prospectively from 1994 to 2003 for cancer incidence. Multivariable adjusted proportional hazard models were used for evaluating the association. Results Women with a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or higher had a 23% higher risk of cancer than women with a BMI between 21.0 and 22.9 kg/m2 (hazard ratio = 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.41). According to the increase in BMI level, significant positive trends existed in cancers of colon, breast, corpus uteri, and kidney with hazard ratios of 1.05 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.08), 1.07 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.10), 1.13 (95% CI, 1.07 to 1.20), and 1.08 (95% CI, 1.02 to 1.15), respectively, for the increase of BMI by 1 kg/m2. When the analysis was limited to never-smokers, women with a BMI of 25 kg/m2 or higher showed a significantly increased risk of cancers of the colon, breast, corpus uteri, and kidney and leukemia compared with the normal BMI (18.5 to 22.9 kg/m2) group. Conclusion Although variations exist between the individual cancer sites, obesity was associated with an overall increased risk of cancer in postmenopausal Korean women. To reduce the risk of cancer, active strategies to prevent obesity should be implemented in postmenopausal women.

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