scholarly journals Reasons for individual and concurrent use of vaped nicotine and cannabis: their similarities, differences, and association with product use

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M. Smith ◽  
Lynn Kozlowski ◽  
Richard J. O’Connor ◽  
Andrew Hyland ◽  
R. Lorraine Collins
Keyword(s):  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Cannabis Smoking ◽  
Reasons For Use

Abstract Background Understanding similarities, differences, and associations between reasons people vape nicotine and cannabis may be important for identifying underlying contributors to their co-use. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 112 co-users of vaped nicotine and cannabis was conducted in 2020. A convenience sample of participants was recruited for the survey using Amazon Mechanical Turk. Participants responded to questions about their reasons for individual nicotine and cannabis product use and co-use and rated their level of agreement using numerical scales. Mean ratings for each reason for use subscale were examined across all participants and compared using paired samples t tests. Associations between reasons for use ratings and product consumption behaviors were examined using linear and logistic regression analyses. Results Cannabis vaping and smoking exhibited similar mean ratings for user experience and product/substance-related reasons for use. Mean ratings for reasons related to product utility were similar for cannabis vaping and nicotine vaping. Mean ratings for utility-related reasons for use were higher for cannabis vaping than cannabis smoking (mean (SD), 3.6 (± 1.0) vs. 2.6 (± 1.2), p < 0.0001). On average, harm reduction-related reasons for use were rated higher for nicotine vaping than cannabis vaping (2.4 (± 1.6) vs. 1.8 (± 1.4), p < 0.0001). Regression models showed higher average ratings for utility-related (b = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.03-0.60) and harm reduction-related (b = 0.21; 95% CI, 0.04-0.37) reasons for nicotine vaping were associated with more frequent nicotine vaping (both p < 0.05). Higher average ratings for instrumentality-related reasons for co-use corresponded with more frequent monthly nicotine vaping (b = 0.26; 95% CI, 0.08-0.44) and higher odds of ever chasing cannabis with nicotine (aOR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.29-7.30). Conclusions Vaping serves purposes that differ by substance; nicotine vaping was more closely related to reducing tobacco smoking-related harms, and cannabis vaping was more closely related to circumventing social problems posed by cannabis smoking. Lifetime sequential co-use practices and more frequent nicotine vaping were associated with enhancing the intoxicating effects of cannabis. While replication of these findings using non convenience-based sampling approaches is warranted, results underscore the need to consider shared and unique aspects of nicotine and cannabis vaping, as well as cross-substance interactions between nicotine and cannabis.

scholarly journals Work of Health Educators in a Clinical Setting

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Lisa Smith ◽  
James F. McKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Clinical Setting ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Health Educators ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Areas ◽  
Survey Results

This study examined the task of health educators working in a clinical setting to better understand their roles. The study was designed as a descriptive, cross-sectional survey using a convenience sample of health educators who worked in clinical settings in Indiana and who had a college degree in health education. Forty health educators were contacted and 62% of the subjects participated in the survey. Results indicated most jobs were similar in nature and the health education curriculum studied helped them in the roles they were serving. However, many educators felt there were other content areas of study that would have been helpful to prepare them for working in the clinical setting. A majority of the respondents reported that having Certified Health Education Specialist (CHES) certification was helpful and necessary in their positions.

Experiences of Community Advisory Board Members with Virtual Compared with In-Person Meeting Participation: An Exploratory Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian W West ◽  
Tabetha A Brockman ◽  
Monica L Albertie ◽  
Shantel M Williams ◽  
Farhia M Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mayo Clinic ◽  
Community Advisory Board ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Advisory Boards ◽  
Virtual Meetings ◽  
Virtual Platform ◽  
Insight Into

BACKGROUND Community Advisory Boards (CABs) play an essential role in clinical and translational science. Due to the safety protocols put in place due to the COVID-19 pandemic the CABs at all three Mayo Clinic locations (AZ, FL, MN) transitioned from meeting in person to meeting virtually. Data was collected from current members at all three sites to gain insight into the use of a virtual platform compared with meeting in person. OBJECTIVE This study collected data from current CABs members at all three sites to get insight into the use of a virtual platform compared with meeting in person. The data collected in this study was sought to help guide future decisions surrounding CAB meetings. METHODS This study used a one-time cross-sectional survey that was distributed to a convenience sample of Mayo Clinic CAB members. The digital survey was sent out to CAB members using email addressed provided by the members. The survey consisted of 11 questions. RESULTS Fifty-five percent of members said their ability to attend meetings had increased and 45% reported this stayed the same; none reported a decrease. Data showed that 80% of CAB members reported their experiences had increased in a positive direction or stayed the same when attending virtual meetings compared with in person meetings. 61% of respondents indicated a high level of attending all future meetings using a virtual platform. CONCLUSIONS The findings from this study provide insights into the feasibility of conducting CAB meetings using a virtual platform compared with meeting in person. Data collected from this survey can aid other CABs at various institutions on the preferences of current members on attending virtual meetings compared with in-person meetings. The data and knowledge obtained from this study surrounding the use of virtual meetings can aid CABs in their ability to continue to provide their essential services despite the limitations on meeting in person.

scholarly journals Use of complementary medicine products: a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of 2019 Australian adults

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e024198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna E Harnett ◽  
Erica McIntyre ◽  
Amie Steel ◽  
Hope Foley ◽  
David Sibbritt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complementary Medicine ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Hospital Doctors ◽  
Nationally Representative

ObjectivesTo provide a contemporary description of complementary medicine (CM) product use in Australia.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingOnline.ParticipantsA nationally representative sample (n=2019) of the Australian adult population.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcomes measures included the use and type of CM products used, and source of recommendation. Secondary measures included disclosure of CM product use to health practitioners, concomitant use of pharmaceuticals and predictors of use.ResultsPrevalence of CM product use was 50.3%, with the most frequently used being vitamin and mineral supplements (VMSs; 47.8%) and homoeopathic medicines the least used (6.8%). A majority of respondents using CM products were also using pharmaceutical products, and small but significant associations were found between the use of CM products and pharmaceuticals (p<0.05). Small statistically significant associations were found between use of vitamin products and disclosure of use to general practitioners (GPs; Cramer’s V=0.13, p=0.004) and hospital doctors (Cramer’s V=0.11, p=0.04), and between use of herbal medicines and disclosure to both GPs (Cramer’s V=0.11, p=0.02) and hospital doctors (Cramer’s V=0.12, p=0.03). Women, those with higher education and those with no private health insurance were more likely to use CM products (p<0.05), while those without chronic conditions were less likely to use CM products (p<0.05) (χ2(29)=174.70, p<0.001).ConclusionsThe number of Australians using CM products has remained relatively stable and substantial for nearly two decades. The majority of CM use relates to VMSs. Given the number of Australians using both CM products and pharmaceutical medicines, it is important to evaluate the potential clinical implications of such practices to ensure safe, effective and coordinated health policy and patient care.

JUUL electronic cigarette use patterns, other tobacco product use, and reasons for use among ever users: Results from a convenience sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 178-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor L.S. Leavens ◽  
Elise M. Stevens ◽  
Emma I. Brett ◽  
Emily T. Hébert ◽  
Andrea C. Villanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Product ◽  
Electronic Cigarette ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Product Use ◽  
Reasons For Use

scholarly journals Nurses' knowledge of universal health coverage for inclusive and sustainable elderly care services

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Ling Ngai Tung ◽  
Vincent Chun Man Yan ◽  
Winnie Ling Yin Tai ◽  
Jing Han Chen ◽  
Joanne Wai-yee Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Healthcare Policy ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Universal Health ◽  
Nurses Knowledge

Objectives: to explore nurses' knowledge of universal health coverage (UHC) for inclusive and sustainable development of elderly care services. Method: this was a cross-sectional survey. A convenience sample of 326 currently practicing enrolled nurses (EN) or registered nurses (RN) was recruited. Respondents completed a questionnaire which was based on the implementation strategies advocated by the WHO Global Forum for Governmental Chief Nursing Officers and Midwives (GCNOMs). Questions covered the government initiative, healthcare financing policy, human resources policy, and the respondents' perception of importance and contribution of nurses in achieving UHC in elderly care services. Results: the knowledge of nurses about UHC in elderly care services was fairly satisfactory. Nurses in both clinical practice and management perceived themselves as having more contribution and importance than those in education. They were relatively indifferent to healthcare policy and politics. Conclusion: the survey uncovered a considerable knowledge gap in nurses' knowledge of UHC in elderly care services, and shed light on the need for nurses to be more attuned to healthcare policy. The educational curriculum for nurses should be strengthened to include studies in public policy and advocacy. Nurses can make a difference through their participation in the development and implementation of UHC in healthcare services.

Resettled Bhutanese Refugees in Ottawa: What Coping Strategies Promote Psychological Well-Being?

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Subedi ◽  
Dana S. Edge ◽  
Catherine L. Goldie ◽  
Monakshi Sawhney
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Bhutanese Refugees ◽  
Self Blame ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
Positive Reframing

Background Since 2008, Bhutanese refugees have been resettled in Canada, including Ottawa. This relocation and resettling process is associated with significant physical and psychological stress, as individuals acclimatize to a new country. Purpose To assess the relationship between coping strategies and psychological well-being of Bhutanese refugees resettled in Ottawa. Methods A cross-sectional survey utilizing a convenience sample of adults (n = 110) was conducted in the fall of 2015 in Ottawa. Two tools, Brief COPE and general well-being schedule were used. Results Bhutanese refugees were in moderate distress. Using multiple linear regression, age, education, and three coping strategies (positive reframing, self-blame, and venting) were identified as predictors of general well-being ( F (11, 96) = 3.61, p < .001, R2 = 21.2%). Higher levels of education and positive reframing were associated with greater general well-being scores, while self-blame and well-being between ages 41 and 50 years were inversely associated with general well-being. Conclusions Findings suggest that a broad intersectorial approach between nurses and partner agencies is needed to enhance the mental health of this population for better adjustment in the host country. Nurses could provide support and counseling to minimize the use of self-blame and venting and promote positive coping strategies.

scholarly journals Master of Science in Nursing students’ expectations to participate in nursing research-related tasks in clinical practice after completing their education – A cross-sectional survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Connie Berthelsen ◽  
Bente Martinsen ◽  
Marianne Vamosi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Daily Clinical Practice ◽  
Nursing Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Master Of Science

Objective: To describe Master of Science in Nursing students’ expectations to participate in nursing research-related tasks in daily clinical practice after completing their education.Methods: To support this assumption a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to describe Master of Science in nursing students’ expectations to participate in nursing research-related tasks in daily clinical practice after completing their education. Data were collected using a 41-item structured questionnaire.Results: A convenience sample of Master of Science in Nursing students (n = 116) was recruited during their third semester and 92 (79.3%) students replied the questionnaire. The results showed how 91.3% of the students expressed high expectations regarding their possibilities for participation in nursing research-related tasks in clinical practice. However, 64.1% doubted that time and resources would be allocated to nursing research.Conclusions: The key motivator for the students was to improve patient care, further develop clinical practice, and strengthen the nursing profession. However, the literature suggests that colleagues and the nursing management in clinical practice impose certain barriers that prevent nurses from participating in research.

Preparing for NICU Discharge: Mothers’ Concerns

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Raines
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Main Outcome Variable

Purpose: To quantify mothers’ concerns in anticipation of their infant’s discharge from the NICUDesign: An exploratory, cross-sectional survey design was used.Sample: A convenience sample of 150 mothersMain Outcome Variable: The focus was the mothers’ concerns about their infant’s impending discharge.Results: The mothers expressed confidence in their ability as a caregiver but expressed concern about being tired, the need for readmission to the hospital, and missing a change in the infant’s conditions.

Characterization of nurses’ duty to care and willingness to report

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 348-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charleen McNeill ◽  
Danita Alfred ◽  
Tracy Nash ◽  
Jenifer Chilton ◽  
Melvin S Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Discussion Board ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
The University ◽  
Willingness To Report

Background: Nurses must balance their perceived duty to care against their perceived risk of harm to determine their willingness to report during disaster events, potentially creating an ethical dilemma and impacting patient care. Research aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate nurses’ perceived duty to care and whether there were differences in willingness to respond during disaster events based on perceived levels of duty to care. Research design: A cross-sectional survey research design was used in this study. Participants and research context: Using a convenience sample with a snowball technique, data were collected from 289 nurses throughout the United States in 2017. Participants were recruited through host university websites, Facebook, and an American Nurses Association discussion board. Ethical considerations: Institutional review board approval was obtained from the University of Texas at Tyler and the University of Arkansas. Findings: Analysis of willingness to report to work based on levels of perceived duty to care resulted in the emergence of two groups: “lower level of perceived duty to care group” and “higher level of perceived duty to care group.” The most discriminating characteristics differentiating the groups included fear of abandonment by co-workers, reporting because it is morally the right thing to, and because of imperatives within the Nursing Code of Ethics. Discussion: The number of nurses in the lower level of perceived duty to care group causes concern. It is important for nursing management to develop strategies to advance nurses’ safety, minimize nurses’ risk, and promote nurses’ knowledge to confidently work during disaster situations. Conclusion: Level of perceived duty to care affects nurses’ willingness to report to work during disasters. Primary indicators of low perceived duty to care are amenable to actionable strategies, potentially increasing nurses’ perceived duty to provide care and willingness to report to work during disasters.

scholarly journals Impact of postgraduate study on healthcare professionals' academic and clinical practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 171-178
Author(s):  
Samantha Holloway ◽  
Ann Taylor ◽  
Michal Tombs
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Setting ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Postgraduate Study ◽  
The Impact

Aims/Background Existing literature in the healthcare setting indicates that individuals enter higher education, particularly postgraduate programmes, to gain in-depth knowledge of a subject area, with a view to improving their career opportunities. Evidence also suggests that, in addition to perceived career enhancement, individuals also report benefits such as personal growth and broadening of perspectives, which have helped their clinical practice. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of postgraduate study on healthcare professionals' academic practice and discuss the potential links to improvements in clinical practice. Method This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of graduates from a range of postgraduate healthcare programmes at one UK university. A survey comprising 18 questions was designed to explore perceptions of impact and was distributed to 962 graduates with a response rate of 9.81% (n=98). Results The majority of respondents were doctors (n=54, 55.1%), women (n=59, 60.2%), based within the UK (n=36, 36.7%) and had completed their programme between 2014 and 2016 (n=72, 73.4%). With regards to achievements in professional practice, participants felt more confident in relation to research and evaluating evidence. In relation to impact on clinical practice, improvements in multidisciplinary team working as well as increased confidence emerged as main themes. Conclusions Findings support existing evidence in relation to the importance of postgraduate study, which is able to instil an increased sense of confidence in graduates' ability. This was particularly related to having a better understanding of speciality-related evidence and its application in clinical practice. This is something that previous studies do not seem to have reported and may reflect the multiprofessional nature of many of the postgraduate programmes provided.

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