THE PARTICLE STATISTICS OF RUBBLE PRODUCED BY UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS

Geophysics ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard C. Rodean
Keyword(s):  
Rock Fracture ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosion ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Prediction And Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Particle Statistics ◽  
Mean Particle Diameter

Underground nuclear explosions produce cavities into which the overburden may collapse, forming a rubble‐filled chimney. The particle statistics, especially mean surface‐volume diameter, are important to various potential applications of nuclear explosives. The available rubble statistics are rather limited, even with the best data obtained from post‐shot exploration of the Hardhat event. Two sets of Hardhat data are presented: one based on photographs of relatively undisturbed rubble, and another obtained from visual estimates of what would be obtained by screening. The method of obtaining particle statistics must be consistent with the intended use of the statistics, because the method of measurement, such as handling for sieving, affects the statistics. It has long been established that crushing and grinding (which occur during chimney collapse) force particle statistics toward the lognormal frequency distribution. Both sets of Hardhat data fit the lognormal distribution in a satisfactory manner. The volume‐surface mean particle diameter for the undisturbed Hardhat rubble is 1.33 ft, and the estimate for the volume‐surface mean particle diameter obtained by screening is 0.433 ft. Additional statistics from the field plus a better understanding of rock‐fracture phenomena are required to develop statistical relations for use in prediction and control of underground nuclear explosion effects.

On the Indicators of the Radioecological Situation at the Mid-Botuobin Oil and Gas Condensate Field with Underground Nuclear Explosions

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.E. Stepanov ◽  
V.D. Yakovleva ◽  
E.V. Sleptsova
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Nuclear Explosion ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosion ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Radionuclide Composition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impact Zones

The results of expeditionary and laboratory studies of the radiation situation of 2001–2002 and dosimetry measurements of 2017 are presented. there are small radioactive spots. The radionuclide composition in the soil-vegetation cover of the impact zones of the underground nuclear explosion has been studied. Data obtained prior to the industrial development of the field are reperator for further radioecological research and can be used by subsoil users in the development of the area.

Number concentration dependence of ultrasonic disruption ratio of diameter-sorted microcapsules

2022 ◽  
pp. 095441192110703
Author(s):  
Junsyou Kanashima ◽  
Naohiro Sugita ◽  
Tadahiko Shinshi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Particle Number ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Number Concentration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Polymer Shells ◽  
Filtration Technique ◽  
Mean Particle Diameter

The use of ultrasound to destroy microcapsules in microbubble-assisted drug delivery systems (DDS) is of great interest. In the present study, the disruption ratios of capsule clusters were measured by observing and experimentally analyzing microcapsules with polymer shells undergoing disruption by ultrasound. The microcapsules were dispersed in a planar microchamber filled with a gelatin gel and sonicated using 1 MHz focused ultrasound. Different capsule populations were obtained using a filtration technique to modify and control the capsule sizes. The disruption ratio as a function of the concentration of capsules was obtained through image processing of the recorded photomicrographs. We found that the disruption ratio for each population exponentially decreases as the particle number concentration (PNC) increases. The maximum disruption ratio of the diameter-sorted capsules was larger than that of polydispersed capsules. Particularly, for resonant capsule populations, the ratio was more than twice that of polydispersed capsules. Furthermore, the maximum disruption ratio occurred at higher concentrations as the mean particle diameter of the capsule cluster decreased.

An insight into Case Management and Challenges in Veteran Suicide Prevention

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Tamara Green
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Prevention Science ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Military Members ◽  
Prediction And Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Insight Into

Much of the literature, policies, programs, and investment has been made on mental health, case management, and suicide prevention of veterans. The Australian “veteran community is facing a suicide epidemic for the reasons that are extremely complex and beyond the scope of those currently dealing with them.” (Menz, D: 2019). Only limited work has considered the digital transformation of loosely and manual-based historical records and no enablement of Artificial Intelligence (A.I) and machine learning to suicide risk prediction and control for serving military members and veterans to date. This paper presents issues and challenges in suicide prevention and management of veterans, from the standing of policymakers to stakeholders, campaigners of veteran suicide prevention, science and big data, and an opportunity for the digital transformation of case management.

Preparation and Evaluation of Chitosan Loaded Naproxen Nanoparticles by Emulsion Interfacial Reaction Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Abbaraju Krishna Sailaja ◽  
Juveria Banu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Interfacial Reaction ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Release Data ◽  
Mean Particle Diameter

Aim: The aim of this investigation was to develop and characterize naproxen loaded chitosan nanoparticles by emulsion interfacial reaction method. Methodology: For emulsion interfacial reaction method chitosan was used as a polymer. In this method, eight formulations were prepared by varying drug to polymer concentration. Discussion: Out of eight formulations prepared using emulsion interfacial reaction method EI8 formulation was found to be the best formulation. The drug content was observed as 94.4%, entrapment efficiency and loading capacity were found to be 87.5% and 75%, respectively. The mean particle diameter was measured as 324.6nm and the Zeta potential value was found to be -42.4mv. In vitro drug release data showed 97.2% of drug release rate sustained up to 12hrs. Conclusion: The results clearly reveal that EI8 formulation having the highest amount of drug was considered as the best formulation because of its small mean particle diameter, good entrapment efficiency, and stability.

Short Review and opinion: New matter properties and applications based on Hybrids Graphene based Metamaterials

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Guillermo Bracamonte
Keyword(s):  
Short Review ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Miniaturized Instrumentation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Conductive Properties

: Graphene as Organic material showed special attention due to their electronic and conductive properties. Moreover, its highly conjugated chemical structures and relative easy modification permitted varied design and control of targeted properties and applications. In addition, this Nanomaterial accompanied with pseudo Electromagnetic fields permitted photonics, electronics and Quantum interactions with their surrounding that generated new materials properties. In this context, this short Review, intends to discuss many of these studies related with new materials based on graphene for light and electronic interactions, conductions, and new modes of non-classical light generation. It should be highlighted that these new materials and metamaterials are currently in progress. For this reason it was showed and discussed some representative examples from Fundamental Research with Potential Applications as well as for their incorporations to real Advanced devices and miniaturized instrumentation. In this way, it was proposed this Special issue entitled “Design and synthesis of Hybrids Graphene based Metamaterials”, in order to open and share the knowledge of the Current State of the Art in this Multidisciplinary field.

A case study of wear-type rail corrugation prediction and control using speed variation

2009 ◽  
Vol 325 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 85-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Meehan ◽  
P.A. Bellette ◽  
R.D. Batten ◽  
W.J.T. Daniel ◽  
R.J. Horwood
Keyword(s):  
Rail Corrugation ◽  
Speed Variation ◽  
Prediction And Control ◽  
And Control

Phenomenological Foundations for the Study of Suicide

1973 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-208
Author(s):  
Keith Hoeller
Keyword(s):  
Great Emphasis ◽  
Prediction And Control ◽  
And Control

Is death the “enemy” to be avoided at all costs or is it to be faced, engendering liberation and rebirth? Contemporary suicidology concerns itself with the “causes” of suicide, placing great emphasis on prediction and control However, when the “meaning” of suicide is studied, understanding it as a human phenomenon becomes of major concern. Part of this understanding requires one to view “dread” as implying the possibility of making one's existence one's own, rather than something that must be prevented. In the study of suicide, revolutionary insights can emerge if less emphasis is placed on death as the “enemy” and more attention is placed on “dread” as a potential liberator.

scholarly journals Subgraphs of Interest Social Networks for Diffusion Dynamics Prediction

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 492
Author(s):  
Valentina Y. Guleva ◽  
Polina O. Andreeva ◽  
Danila A. Vaganov
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Global Dynamics ◽  
Diffusion Dynamics ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Prediction And Control ◽  
Path Lengths ◽  
And Control ◽  
Diffusion Prediction

Finding the building blocks of real-world networks contributes to the understanding of their formation process and related dynamical processes, which is related to prediction and control tasks. We explore different types of social networks, demonstrating high structural variability, and aim to extract and see their minimal building blocks, which are able to reproduce supergraph structural and dynamical properties, so as to be appropriate for diffusion prediction for the whole graph on the base of its small subgraph. For this purpose, we determine topological and functional formal criteria and explore sampling techniques. Using the method that provides the best correspondence to both criteria, we explore the building blocks of interest networks. The best sampling method allows one to extract subgraphs of optimal 30 nodes, which reproduce path lengths, clustering, and degree particularities of an initial graph. The extracted subgraphs are different for the considered interest networks, and provide interesting material for the global dynamics exploration on the mesoscale base.

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