Sedimentary characteristics and genetic mechanisms of high-quality reservoirs in a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate system in the Qinhuangdao area, Bohai Sea, China

Mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments occur broadly in modern and ancient systems. Studies on mixing processes began in shallow shelf environments; however, the genetic model of marine mixed sediments is difficult to apply to continental rift basins due to the complex palaeogeographic environment. We identified three mixing types in the first and second members of the Palaeogene Shahejie Formation (E2s1–2) in the Qinhuangdao area of the Bohai Sea: (1) mixed fan delta, (2) retrogradation mixed sheet, and (3) mixed sheet without siliciclastic influx. Tectonic stability, arid climate, and saline lakes are prerequisite conditions for the development of mixed sediments, whereas the palaeogeomorphologic unit should be the critical factor. We also concluded that the primary sedimentary material contains near-source coarse terrestrial debris, and the advantageous lithologic facies producing biological components are the foundation for high-quality mixed reservoirs, which are characterized by thick layers and favorable porosities and permeabilities. The micritic coatings and early dolomitization against the background of a saline lake environment favored the preservation of primary pores, whereas the leaching by atmospheric water and organic acid erosion during thermal evolution of the source rock created many secondary pores. In addition, hydrocarbon charging protected the reservoir space from carbonate cementation.

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The relationship between source supply and mixed deposition of siliciclastic and carbonate: First to second member of the Shahejie Formation, Paleogene, Bohai Sea area, China

Interpretation ◽

10.1190/int-2020-0182.1 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-28

Author(s):

Wei Xu ◽

Zhengyu Li ◽

Huiyong Li ◽

Can Zhang ◽

Meng Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Bohai Sea ◽

Source Area ◽

Carbonate Sediments ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Strong Source ◽

Shahejie Formation ◽

Mixed Sediments ◽

Sea Area ◽

Buried Hill

There are various types of mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments developed in the Bohai Sea area during the period of the first to second member of the Shahejie Formation (E2s1-2) of the Paleocene. We have concluded that the period of E2s1-2 was very suitable for the development of carbonate minerals and organisms because of the stable tectonic background, the weak siliciclastic influence of large source systems outside the basin, and the high salinity of the water. There were many local uplifts inside the basin during E2s1-2, and the source area, supply direction, and quantity of the local provenance varied greatly. We summarized that the mixed sediments generally developed in the intermittent and stagnant periods of the source supply, or on the flank or distal end of the source supply direction due to the absence of direct interference of terrigenous clasts. To a large extent, the formation of different types of mixed deposits is controlled by the different spatiotemporal relationship with siliciclastic supply. The background of strong source supply led to the formation of large-scale mixed deposits that were mainly composed of terrigenous clasts. Mixed deposits are mainly composed of organisms and carbonate with relatively large depositional thickness formed on the flank of source supply in the steep slope area. On the flank of source supply in the gentle slope belt, thinner mixed deposits with terrigenous clasts mainly formed and thin-layer carbonate clastic-dominated deposits formed on abandoned deltas. On the uplift of the buried hill far away from the provenance, thick mixed deposits mainly composed of bioclastic were formed whereas fine-grained mixed deposits formed under the low-energy argillaceous background.

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Features and genesis of Paleogene high-quality reservoirs in lacustrine mixed siliciclastic–carbonate sediments, central Bohai Sea, China

Petroleum Science ◽

10.1007/s12182-016-0147-9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 50-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zheng-Xiang Lü ◽

Shun-Li Zhang ◽

Chao Yin ◽

Hai-Long Meng ◽

Xiu-Zhang Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bohai Sea ◽

Carbonate Sediments ◽

High Quality

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Lacustrine mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sedimentary rocks in Paleogene Funing Formation of the Subei Basin, eastern China: characteristics and origin

Interpretation ◽

10.1190/int-2020-0088.1 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-50

Author(s):

Wei Li ◽

Xiaomin Zhu ◽

Qidong Liu ◽

Shifa Zhu ◽

Heyong Li

Keyword(s):

Eastern China ◽

Petroleum Exploration ◽

Gravity Flow ◽

Geochemical Data ◽

Small Scale ◽

Carbonate Sediments ◽

Sedimentary Characteristics ◽

Section Data ◽

Dominant Component ◽

Mixed Sediments

The study of sedimentary characteristics and genetic mechanism of the mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediments (MSCSs) is not only the focus of sedimentary geology, but also the important issue in petroleum exploration and development. We discover the lacustrine MSCSs, both the interstratified siliciclastic-carbonate sediments and the textural mixture of siliciclastic and carbonate materials (s-MSCSs) in the second member of Paleogene Funing Formation (E1f2) in Gaoyou and Jinhu sags, Subei Basin, eastern China. We use core, mud-log and thin section data to clarify the E1f2 s-MSCSs into 5 types, and we also use geochemical data of the E1f2 mudstone including XRD whole rock, XRD clay and trace elements to quantitatively analyze lake paleosalinity. The E1f2 s-MSCSs mainly consist of siliciclasts, ooids, intraclasts and mud, could be siliciclasts-dominated, allochems-dominated or without dominant component. We analyze that mixed sediments occur under either traction flow or gravity flow. The s-MSCSs of traction flow origin develop small-scale wavy cross-bedding and consist of siliciclasts and ooids of similar size; the s-MSCSs of gravity flow origin develop massive

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Встановлення чинників , які впливають на процес промивання молокопроводу

Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії ◽

10.31210/visnyk2015.1-2.15 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 80-83

Author(s):

А. П. Палій

Keyword(s):

Critical Factor ◽

Formation Mechanisms ◽

Washing Machine ◽

High Quality ◽

Processing Operation ◽

Highly Efficient ◽

Solution Formation ◽

Cleaning Solution

Забезпечення високоякісного промивання доїльно-молочного обладнання поряд із застосуванням висо-коефективних технологій та технічних засобів є ви-рішальним чинником в отриманні молока найвищої якості. Встановлено, що існує три основні способи формування пробок миючого розчину в молокопрово-ді, механізми утворення яких залежать від конструк-ції автомата промивки й вибраної програми здійс-нення зазначеної технологічної операції. Отримані результати є передумовою вдосконалення системи контролю параметрів процесу доїння великої рогатої худоби та промивки доїльно-молочного обладнання. High-quality washing milking equipment along with the use of highly efficient technologies and equipment is a critical factor in obtaining of high quality milk. It has been established that there are three basic methods of forming plugs in a milk cleaning solution, formation mechanisms which depend on the design of the washing machine and the program for the implementation of selected processing operation. The results are a prerequisite of improving the system of control the parameters of milking cattle and washing milking equipment.

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High Quality Hydrothermal ZnO Crystals

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-537-g3.40 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 537 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M. Suscavage ◽

M. Harris ◽

D. Bliss ◽

P. Yip ◽

S.-Q. Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Liquid Helium ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Surface Preparation ◽

Critical Factor ◽

High Quality ◽

Rocking Curve ◽

X Ray ◽

Oxide Crystals

AbstractZinc Oxide crystals have historically been grown in hydrothermal autoclaves with a basic mineralizer; however, doubts have been raised about the quality of such crystals because they have often exhibited large x-ray rocking curve widths and low photoluminescence (PL) yield with large linewidths. Several ZnO crystals were grown hydrothermally and sliced parallel to the c-plane. This resulted in opposite surfaces (the C+ and C-) exhibiting pronounced chemical and mechanical differences. Different surface treatments were investigated and compared by PL both at room temperature and liquid helium temperatures, and by double axis X-ray rocking curve measurements. The high quality of hydrothermally-grown ZnO is substantiated by the narrow rocking curve widths and sharp PL peaks obtained. A critical factor in obtaining these results was found to be surface preparation.

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Coffee seedlings in different substrates and protected environments

Engenharia Agrícola ◽

10.1590/s0100-69162013000400001 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 589-600 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Arthur P. da Silva ◽

Edilson Costa ◽

Tiago L. do Espírito Santo ◽

Luan E. da Silva ◽

Roberta F. Martins

Keyword(s):

Critical Factor ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Joint Analysis ◽

Successful Implementation ◽

High Quality ◽

Full Sunlight ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Mesh Screen ◽

Completely Randomized Design

The production of high-quality seedlings is a critical factor for successful implementation of a determined crop in the field. In order to evaluate the production of coffee seedlings, experiments were conducted with different substrates and in different protected environments. Treatments consisted of evaluation of the following substrates: 50% cattle manure + 50% commercial substrate, 50% cattle manure + 50% vermiculite, 50% commercial substrate + 50% vermiculite, 1/3 cattle manure + 1/3 commercial substrate + 1/3 vermiculite, 50% cattle manure + 50% sand, 1/3 sand + 1/3 cattle manure + 1/3 commercial substrate and 50% commercial substrate + 50% sand. These substrates were tested in different protected environments: agricultural greenhouse, mesh screen with 50% shading, aluminized screen with 50% shading, black screen with 30% shading, black screen with 70% shading, nursery with a buriti straw roof and full sunlight. In each environment, the experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with five replicates of four plants each followed by joint analysis. The substrates containing 50% cattle manure associated with vermiculite or the commercial substrate may be indicated for production of coffee seedlings. Screened environments with 30, 50 and 70% shading resulted in the highest quality seedlings.

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Thermal evolution of zinc interstitial related donors in high-quality NH_3-doped ZnO films

Optical Materials Express ◽

10.1364/ome.7.000593 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 593 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Kun Tang ◽

Ran Gu ◽

Shunming Zhu ◽

Zhonghua Xu ◽

Jiandong Ye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Evolution ◽

Zno Films ◽

High Quality ◽

Zinc Interstitial ◽

Doped Zno

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Biodiversity genomics of small metazoans: high quality de novo genomes from single specimens of field-collected and ethanol-preserved springtails

10.1101/2020.08.10.244541 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Clément Schneider ◽

Christian Woehle ◽

Carola Greve ◽

Cyrille A. D’Haese ◽

Magnus Wolf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genome Sequencing ◽

De Novo ◽

Genetic Model ◽

Nuclear Genome ◽

High Quality ◽

Sequencing Technologies ◽

Natural Product Research ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Long Read ◽

Hmw Dna

ABSTRACTGenome sequencing of all known eukaryotes on Earth promises unprecedented advances in evolutionary sciences, ecology, systematics and in biodiversity-related applied fields such as environmental management and natural product research. Advances in DNA sequencing technologies make genome sequencing feasible for many non-genetic model species. However, genome sequencing today relies on large quantities of high quality, high molecular weight (HMW) DNA which is mostly obtained from fresh tissues. This is problematic for biodiversity genomics of Metazoa as most species are small and yield minute amounts of DNA. Furthermore, briging living specimens to the lab bench not realistic for the majority of species.Here we overcome those difficulties by sequencing two species of springtails (Collembola) from single specimens preserved in ethanol. We used a newly developed, genome-wide amplification-based protocol to generate PacBio libraries for HiFi long-read sequencing.The assembled genomes were highly continuous. They can be considered complete as we recovered over 95% of BUSCOs. Genome-wide amplification does not seem to bias genome recovery. Presence of almost complete copies of the mitochondrial genome in the nuclear genome were pitfalls for automatic assemblers. The genomes fit well into an existing phylogeny of springtails. A neotype is designated for one of the species, blending genome sequencing and creation of taxonomic references.Our study shows that it is possible to obtain high quality genomes from small, field-preserved sub-millimeter metazoans, thus making their vast diversity accessible to the fields of genomics.

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