The effect of chronic lead exposure on the course of schistosomiasis in hamsters and the protective effect of the antioxidant preparation ‘Antox’

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 481-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona El-Gohary ◽  
Abd-Elaziz Yassin ◽  
Maisa A Shalabya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Egg Load ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Chronic Lead Exposure ◽  
Stress Parameters

Eighty adult male hamsters were used in this study, 20 of them were divided equally into a noninfected, nontreated control group and chronic lead exposed groups, which were given lead acetate intraperitoneally, dissolved in distilled water, 2 mg/kg/day for seven weeks. Then, two experiments were carried out on the remaining animals. Each experiment included 30 animals and was divided equally into three groups. Experiment A was carried out on the following groups: Schistosoma mansoni infected group, S. mansoni infected and chronic lead exposed group and S. mansoni infected, chronic lead exposed and ‘Antox’ treated group. Experiment B was done following the same design except that infection was carried out using Schistosoma haematobium cercaria. Chronic lead exposure of Schistosoma infected groups showed significant reductions in worm burden, tissue egg load and ova excretion in stool, liver and intestine. Compared with the control group, there were insignificant increases in serum and hepatic glutathione and malondialdehyde levels and a significant increase in hepatic 8-oxodeoxy guanosine phosphate (8-Ox-Dg) levels in Schistosomainfected groups. However, there was a significant increase in hepatic and blood lead levels, oxidative stress parameters and in the hepatic 8-Ox-Dg level in Schistosoma infected and chronic lead exposed groups as compared with their corresponding Schistosoma only infected groups. This study revealed a significant reduction in oxidative stress parameters as well as in blood and hepatic lead levels and in hepatic 8-Ox-Dg levels after giving Antox to the Schistosoma infected and chronic lead exposed groups. However, Antox increased insignificantly all the parasitological parameters studied in the Schistosoma infected and chronic lead exposed groups.

Decreased paraoxonase 1 activity and increased oxidative stress in low lead−exposed workers

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1196-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thinnakorn Permpongpaiboon ◽  
Amar Nagila ◽  
Phannee Pidetcha ◽  
Kulwadee Tuangmungsakulchai ◽  
Soontharee Tantrarongroj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Stress Parameters

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) has been proposed as an antioxidant enzyme. Although lead-inhibited PON1 activity has been demonstrated mostly based on in vitro experiments, it is uncertain whether this phenomenon is relevant in pathogenesis of lead-induced oxidative stress in the lead exposure. We examined associations of blood lead levels (BLL) and PON1 activity along with oxidative stress parameters in lead exposure workers. We determined malondialdehyde (MDA), conjugated diene (CD), total peroxides (TP), total antioxidant status (TAS), the oxidative stress index (OSI), and PON1 activity in earthenware factory workers ( n = 60) and control subjects ( n = 65). The lead-exposed group significantly increased lipid peroxidation parameters and OSI compared to the control group ( p < 0.001). The lead-exposed group had significantly decreased PON1 activity and TAS levels compared to the control group ( p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that BLL were significantly correlated with decreased TAS ( r = −0.496) and PON1 activity ( r = −0.434), but with increased CD ( r = 0.694), TP ( r = 0.614), MDA ( r = 0.788), and OSI ( r = 0.722). Interestingly, BLL at 10 µg/dL significantly decreased PON1 activity and increased oxidative stress parameters with insignificant changes in other biochemical and hematological parameters. Altogether, the reduction of PON1 activity may associate in an imbalance in pro-oxidants and antioxidants, leading to oxidative damage in lead-exposed workers even at low BLL.

scholarly journals Clinical Significance of ROMs, OXY, SHp and HMGB-1 in Canine Leishmaniosis

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 754
Author(s):  
Michela Pugliese ◽  
Alessandra Sfacteria ◽  
Gaetano Oliva ◽  
Annastella Falcone ◽  
Manuela Gizzarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Biological Tissues ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Canine Leishmaniosis ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Stress Parameters

This study aimed to investigate the role of oxidative stress parameters (ROMs, OXY, SHp), the Oxidative Stress index (OSi), and High Mobility Group Box-1 protein (HMGB-1) in canine leishmaniosis (CanL). For this study, thirty dogs, naturally infected with Leishmania spp. (Leishmania Group, LEISH) and ten healthy adult dogs (control group, CTR) were included. The diagnosis of CanL was performed by a cytological examination of lymph nodes, real time polymerase chain reaction on biological tissues (lymph nodes and whole blood), and an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) for the detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies associated with clinical signs such as dermatitis, lymphadenopathy, onychogryphosis, weight loss, cachexia, lameness, conjunctivitis, epistaxis, and hepatosplenomegaly. The HMGB-1 and oxidative stress parameters of the LEISH Group were compared with the values recorded in the CTR group (Mann Whitney Test, p < 0.05). Spearman rank correlation was applied to evaluate the correlation between the HMGB-1, oxidative stress biomarkers, hematological and biochemical parameters in the LEISH Group. Results showed statistically significant higher values of SHp in the LEISH Group. Specific correlation between the ROMs and the number of red blood cells, and between HGMB-1 and SHp were recorded. These preliminary data may suggest the potential role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of CanL. Further studies are undoubtedly required to evaluate the direct correlation between inflammation parameters with the different stages of CanL. Similarly, further research should investigate the role of ROMs in the onset of anemia.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Short-Term Exposure to Lead on the Levels of Essential Metal Ions, Selected Proteins Related to Them, and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Humans

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Dobrakowski ◽  
Marta Boroń ◽  
Ewa Birkner ◽  
Aleksandra Kasperczyk ◽  
Ewa Chwalińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Essential Metals ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Parameters

The present study was designed to explore the possible influence of subacute exposure to lead on the levels of selected essential metals, selected proteins related to them, and oxidative stress parameters in occupationally exposed workers. The study population included 36 males occupationally exposed to lead for 36 to 44 days. Their blood lead level at the beginning of the study was 10.7 ± 7.67 μg/dl and increased to the level of 49.1 ± 14.1 μg/dl at the end of the study. The levels of calcium, magnesium, and zinc increased significantly after lead exposure compared to baseline by 3%, 3%, and 8%, respectively, while the level of copper decreased significantly by 7%. The malondialdehyde (MDA) level and the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) did not change due to lead exposure. However, the level of lipid hydroperoxides (LPH) in serum increased significantly by 46%, while the level of erythrocyte lipofuscin (LPS) decreased by 13%. The serum levels of essential metals are modified by a short-term exposure to lead in occupationally exposed workers. A short-term exposure to lead induces oxidative stress associated with elevated levels of LPH but not MDA.

scholarly journals Protective effects of quercetin and vitamin C against nicotine-induced toxicity in the blood of Wistar rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica G. Paunović ◽  
Branka I. Ognjanović ◽  
Miloš M. Matić ◽  
Andraš Š. Štajn ◽  
Zorica S. Saičić
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Stress Parameters

Abstract Nicotine is a potential inducer of oxidative stress, through which it can damage numerous biological molecules. The aim of our study was to investigate the prooxidative effects of nicotine and protective (additive or synergistic) effects of quercetin and vitamin C in the blood of experimental animals, to determine whether the combination of these antioxidants might be beneficial for clinical purposes. Wistar albino rats were receiving intraperitoneal nicotine injection (0.75 mg kg-1 per day) or saline (control group) or nicotine plus quercetin (40 mg kg-1 per day) and vitamin C (100 mg kg-1 per day) for three consecutive days. On day 4, we determined their blood lipid profile, liver enzymes, oxidative stress parameters, and antioxidative system parameters. Compared to untreated control, nicotine significantly increased total cholesterol, LDLcholesterol, triglycerides, liver enzymes (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and lactate dehydrogenase) and oxidative stress parameters (superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and lipid peroxide) and decreased HDL-cholesterol, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase/catalase activity. Quercetin + vitamin C reversed these values significantly compared to the nicotine alone group. Our results confirm that nicotine has significant prooxidative effects that may disrupt the redox balance and show that the quercetin + vitamin C combination supports antioxidant defence mechanisms with strong haematoprotective activity against nicotine-induced toxicity. In practical terms, this means that a diet rich in vitamin C and quercetin could prevent nicotine-induced toxicity and could also be useful in the supportive care of people exposed to nicotine.

scholarly journals Effect of Intraperitoneal Etanercept on Oxidative Stress in Rats with Peritonitis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasar Yildirim ◽  
Esma Gulsum Cellad ◽  
Ali Veysel Kara ◽  
Zülfükar Yilmaz ◽  
Ali Kemal Kadiroglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Peritoneal Tissue ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Cefazolin Sodium ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Stress Parameters

Our aim was to evaluate effect of etanercept on oxidative stress parameters in rats with experimental peritonitis and investigate the availability of etanercept usage in the treatment of peritonitis in the future. Twenty-eight rats were divided into four groups as control (group 1), peritonitis (group 2), peritonitis + cefazolin sodium (group 3), and peritonitis + cefazolin sodium + etanercept (group 4). Peritoneal tissue and blood samples were taken from all of the rats for histopathological and biochemical examination. The oxidative stress parameters were examined in blood and tissue samples. It was observed that rats with peritonitis benefit from cefazolin sodium treatment. Evaluating the effectiveness of etanercept was our main objective for this study. In this perspective, we compared group 3 and group 4 and found statistically significant decreases in oxidative parameters and statistically significant increases in antioxidants in serum and tissue samples in group 4. It is observed that there was a significant contribution of etanercept on biochemical and also histopathological results. As a result, the TNF-αinhibitor, etanercept, in addition to antibiotics given in the early treatment of peritonitis results in more significant improvement of histopathological and oxidative parameters as compared to antibiotics alone.

Biochemical effects of lead exposure on oxidative stress and antioxidant status of battery manufacturing workers of Western Maharashtra, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Haribhau Ghanwat ◽  
Arun Jalindar Patil ◽  
Jyotsna A. Patil ◽  
Mandakini S. Kshirsagar ◽  
Ajit Sontakke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lead Exposure ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameter ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Antioxidant Parameters ◽  
Current Scenario

AbstractLead induces oxidative stress and alters the antioxidant status of population exposed to high lead levels, i.e. battery manufacturing workers. The aim of this study was to know the current scenario of blood lead (PbB) levels and their effect on the oxidative stress parameter, i.e. serum lipid peroxide (LP), and antioxidant parameters, such as red blood cell (RBC)-superoxide dismutase (SOD), RBC-catalase (CAT), plasma ceruloplasmin (CP), and serum nitrite, of battery manufacturing workers.Forty-three battery manufacturing workers from Western Maharashtra, India, with ages between 19 and 42 years, were selected as study group and compared with 38 age-matched, healthy male subjects (control group). From both group subjects, 10 mL of blood sample was drawn by puncturing the antecubital vein, and PbB, serum LP, RBC-SOD, RBC-CAT, plasma CP, and serum nitrite were estimated using standard methods.The PbB levels of the battery manufacturing workers were significantly higher (p<0.001, 1050%) as compared with the control subjects. The serum LP levels were significantly increased (p<0.001, 96.86%); all antioxidant status parameters such as RBC-SOD (p<0.001, –26.32%), RBC-CAT (p<0.001, –51.57%), and plasma CP (p<0.001, –35.13%) were significantly decreased; and serum nitrite levels (p<0.001, 154%) were significantly increased in the battery manufacturing workers as compared with the control subjects.Despite modern techniques used to reduce lead exposure in battery manufacturing workers, PbB levels remain high, inducing oxidative stress and altering the antioxidant status of battery manufacturing workers.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective effect of desi and kabuli cultivars of Cicer arietinum L (chick peas) against carbon tetrachloride-induced toxicity in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 609-615
Author(s):  
Mudasir Majeed ◽  
Abdullah Ijaz Hussain ◽  
Haseeb Anwar ◽  
Shahzad Irfan ◽  
Shahzad Ali Shahid Chatha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Stress Parameters

Purpose: To determine the hepatoprotective potential of ethanol extracts of desi and kabuli cultivars of Cicer arietinum L. (chick peas). Methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced in rats using oral administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The rats were then orally administered different doses of the ethanol extracts of desi and kabuli cultivars of Cicer arietinum L. for 21 days. Oxidative stress parameters and hepatoprotective profiles were determined in serum samples using standard procedures. The effect of the treatments on liver histology was also determined. Results: Administration of extracts of desi and kabuli cultivars of Cicer arietinum L. to CCl4 treated rats at a dose of 300 mg/kg resulted in a significant (p ≤ 0.05) decrease in oxidative stress parameters, whereas catalase activity significantly increased (p ≤ 0.05); on the other hand, ALT and AST levels were decreased significantly (p ≤ 0.05), when compared to the control group. Conclusion: High doses of Cicer arietinum L (desi and kabuli cultivars) seem to have hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects on CCl4-induced toxicity in rats. This finding underscores the therapeutic importance of Cicer arietinum L. as a plant with hepatoprotective properties. Keywords: Cicer arietinum, Phenolics, Hepatotoxicity, Chick peas, Catalase

scholarly journals Oxidative stress induced by chlorpromazine in patients treated and acutely poisoned with the drug

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bratislav Dejanovic ◽  
Vesna Vukovic-Dejanovic ◽  
Ivana Stevanovic ◽  
Ivana Stojanovic ◽  
Gordana Mandic-Gajic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Total Antioxidative Status ◽  
Therapeutic Doses ◽  
Stress Parameters

Background/Aim. Although chlorpromazine (CPZ) is an antipsychotic drug widely used in clinical practice for a long time, its mechanism of action has not been entirely defined. An extremely difficult managing of patients acutely poisoned with CPZ is additional reason for detailed studying its toxicity mechanisms. In this clinical study, we investigated whether the oxidative stress (OS) mediates CPZ toxic effects in the exposed patients. Methods. The patients were organized into 3 groups: the T-group - hospitalized patients receiving therapeutic doses of 75-150 mg CPZ/day; the overdosed group, divided into two subgroups: the group M and the group S - mildly (CPZ serum concentration: 0.21 ? 0.05 mg/L) and severely (CPZ serum concentration: 2.66 ? 0.25 mg/L) poisoned patients, respectively, and the group C (control group of healthy volunteers). Oxidative stress parameters [total antioxidative status (TAS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma)] and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in erythrocytes were measured spectrophotometrically, and CPZ concentrations in serum were monitored chromatographically. One set of measurements was performed in the group C and T, whereas two sets of measurements (after 24 hours and 48 hours) were done in the poisoned patients, groups M and S. Results. A decrease of TAS and increase of SOD activity were obtained in both subgroups of the poisoned patients, compared to the controls and the group receiving therapeutic doses of CPZ. A significant increase of MDA was achieved in severely poisoned patients, compared to all other groups. Conclusion. Changed oxidative stress parameters in patients poisoned with chlorpromazine indicate involvement of oxidative stress in the toxicity mechanism(s) of chlorpromazine.

scholarly journals Assessment of Thyroid Function and Oxidative Stress State in Foundry Workers Exposed to Lead

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (27) ◽  
pp. 200903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosri A. Fahim ◽  
Nevin E. Sharaf ◽  
Ibrahim W. Hasani ◽  
Eman A. Ragab ◽  
Heba K. Abdelhakim
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Blood Lead Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Foundry Workers

Background. Exposure to lead (Pb) has been associated with endocrine, hematological, gastrointestinal, renal and neurological problems in humans. However, effects on the thyroid gland are controversial. Objectives. The aim of the present study was to assess thyroid function in foundry workers occupationally exposed to Pb and the mechanism of oxidative-antioxidant imbalance. Methods. Thyroid function parameters and markers of oxidative stress were examined in 59 adult males who had been occupationally exposed to Pb. The results were then compared to those of 28 male subjects who had no history of Pb exposure or thyroid abnormalities and served as a control group. Results. Mean blood lead levels (16.5±1.74 μg/dl) were significantly higher among the exposed workers compared to those of the control group (12.8±1.16 μg/dl, (p <0.001)). The exposed group had significantly increased free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and significantly decreased thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) (1.77±0.44 μIU/ml), whereas the control group had a TSH level of 2.61±0.94 μIU/ml (p< 0.0001). A state of oxidative stress was indicated by the significant increase in mean levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and significant decrease in glutathione (GSH) (p < 0.0001). There was a significant positive correlation (r=0.358, p <0.05) between blood lead levels (BLL) and duration of employment, while BLL showed a significant negative correlation with TSH (r =−0.486, p <0.001), and GSH (r =−0.336, p <0.05). Of the occupationally exposed workers, 32.76% had elevated thyroid hormones. The results showed a significant positive relationship between GSH and TSH (β coefficient=0.274, p < 0.05), MDA with FT3 (β coefficient=0.355, p < 0.05) and FT4 (β coefficient = 0.491, p < 0.0001) among exposed workers. Conclusions. Workers exposed to Pb dust proved to be at risk for hyperthyroidism, which was found to have a significant role in oxidative–antioxidant imbalance present among workers with increasing duration of exposure. Participant Consent. Obtained Ethics Approval. This study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the National Research Centre in Egypt (NRC) under the registration number 15225. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

The Effect of Borage (Echium amoenum) on the Mouse Heart and Hematology Parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Sadighara ◽  
Atefeh Araghi ◽  
Behrouz Tajdar-oranj ◽  
Leila Peivasteh Roudsari ◽  
Afsaneh Mohajer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouse Heart ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Hematology Parameters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stress Parameters

Background: There has been considerable interest in the potential health benefits of borage. Little information is available regarding the safety of this plant. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of borage on the mouse heart. Methods: Different amounts of borage extract were injected in mice. The mice were randomly divided into 4 groups including group1 (Control group without injection), group2, 3 and 4 that received 12.5 mg/kg, 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg respectively for 28 days. Oxidative stress parameters (lipid peroxidation, total glutathione groups assay and cupric assay) and biochemical (Creatine kinase activity and total cholesterol) and hematology parameters were evaluated. Furthermore, histopathology study was carried out on heart tissues. Results: We found that there was no significant difference in oxidative stress parameters and biochemical parameters between the control group and the groups that received different amounts of borage extract. There were also no changes in histopathology study. In blood parameters, the level of erythrocytes, hematocrit and hemoglobin decreased to 50mg/kg, whereas the level of MCH and MCV decreased in high doses. Conclusion: This article suggested that borage did not cause significant damage to the heart tissue in mice model. In hematology factors, significant changes were observed in erythrocytes and related parameters. Therefore, hematotoxicity of consumption this plant should be considered at high doses.

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