scholarly journals The Theory of Half-education (translation from German Maria Kultaieva)

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodor W. Adorno
Keyword(s):  
German Idealism ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Dialectic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Contemporary Education ◽  
Dialectic Of Enlightenment

The theory of  half- education was presented at first on the congress of German sociologists (1959). The tendencies regarded in this theory are really taking place in the contemporary education and have determining its crises, which becomes more evidence in the social and cultural contexts of the later capitalism. The theory of half-education is rethinking  and actualizing  of the conceptualizations of education and culture in the German idealism, Marxism and Freudianism, explicating the dialectic of Enlightenment through diagnostics of its degenerations and deformations in the options of the alien spirit, what has a very dangerous consequence of the liquidation of culture  that is converting into the mas one. Half-education  is parasitizing    on   the idea of education which has  intrinsic contradictions: its conditions are the individual autonomy and social freedom, but it is depending on society. Id demands both: the individual autonomy and social adaptation. These contradictions can be overcame  by the  application of  the negative dialectic, which joins complementary the critic of education and the critic of society opening new perspectives for them.

scholarly journals Adaptative Potential Students as Internal Resources Mastery Under Transformation of Society

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Nataliya Zavatska ◽  
Ulyana Mykhaylyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Mutual Adaptation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

The article shows that the specificity of a holistic personality adjustment process in social systems is not confined only because of the peculiarities of its elements, such as the personal maturity, changes in the social conditions of the environment, and is determined by the interaction of structural components of the adaptive capacity of the individual. This maladjustment of one of these components will inevitably impact on the integrity of the individual adaptation process. It was determined that based on the analysis of the structural components of adaptation of the person (socially adapted situation, social need for adaptive, adaptive psychological need) there is the need to clarify the role of each of these components in the process of adaptation of the person. In the context of investigations under the holistic process of social adaptation of personality in social systems we mean active mutual adaptation of the individual and the social environment to each other in order to create a harmonious cooperation for the effective functioning of the individual in these social systems. Violation of this process or the implementation of its social disapproved or antisocial ways leads to the violation of the integrity of the adaptation process and it flows in unacceptable forms of society. It is emphasized that social exclusion leads to disruption of the socialization process, reflected in the increasing complexity of learning and the use of social roles, values and attitudes. In accordance with the social work we should pay attention to the replacement of anti-social norms, values and attitudes to prosocial. This process we treat as a social reinsertion - purposefully organized restructuring of the moral and valuable personality and behavioral areas that promotes the formation of social and value orientations and behavior. It was stated that the whole process of social adaptation of the person can provide awareness and reflection of environmental changes in the social systems of the environment; activity of the person in the regulation of adaptive capacity; transformation of adaptive capacity into more complex and sophisticated forms of interaction with the surrounding reality

The Significance of Psychiatric Symptomatology for Social Adaptation

1964 ◽  
Vol 110 (467) ◽  
pp. 544-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Walton ◽  
R. Bennett ◽  
L. Nahemow
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Social System ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Basic Reference ◽  
The Individual

The social adjustment of individuals is studied from different viewpoints by psychiatrists and sociologists. The psychiatrist is concerned with the malfunctioning personality (and with normal function toward which patients must be assisted); the sociologist is concerned with the functioning social system. The basic reference of both disciplines is to the individual and the individual's adaptation in his social group.

ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION AMONG INDONESIAN AND NORWEGIAN STUDENTS

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEIN KRISTIANSEN ◽  
NURUL INDARTI
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Individual Perceptions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Contextual Elements ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

This paper aims to identify determinants of entrepreneurial intention among young people. The empirical basis is formed by surveys among Indonesian and Norwegian students. The main objective is to compare the impact of different economic and cultural contexts. Independent variables in the study include demographic factors and individual background, personality traits and attitudes, and contextual elements such as access to capital and information. The individual perceptions of self-efficacy and instrumental readiness are the variables that affect entrepreneurial intention most significantly. Age, gender and educational background have no statistically significant impact. Generally, the level of entrepreneurial intention is higher among Indonesian students. The lower level of entrepreneurial intention among Norwegian students is explained by the social status and economic remuneration of entrepreneurs in comparison with those enjoyed by employees in the Norwegian context.

Human Creation, Imagination and Autonomy

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (37) ◽  
pp. 197-213
Author(s):  
Theofanis Tassis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Marxist Theory ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Imaginary ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Greek World

During the last decade Castoriadis’ questioning has become a reference point in contemporary social theory. In this article I examine some of the key notions in Castoriadis’ work and explore how he strives to develop a theory on the irreducible creativity in the radical imagination of the individual and in the institution of the social-historical sphere. Firstly, I briefly discuss his conception of modem capitalism as bureaucratic capitalism, a view initiated by his criticism of the USSR regime. The following break up with Marxist theory and his psychoanalytic interests empowered him to criticize Lacan and read Freud in an imaginative, though unorthodox, fashion. I argue that this criticai enterprise assisted greatly Castoriadis in his conception of the radical imaginary and in his unveiling of the political aspects of psychoanalysis. On the issue of the radical imaginary and its methodological repercussions, I’m focusing mainly on the radical imagination o f the subject and its importance in the transition from the “psychic” to the “subject”. Taking up the notion of “Being” as a starting point, I examine the notion of autonomy, seeking its roots in the ancient Greek world. By looking at notions such as “praxis”, “doing”, “project” and “elucidation”, I show how Castoriadis sought to redefine revolution as a means for social and individual autonomy. Finally I attempt to clarify the meaning of “democracy” and “democratic society” in the context of the social imaginary and its creations, the social imaginary significations.

Habermas, Science and Modernity

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 329-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friedel Weinert
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Frankfurt School ◽  
German Idealism ◽  
External World ◽  
Paradigm Change ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Western Civilisation ◽  
The Individual

The work of Jürgen Habermas has been described as eclectic. It is also prolific. Fortunately for his readers the prolificacy and eclecticism of the author are mitigated by the recurrence of his themes. These concern the emergence and nature of modern occidental society, both from a sociological and philosophical perspective. On a more philosophical level, there is also a strong plea for a paradigm change. The philosophy of the consciousness made the lone subject, in search of knowledge, face the external world. The dialogic philosophy of Habermas sees interlocutors engaged in dialogue about the material, social and internal world and their many aspects. Furthermore, there are many fruitful sidelines: the nature of language, the personality structure of the individual, socialisation and the status of the social sciences. All these various strands are woven into a coherent model of the nature of western civilisation. In the recombination of the contributory constituents, derived from American pragmatism, German Idealism, Hermeneutics, Marxism, the Frankfurt School of Sociology and Systems Theory, lies the originality and breadth of his work.

scholarly journals Etica e Sanità Pubblica: massimizzare la relazione

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Colucci
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Public Health Interventions ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

A causa del maggior sviluppo della bioetica negli ambiti della clinica e della sperimentazione biomedica, e per la difficoltà di definire la stessa sanità pubblica, quest’ultima manca ancora di un quadro etico di riferimento. Dopo un breve profilo storico e semantico, si esamina perciò l’antitesi, in letteratura, tra bioetica ed etica di sanità pubblica. Quindi si rileggono e sfatano le tre principali dicotomie su cui viene costruita tale antitesi – pazienti vs. assistiti, individuo vs. popolazione, paternalismo vs. autonomia. Si può affermare che la salute individuale e la salute collettiva sono fini simultanei e inseparabili degli interventi di sanità pubblica. Inoltre, l’autonomia relazionale è l’unica alternativa all’autonomia d’impronta liberale. L’autonomia individuale, infatti, si sviluppa attraverso l’influenza di legami umani e la giustizia sociale. La relazione – come capacità di promuovere la partecipazione e di mantenere la fiducia – è la sostanza della sanità pubblica, e fonte assiologica della sua etica. È cioé il primo valore e il principale criterio per indirizzare gli interventi di sanità pubblica, che saranno tanto più etici quanto più saranno in grado di massimizzare la relazione nel contesto in cui vengono attuati. ---------- Owing to a greater development of bioethics in the fields of clinical medicine and biomedical research, and because of the difficulty to define the public health itself, the latter still lacks an ethical framework. Therefore, after a brief historical and semantic outline, we examine the antithesis, as proposed in the literature, between bioethics and public health ethics. Then, we reread and debunk the three main dichotomies on which such an antithesis is built – patients vs. healthcare users, individual vs. population, paternalism vs. autonomy. We may state that the individual health and the collective health are simultaneous and inseparable purposes of public health interventions. Moreover, the relational autonomy it is the only alternative to the liberal-shaped autonomy. Indeed, the individual autonomy develops through the influence of human bonds and the social justice. The relationship – as the capability to promote the engagement and to maintain trust – is the substance of public health, and the axiological source of its ethics. In other words, it is the first value and the main criterion to address public health interventions; these will be ethical as much as they will be able to maximize the relationship in the context of their fulfilment.

scholarly journals 病人自主性與家庭本位主義之間的張力

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Jin-cheng LEI ◽  
Zhi-qing XIE
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Basic Unit ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
The West ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Patient’S Autonomy ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.在中國幾千年小農經濟和傳統文化背景下，個人利益、個人權利一直被置於家庭之下，個人自主性被包含在家庭自主性之內，表現為一種家庭本位主義。源自西方歷史、文化的知情同意移植到中國後，受傳統文化概念的影響，中國人對知情同意的認知、理解以及實踐方式均不同於西方人。這種不同集中表現在人們對家屬同意權的認可。以個人本位主義為背景的病人自主性與中國文化中的家庭本位主義之間存在張力。對知情同意在不同文化環境中不同踐行方式，應以文化寬容主義的態度對待之。不同文化背景下的倫理觀念，不僅存在差異性，而且也存在可通約性和相容性。由於種種原因，家庭同意並不能等同於病人本人的意願。隨著全球化進程的加速和人們相互交往的密切，類似知情同意這樣一些原本屬於個人的自然權利，將會愈來愈多地為各國人民接受。我們應當在某些條件具備時，盡可能地將家屬同意限制在合理的範圍，讓病人更好地表達自己的意願。Family has a long history. With China's small-scale peasant economy and traditional cultural background for centuries, family has been the most basic unit of polity, economy, and socio-cultural life. Interests and rights of the individual are always placed below those of family; individual autonomy is often included in family autonomy. All this can be called familism. There are deeper and determining economic reasons for familism. The economy of the family is controlled by the head of the family or clan so that the individual usually has no independent economic measures to support his or her autonomous rights.Informed consent originated in the Western culture. The theoretical premise of informed consent is respect for the patient's autonomy. The patient's autonomy is closely related with individualism in the West. After informed consent is spread from the West to China, due to the influence of traditional Chinese culture, the Chinese perception, understanding, and practice of are different from those of the West. The difference mainly lies in Chinese familism. To focus on the autonomy of the family reflects the influence of traditional familism upon informed consent. As a result, there exits a tension between the patient's autonomy based on individualism and familism in Chinese culture.Informed consent is not a culture issue, but it is closely related with cultural tradition. It is impossible to get away with cultural norms in the practice of informed consent. To different practicing methods of informed consent in different cultural contexts, the spirit of cultural tolerance is needed. In China, with the principle of cultural tolerance as a practical guidance, we should establish a set of procedure and ways of practicing informed consent with Chinese characteristics. Fundamentally, informed consent is to balance the unbalanced power between doctors and patients. According to the principle of cultural tolerance, the difference in the practice of informed consent at different cultural contexts should be tolerated so long as the basic purpose of informed consent is not violated. There exists a variety of cultural ideas among contemporary Chinese. The individual patient and his or her family are essential part of informed consent, with both having their rationality. Thus, we shouldn't reject absolutely some methods. From the angle of historical development, it is worthwhile noticing the transformation from family determination to individual autonomy. National and cultural differences are integrating in the age of globalization. Since laws, ethics, and customs in different countries and cultures are mutually exchanging, we should promote to make the practice of informed consent to become similar.DOWNLOAD HISTORY | This article has been downloaded 35 times in Digital Commons before migrating into this platform.

THE ADAPTIVE CAPACITY OF YOUNG MIGRANTS FROM KYRGYZSTAN IN MOSCOW

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-125
Author(s):  
Galina OSADCHAYA ◽  
Egor KIREEV ◽  
Evgenia KISELEVA ◽  
Anna CHERNIKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Host Society ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The significant numbers of migrants from Kyrgyzstan in Moscow and the difficulties in adapting to the new conditions recorded by our research highlight the need to explore the adaptive capacity of young Kyrgyz. The lack of scientific knowledge about the potential adaptive capacities of different groups of young Kyrgyz hinders the creation of optimal conditions that would allow them to internalize norms, values, and rules of behavior, increases the potential for conflict in the Moscow community, makes the life of migrants less comfortable, and complicates integration processes in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The purpose of this study is to characterize the adaptive capacity of young people from Kyrgyzstan in Moscow that helps them fit into the social environment, allows them to overcome the discomfort caused by the contradictory social context and unfamiliar living conditions, and influences their success in the host community and their attitudes to integration. The analysis presented in this article rests on empirical data obtained from a structured interview with 823 migrants, citizens of Kyrgyzstan aged 17 to 30 years, conducted in 2020. The novelty of the study lies in a systemic examination and comprehensive assessment of the social adaptation capacity of this social community, because up to now publications on this topic have considered only some aspects of the phenomenon. In this article, “adaptive capacity” refers to the set of individual characteristics of migrants that ensures their inclusion into the host society, a change in previous norms and models of behavior, and the socialization of new behavior models emerging in the process of interaction between the individual and the new socio-cultural conditions of life and work as the synergistic effect of the relationship and interaction between the adaptive capacity of the individual and that of the environment. Its analysis is based on a description of expectations, perceptions, and social attitudes; the level of empathy, openness and complementarity with regard to the host community; and the degree of tolerance for people of other nationalities and identities. The article shows how migrants evaluate the adaptive capacity of the environment as resulting from coordinated, concerted, and friendly action by all stakeholders: government, employers, and local population. It also analyzes the associations that arise in connection with Russia. The study reveals the impact of migrants’ adaptive capacity on their attitudes to integration processes in the EAEU. It was shown that notions about the nature of the interaction between Muscovites and migrants that is necessary to harmonize the individual and the environment (assimilation, bicultural adaptation or separation) determine the depth and direction of the activities of young migrants and their assessments of concrete social reality, while their strategic preferences with regard to the cultural norms and values of other peoples determine the adaptation attitudes and strategies that largely characterize their adaptive capacity. These strategies are as follows: marginalization of young Kyrgyz in the Moscow community, complementarity, and internalization of dominant norms. The research conducted suggests the need for measures to improve interaction between migrants and the host society and provides grounds for the Eurasian Economic Commission and social institutions in Russia and Kyrgyzstan to develop measures designed to create conditions for adaptation, as well as to determine the appropriate instruments and mechanisms for this purpose. This research paves the way for developing a theory of social adaptation of migrants, for empirical research into migration processes in the post-Soviet space, and for a better understanding of the specific features of social adaptation of young people from Kyrgyzstan.

scholarly journals ANALISIS STRUKTUR JARINGAN KOMUNIKASI DALAM ADAPTASI EKONOMI, SOSIAL DAN BUDAYA PADA PAGUYUBAN BABUL AKHIRAT DI KOTA BATAM

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Ageng Rara Cindoswari
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Opinion Leader ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
System Level ◽  
Positional Strategy ◽  
Economic Adaptation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p><br />The purposes of this study include : (1) To know the communication network on the Babul Akhirat <br />community in the economic, social, and cultural adaptation; (2) To identify individual roles in the<br />communication network of the Babul Akhirat community in the economic, social, and cultural<br />adaptation; and (3) To describe the communication network centrality of the Babul Akhirat community <br />in the economic, social, and cultural adaptation. This study constitutes a descriptive research with <br />the quantitative approach. The study design of communication network is a complete network and<br />the focus of this study was at the system level. In this study, the researcher referred to the nominalist<br />approach by viewing the study population. The actor determination in this study was based on the<br />positional strategy, namely the Babul Akhirat Community in Batam City where the actors becoming<br />samples of the population were members of the Babul Akhirat community. Sampling used in this study<br />was the samples of small groups, that were all members of the Babul Akhirat community, amounted to<br />82 members. This study used the analysis technique of sociometric data and the communication network<br />structures by using by using UCINET VI. The results of this study showed: (1) The social and economic<br />communication network took possession of the interlocking network structure; (2) The individual roles<br />in the communication network of the Babul Akhirat community in the economic, social, and cultural<br />adaptation encompassed opinion leader, cosmopolite, and bridge; and (3) The actors representing the<br />highest local centrality value for the communication network of economic adaptation were node 15, 22,<br />30, and 59, while values of the communication network for the social adaptation were node 22 and 31,<br />and values of the network communication for the cultural adaptation were node 30, 47, and 45. On the<br />other result, actors representing the lowest global centrality value for each communication network of<br />economic adaptation, social adaptation, and cultural adaptation were node 23, node 5, and node 13. <br />Keywords: Communication Network Structure, Actor, Babul Akhirat Community</p>

scholarly journals A Experiência de Ser Mestrando e a Perspectiva de Ser Mestre

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-369
Author(s):  
Antonio Sales ◽  
Kátia Guerchi Gonzales ◽  
Luciana Paes de Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Teaching ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Master's Degree ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Master's Program ◽  
Autobiographical Narratives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Master’S Degree ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Individual

Esse artigo tem como finalidade destacar as narrativas autobiográficas como instrumento potencial na formação de docentes/pesquisadores, além de estudar as manifestações dos fenômenos relacionados com a vivência dos alunos Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática da Uniderp, Campo Grande – MS. Inspirada em aportes teóricos e metodológicos da investigação interpretativa e da pesquisa narrativa e autobiográfica, com o enfoque nas experiências, o estudo focaliza-se na elaboração individual de relatos dos mestrandos, por meio de cartas. Salientamos que as cartas favoreceram momentos para conhecermos os percursos individuais e também coletivos de formação. Um processo reflexivo-crítico que carece de autonomia social e individual. Desse modo, o cenário da primeira disciplina, da primeira turma do Programa de Mestrado em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática se apresentou significante para instanciar cenários em que a relevância está no sujeito social enfocado: docentes/mestrandos no início da carreira como pesquisador. Observamos ainda que, as cartas para compreensão de processos formativos, em especial na formação individual de docentes/pesquisadores, se desenham entre experiências de histórias de vida, e por esse motivo, revelam suas singularidades. Foi possível perceber, ao final do estudo, que as narrativas autobiográficas são frutíferas tanto para a reflexão-crítica de si mesmo, para os sujeitos em formação, como também é relevante para o pesquisador que busca compreender os processos formativos a partir da experiência singular de cada sujeito – em nosso caso, de cada mestrando. Palavras-chave: Escritas. Formação de Pesquisadores. Fontes de Pesquisa.AbstractThis article aims to highlight the autobiographical narratives as a potential instrument in the training of teachers/researchers, as well as to study the manifestations of the phenomena related to the experience of Master 's degree students in the Academic Master's Program in Science and Mathematics Teaching at Uniderp, Campo Grande -  MS. Inspired by the theoretical and methodological contributions of interpretive research and narrative and autobiographical research, focusing on the experiences, the study focuses on the individual elaboration of reports of the master’s degree students, through letters. We emphasize that the letters favored moments to know the individual and also collective paths of formation. A reflexive-critical process that lacks social and individual autonomy. Thus, the scenario of the first discipline of the first group of the Master's Program in Science and Mathematics Teaching was significant to instantiate scenarios in which the relevance is in the social subject focused: teachers/masters at the beginning of the career as a researcher. We also note that the letters for the understanding of formative processes, especially in the individual formation of teachers/researchers, are drawn between experiences of life histories, and for this reason, reveal their singularities. At the end of the study, it was possible to perceive that autobiographical narratives are fruitful both for the reflection-critic of oneself, for the subjects in formation, and also for the researcher who seeks to understand the formative processes from the singular experience of each subject - in our case, each master's degree student. Keywords: Writing. Training of Researchers. Search Sources. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document