Effect of Sodium Valproate on Tardive Dyskinesia

1976 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Linnoila ◽  
M. Viukari ◽  
O. Hietala
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Psychiatric State ◽  
Chronic Psychiatric Patients

SummaryThe effect of sodium valproate, a drug which has been demonstrated to increase gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in the CNS, on tardive dyskinesia and psychiatric symptoms was investigated in a double-blind cross-over study on 32 chronic psychiatric patients. The oro-facial dyskinesias were totally or significantly relieved in 17 cases. During the active treatment period the involuntary movements of the extremities and dystonic spasms were also significantly relieved in 7 out of 9 patients. In two patients, however, the extrapyramidal symptoms became slightly worse. A significant improvement was noted in the psychiatric symptoms of 14 out of 32 patients during sodium valproate administration. The psychiatric state of 4 out of 32 patients deteriorated. There was no correlation between the serum concentration of sodium valproate and its effect on the dyskinesia or on the psychiatric symptoms. Some of the elderly subjects showed a slight accumulation of the drug.

Co-dergocrine (Hydergine) in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir C. Rastogi ◽  
Anthony J. Blowers ◽  
Alan C. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Dosage Level ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Active Medication ◽  
Younger Patient ◽  
Chronic Psychiatric Patients

SynopsisIn a double-blind, placebo-controlled study with co-dergocrine in the treatment of tardive dyskinesia in a group of elderly chronic psychiatric patients the reduction of dyskinetic scores in the group receiving active medication was slightly greater than that in the placebo group; however, this difference did not reach a level of statistical significance. It is suggested that further work could be undertaken with a longer period of treatment, and at a higher dosage level of co-dergocrine, in a younger patient sample.

scholarly journals Prevention of severe COVID-19 in the elderly by early high-titer plasma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romina Libster ◽  
Gonzalo Pérez Marc ◽  
Diego Wappner ◽  
Silvina Coviello ◽  
Alejandra Bianchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Primary Endpoint ◽  
High Titer ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Number Needed To Treat ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Access To Treatment ◽  
Link Type

AbstractBackgroundTherapies to interrupt progression of early COVID-19 remain elusive. Among them, convalescent plasma in hospitalized patients was unsuccessful, perhaps because antibody should be administered earlier. We advanced plasma infusions to the first 72 hours of symptoms to arrest COVID-19 progression.MethodsA randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of convalescent plasma with high IgG titers against SARS-CoV2 in elderly subjects within 72 hours of mild COVID-19 symptoms. The primary endpoint was severe respiratory disease defined as a respiratory rate ≥30 and/or an O2 sat<93% in room air. The study was interrupted at 76% of its projected sample size, because cases in the region decreased considerably and steady enrollment of study subjects became virtually impossible.Results160 patients underwent randomization. In the intention-to-treat analysis (ITT), 13/80(16.2%) patients receiving plasma vs. 25/80(31.2%) receiving placebo experienced severe respiratory disease [RR(95%CI)= 0.52(0.29,0.94); p=0.026)] with an RRR=48%.A modified ITT analysis, excluding six subjects who experienced the primary endpoint before infusion, showed a larger effect size [RR(95%CI) = 0.40(0.20, 0.81), p=0.007]. High- and low-titer donor analyses, based on a median IgG titer=1:3,200, evidenced a dose-dependent response with an RRR=73.3% for recipients of high-titer plasma (p=0.016) and a number needed to treat (NNT)=4.4. All secondary endpoints exhibited trends towards protection. No solicited adverse events were observed.ConclusionsEarly administration of high-titer convalescent plasma against SARS-CoV2 to mildly ill infected seniors reduced COVID-19 progression. This safe, inexpensive, outpatient intervention facilitates access to treatment from industrialized to LMIC, can decompress demands on hospitals, and may contribute to save lives.Funded by The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and The Fundación INFANT Pandemic Fund. Registered in the Dirección de Sangre y Medicina Transfusional del Ministerio de Salud (PAEPCC19), Plataforma PRIISA (1421), and clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04479163).All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf and declare: no support from any organization for the submitted work; RL, GPM, DW and FPP are investigators in a phase 3 SARS CoV2 trial from Pfizer; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work.

An Overview of Fluoxetine in Geriatric Depression

1988 ◽  
Vol 153 (S3) ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Feighner ◽  
William F. Boyer ◽  
Charles H. Meredith ◽  
Gordon Hendrickson
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Geriatric Depression ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Age Related

During the past 75 years, the proportion of elderly individuals in the USA has grown twice as fast as the general population. Depression in this age-group occurs four times more frequently than in the general population (Butler, 1975), and the suicide rate for people over 65 years of age is 15 times greater than that of the general population (Lehman, 1980).The elderly may be more susceptible to depression due to biological and/or psychosocial variables. Elderly people experience significant losses associated with increasing age, including death of spouse and friends, loss of work, social status, and physical and mental abilities (Lehman, 1980). The biogenic amine hypothesis suggests that the aging brain may experience a decrease in the functional availability of neurotransmitters (Lehman, 1980); this decrease may also play a role in the aetiology of depression.Due to age-related changes in the body, the elderly can be more sensitive to drug therapy. Older patients may require careful dosage adjustments and may also be more prone to experiencing drug-related adverse events. The elderly often receive medication for various indications, and drug interactions are a concern (Thompson et al, 1983). Therefore, efficacy and safety studies of new antidepressants in elderly patients are particularly important. We pooled data from both double-blind and open-label studies to evaluate the efficacy and safety of fluoxetine in geriatric outpatients with DSM-III major depression. Positive results of fluoxetine in the treatment of geriatric depression were reported in one of these studies (Feighner & Cohn, 1985). The favourable safety and side-effect profile of fluoxetine in the general population has been discussed elsewhere (Wernicke, 1985). Plasma concentrations of fluoxetine in elderly subjects are similar to those in younger individuals (I.emberger et al, 1985). These findings, combined with a lack of cardiovascular effects (Fisch, 1985), and low lethality with overdose, indicated promise for fluoxetine as a geriatric antidepressant.

The Effect of Sodium Valproate on Tardive Dyskinesia - Revisited

1987 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Fisk ◽  
S. M. York
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Parallel Group Trial ◽  
Line Observation ◽  
Group Trial ◽  
Observation Period

As a treatment for tardive dyskinesia, sodium valproate was tested in a double-blind placebo-controlled parallel group trial, with 6-week base-line observation period followed by 6 weeks of treatment. Sodium valproate was not found to be an effective treatment for either tardive dyskinesia or drug-induced Parkinsonism, and did not affect mental state or behaviour.

Anti-Cholinergic Drugs and Memory: the Effects of Benzhexol on Memory in a Group of Geriatric Patients

1982 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. 470-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Potamianos ◽  
J. M. Kellett
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Senile Dementia ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Word List ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Learning Task ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Associate Learning ◽  
Immediate Recall

SummaryA double blind trial on the effects of 2 mg of benzhexol on memory was performed on thirteen elderly subjects without cognitive impairment. The tests given 90 minutes after the drug or placebo involved learning a list of ten words, a paired-associate learning task, learning a short story and a test of digit span. Subjects were asked to recall the word list one minute after an interfering task, and 6 items from the story directly. Digit span involved immediate recall and the paired learning was measured by the number of trials necessary to learn. All tests were significantly impaired by the benzhexol except for digit span. This suggests that muscarinic blocking drugs should be avoided in the elderly, as they mimic the memory deficits found in senile dementia of Alzheimer type.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the effects of two programs of physical exercises in flexibility and balance of healthy elderly individuals with and without major depression

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Varkala Lanuez ◽  
Wilson Jacob-Filho ◽  
Mariana Varkala Lanuez ◽  
Ana Cláudia Becattini de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Balance Exercises

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess flexibility and balance in healthy elderly subjects with or without major depression, by means of two different programs: aerobic exercises and flexibility and balance exercises. Methods: A randomized, double-blind controlled study in which each sample was the control of itself. Research subjects were 19 healthy elderly individuals, aged between 60 and 90 years, of both genders, referred to the Department of Geriatrics of the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, with or without the diagnosis of major depression, and sedentary or that had not engaged in physical activity for at least 6 months. Results: Subjects with major depression, as well as those without depression, showed signifcant improvement in flexibility and balance, especially in the group that did aerobic exercises. Conclusion: The results of this investigation reinforce the relevance of physical exercises for the elderly with major depression, as this is an important tool for treating and following-up this group of patients.

Polydipsia and tardive dyskinesia in chronic psychiatric patients: Related disorder?

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Daniel Umbricht ◽  
Bruce Saltz ◽  
Simcha Pollack ◽  
Jefferey Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Tardive Dyskinesia ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Chronic Psychiatric Patients

scholarly journals Dehydroepiandrosterone Treatment Is Not Beneficial to the Immune Response to Influenza in Elderly Subjects*

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 2911-2914
Author(s):  
H. D. Danenberg ◽  
A. Ben-Yehuda ◽  
Z. Zakay-Rones ◽  
D. J. Gross ◽  
G. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Antibody Titer ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dhea Treatment

Abstract Background. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a native steroid with an immunomodulating activity that was suggested to counterregulate some phenomena of immunosenescence. Recently, it was shown to reverse the age-associated decline of immune response against influenza vaccine in aged mice. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of DHEA on the immunization of elderly volunteers against influenza. Methods. Seventy-one elderly volunteers age 61–89 yr were enrolled in a prospective randomized, double-blind study to receive either DHEA (50 mg qd p.o. for four consecutive days starting two days before immunization) or placebo. Antibody response to the vaccine was measured before and 28 days after vaccination. Results. DHEA treatment significantly increased serum DHEA-sulfate (DHEA-S). No enhancement in established immunity was observed. A significant decrease in attainment of protective antibody titer (1:40 or higher) against the A/Texas strain in subjects with nonprotective baseline antibody titer was recorded following DHEA treatment compared with placebo (52% vs. 84%, P &lt; 0.05). Baseline DHEA-S serum levels were inversely related to attainment of immunization in DHEA-treated subjects. Influenza-like morbidity during the winter was low in the study group with no difference between the DHEA and placebo groups. Conclusions. Although highly effective in aged rodents, a short course of DHEA treatment did not improve the age-related declined response to immunization against influenza in human subjects. Higher baseline DHEA-S levels are not predictive of better immunization against influenza in the elderly.

scholarly journals A RANDOMISED DOUBLE-BLIND CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE AND COMPARE THE EFFECTS OF VRIDDADARU RASAYANA WITH BHARGAVAPROKTA RASAYANA ON AGEING IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY ELDERLY SUBJECTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Manasa H P ◽  
Yogeesha Acharya ◽  
Sandesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
General Body ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Healthy Elderly Subjects ◽  
Apparently Healthy

According to estimation, India currently has 6.7% over 65 years of age, which is expected to increase to 20% by the year 2050. As growing old is a part of the life cycle, the effect of time is bound to happen and is unavoidable. The Kalajajara is a Swabhavika vyadhi, wherein, it is clearly mentioned that Swabhava balapravritta vyadhis being Yapya, can be managed through Bhojana, Paana, and Rasayana. Vriddadaru Rasayana is one such Rasayana mentioned in Gadanigraha especially for the elderly to promote healthy ageing and helping to prevent old age problems. Aims and objectives: To assess the effect of Vriddadaru Rasayana in improving the general body health and quality of life in the apparently healthy elderly subjects. Methodology– A Randomized double blind clinical study where 20 healthy elderly subjects were administered with Vriddadaru Rasayana for a period of 12 weeks. Observations and Results- Vriddadaru rasayana showed improvement in Ayurvedic parameters like Twakparushata, Slataasti, Slata sandhi, Utasahahani and Parakramahani but when compared with regard to objective parameters Vriddadaru rasayana showed significant values in DHEAS levels and 6MWT. Conclusion: Vriddadaru does Vatashamana, balancing the Doshas, increasing the Utsaha and Parakrama and helps in improving the Agni thus helping in Dhatuposhana in the elderly.

Clinical management of agitation in the elderly with tiapride

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (S1) ◽  
pp. 42s-47S ◽  
Author(s):  
P.H. Robert ◽  
H. Allain
Keyword(s):  
Day Treatment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Motor Hyperactivity ◽  
Psychotropic Agents ◽  
Substituted Benzamide ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Management Issues

SummaryAgitated behaviors such as uncooperativeness with necessary care, motor hyperactivity, and verbal or physical aggression are some of the most commonly reported complications in dementia and organic disorders in elderly subjects. These symptoms present greater clinical challenges and management issues than the cognitive deficits. Antipsychotics are the most commonly used psychotropic agents for treating these types of symptoms.The aims of this article are to review clinical studies with tiapride, a substituted benzamide, and more specifically to present recent data coming from two double-blind, randomized studies in elderly subjects.The first study versus melperone was conducted in Germany, with over 176 hospitalized demented patients, and indicated that tiapride was as effective and safe as melperone.More recently, a multicentre, international, double-blind, three-parallel group study compared a 21-day treatment of tiapride to haloperidol and placebo and included 306 demented elderly patients with agitation and aggressiveness. The results showed that tiapride and haloperidol were significantly effective in the treatment of agitation and aggressiveness compared to placebo. The tiapride safety profile was found to be better than haloperidol for clinical acceptability, particularly for significantly fewer extrapyramidal symptoms in the tiapride group.

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