scholarly journals Cognitive impairment in bipolar II disorder

2006 ◽  
Vol 189 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Torrent ◽  
Anabel Martínez-Arán ◽  
Claire Daban ◽  
Jose Sánchez-Moreno ◽  
Mercè Comes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bipolar Ii Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Ii

BackgroundPersistent impairments in neurocognitive function have been described in bipolar disorder.AimsTo compare the cognitive performance of patients with bipolar II disorder with that of patients with bipolar I disorder and a healthy control group.MethodThe study included 71 euthymic patients with bipolar disorder (38 bipolar I, 33 bipolar II), who were compared on clinical and neuropsychological variables (e.g. executive function, attention, verbal and visual memory) and contrasted with 35 healthy controls on cognitive performance.ResultsCompared with controls, both bipolar groups showed significant deficits in most cognitive tasks including working memory (Digit Span Backwards, P=0.002) and attention (Digit Span Forwards, P=0.005; Trail Making Test, P=0.001). Those with type II disorders had an intermediate level of performance between the bipolar I group and the control group in verbal memory (P < 0.005) and executive functions (Stroop interference task, P=0.020).ConclusionsCognitive impairment exists in both subtypes of bipolar disorder, although more so in the bipolar I group. The best predictors of poor psychosocial functioning in bipolar II disorder were subclinical depressive symptoms, early onset of illness and poor performance on a measure related to executive function.

Determinants of Functioning in Euthymic Patients with Bipolar Disorder: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S77-S77
Author(s):  
L. Samalin ◽  
L. Boyer ◽  
A. Murru ◽  
I. Pacchiarotti ◽  
M. Reinares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Equation Modelling

BackgroundEuthymic patients with bipolar disorder (BD) experience residual symptoms. Interestingly, residual symptoms appear to impact the natural course of BD and represent potential predictors of recurrence and functional impairment.ObjectivesThe study aimed to analyse the relationship between residual depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances and cognitive impairment as determinants of psychosocial functioning in a large sample of euthymic BD patients.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional study of 468 BD outpatients in clinical remission for at least 6 months. Bipolar Depression Rating Scale (BDRS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale, Visual Analogic Scales (VAS) evaluated cognitive impairment and functioning assessment short test were used to assess residual symptomatology and functioning of patients. We evaluated functioning with. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to describe the relationships among the residual depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances, perceived cognitive performance and functioning.ResultsSEM showed good fit. This model revealed that residual depressive symptoms (path coefficient = 0.37) and perceived cognitive performance (path coefficient = 0.27) were the most important features significantly related to psychosocial functioning. Sleep disturbances were indirectly associated with functioning via residual depressive symptoms and perceived cognitive performance (path coefficient = 0.23).ConclusionsThis study contributes to a better understanding of the determinants of psychosocial functioning during the interepisodic periods of BD patients. These findings should have implications for the improvement of functioning of BD patients in a personalized approach to treatment.Disclosure of interestCOI: Dr. Samalin reports personal fees and nonfinancial support from Astra-Zeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Lundbeck, and Otsuka.The authors L. Boyer, A. Murru, I. Pacchiarotti, M. Reinares, C.M. Bonnin, C. Torrent, V. Norma, P. Corinna, I. de Chazeron, M. Boucekine, P.A. Geoffroy, F. Bellivier, P.M. Llorca, E. Vieta have have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals The effects of combined cognitive training on prospective memory in older adults with mild cognitive impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Chen ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Zijing Hong ◽  
Rongrong Hu ◽  
Zhibin Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Strategy Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Executive Function Training ◽  
Encoding Strategy

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the effects of combined cognitive training on prospective memory ability of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A total of 113 participants were divided into a control group and three intervention groups. Over three months, the control group received only community education without any training, whereas for the first six weeks, an executive function training group received executive function training, a memory strategy training group received semantic encoding strategy training, and the combined cognitive training group received executive function training twice a week for the first six weeks, and semantic encoding strategy training twice a week for the next six weeks. The combined cognitive training group showed improvement on the objective neuropsychological testing (Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale). The memory strategy training group showed improvement on the self-evaluation scales (PRMQ-PM). Combined cognitive training improved the prospective memory and cognitive function of older adults with MCI.

Polarised views about bipolar disorder(s): A critique of the 2020 College guidelines for mood disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110200
Author(s):  
Gordon Parker
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Bipolar Ii Disorder ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Bipolar Ii ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Formal Status

The 2020 College guidelines for mood disorders banish bipolar II disorder – despite its formal status in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and International Classification of Diseases manuals for more than two decades – and argue that there is no need to partition bipolar disorder into separate sub-types. Their single-entity model is seemingly based on opinion rather than any support from referenced scientific studies. The author challenges the Committee’s model of there being only one bipolar disorder and argues that it presents several clinical management risks, particularly of ‘over-treatment’.

scholarly journals Hypomanic Symptoms in Female Undergraduate Students Diagnosed with Unipolar Depression Based on Scores on the Hypomania Checklist

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Richardson ◽  
Hugh Garavan
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Female Undergraduate ◽  
Bipolar Ii Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Ii

Background: A number of studies have documented high levels of hypomanic symptoms in those diagnosed with depression, suggesting a potential misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder as unipolar depression. Research suggests that undergraduate students have high levels of depression, but whether such misdiagnosis occurs in this population has not been examined. The aim of this study was therefore to examine levels of hypomania in undergraduate students reporting diagnosed depression. Methods: An international sample of undergraduate students completed the 32-item Hypomania Checklist (HCL-32). A cohort was analysed for this study, consisting of female undergraduate students reporting a formal diagnosis of depression (n=28). Results: Participants scored high on the HCL-32, with a mean total score of 19.9 (SD=5.4) out of 32. Overall, 85.7% (n=24) scored equal to or above the original cut off point of 14 suggested for bipolar II disorder. Conclusions: Two possible conclusions are suggested by this study. Firstly, there are high levels of hypomanic symptoms in undergraduate students diagnosed with depression, suggesting that a formal diagnosis of bipolar disorder should be pursued in those with high scores. Alternatively, the cut-off points previously suggested for the HCL-32 may not be accurate for use with undergraduate students.

scholarly journals Comparing clinical responses and the biomarkers of BDNF and cytokines between subthreshold bipolar disorder and bipolar II disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzu-Yun Wang ◽  
Sheng-Yu Lee ◽  
Shiou-Lan Chen ◽  
Yun-Hsuan Chang ◽  
Liang-Jen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Ii Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Ii ◽  
Clinical Responses

scholarly journals Effects of High Intensity Interval Training on Executive Function in Children Aged 8–12 Years

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuaki Tottori ◽  
Noriteru Morita ◽  
Kenji Ueta ◽  
Satoshi Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Tower Of Hanoi ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
High Intensity Interval

This study investigated the effects of a high intensity interval training (HIIT) program on both physical fitness and executive functions in children. Fifty-six children aged 8–12 years participated in this study, and were divided into a HIIT group and a control group. The HIIT group performed three sessions of the 8- to 10-min HIIT program per week for 4 weeks. Before and after the intervention, 20-m shuttle runs, sit-ups, and standing long jumps were assessed as test of physical fitness. In addition, the executive function was assessed using the digit span forward (DSF) test, digit span backward (DSB) test, and Tower of Hanoi test. Only the HIIT group experienced significant improvement when completing the 20-m shuttle run (p = 0.042) and sit-ups (p < 0.001). Regarding executive function, the number of correct answers in DSB test significantly increased only in the HIIT group (p = 0.003). However, the standing long jump, DSF, and the Tower of Hanoi test performance did not change after intervention. The findings of the present study suggest that HIIT has positive effects on a core executive function such as working memory in addition to components of the physical fitness such as cardiorespiratory endurance and muscular endurance.

Neurocognitive Impairments and Their Relationship With Psychosocial Functioning in Euthymic Bipolar II Disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 199 (7) ◽  
pp. 459-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego J. Martino ◽  
Ana Igoa ◽  
Eliana Marengo ◽  
María Scápola ◽  
Sergio A. Strejilevich
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Bipolar Ii Disorder ◽  
Neurocognitive Impairments ◽  
Bipolar Ii

scholarly journals Exercise Increases the Dynamics of Diurnal Cortisol Secretion and Executive Function in People With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Tortosa-Martínez ◽  
Angela Clow ◽  
Nuria Caus-Pertegaz ◽  
Gloria González-Caballero ◽  
Immaculada Abellán-Miralles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cortisol Secretion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Induced

Regular physical activity is protective against, and beneficial for, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease. The mechanisms underlying these benefits remain unknown although it has been suggested that exercise-induced changes in the circadian pattern of cortisol secretion may be implicated. Fitness, salivary cortisol levels (0 and 30 min postawakening, midday, 5 p.m., and 9 p.m.), and cognitive function were determined in a group of amnestic MCI patients (n = 39) before and after a three-month exercise program (n = 19) or usual care (n = 20). At baseline, fitness measures were positively correlated with peak levels of cortisol and a greater fall in cortisol concentration from peak levels to midday. The exercise intervention successfully increased fitness and resulted in a greater fall in cortisol concentration from peak to midday, compared with the control group. The exercise intervention enhanced indices of executive function, although memory, mood, and functionality were not affected.

Migraine headache and bipolar disorder comorbidity: A systematic review of the literature and clinical implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael J. Leo ◽  
Joshna Singh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Bipolar Ii Disorder ◽  
Bipolar Ii

AbstractBackground and aimsPsychiatric disorders, e.g., depression, are often comorbid with, and can complicate the treatment of, patients with migraine headache. Although empirical work has increasingly focused on the association between migraine and bipolar disorder, this topic has received little attention in the pain literature. Bipolar disorder is a chronic and recurrent mood disorder characterized by cyclic occurrence of elevated (i.e., manic or hypomanic) and depressed mood states. Bipolar I disorder is diagnosed when patients present with at least one abnormally and persistently elevated manic episode; bipolar II disorder is characterized by the presence of hypomanic episodes. Bipolar disorder warrants attention as depressive phases of the disorder can prevail and are often misconstrued by the unwary clinician as unipolar depression. However, treatment for bipolar disorder is distinct from that of unipolar depression and use of antidepressants, which are often invoked in migraine prophylaxis as well as the treatment of depression, may precipitate significant mood changes among bipolar disorder patients. A systematic review of the literature addressing the co-occurrence of bipolar disorder and migraine was conducted. The treatment of dually affected patients is also discussed.MethodsIn order to review the literature to date on migraine and bipolar disorder co-occurrence, a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and CINAHL for clinic-based and epidemiological studies was conducted using terms related to migraine and bipolar disorder. Studies were selected for review if they included subjects meeting validated diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder as well as migraine headache and if a quantitative description of prevalence rates of comorbid bipolar disorder and migraine were reported. Weighted means of the prevalence rates were calculated to compare with general epidemiological prevalence trends for migraine and bipolar disorder, respectively.ResultsEleven studies met inclusion criteria. Although findings were constrained by methodological limitations and several low quality studies, clinic- and epidemiological cross-sectional investigations demonstrated a high rate of comorbidity between bipolar disorder and migraine. The weighted mean prevalence rate for migraine headache among bipolar disorder patients was 30.7%; for bipolar disorder among migraineurs, the weighted mean prevalence rates were 9% and 5.9% in clinic-based and epidemiological studies, respectively. The association between bipolar disorder and migraine was most notable among women and patients with the bipolar II disorder subtype.ConclusionsHigh rates of comorbidity exist between migraine and bipolar disorder, exceeding estimated prevalence rates for those conditions in the general population. Comorbidity may portend a more serious clinical course for dually afflicted individuals.ImplicationsClinicians need to structure treatment approaches to address concurrent migraine and bipolar disorder in dually afflicted individuals. Although further evidence-based investigation is warranted to inform optimal treatment approaches for both conditions concurrently, anticonvulsants (e.g., valproate, lamotrigine and topiramate); atypical antipsychotics (e.g., olanzapine or quetiapine); and calcium channel blockers (e.g., verapamil) may be considered.

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