scholarly journals Prevalence of common mental disorders in general practice attendees across Europe

2008 ◽  
Vol 192 (5) ◽  
pp. 362-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael King ◽  
Irwin Nazareth ◽  
Gus Levy ◽  
Carl Walker ◽  
Richard Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
European Countries ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundThere is evidence that the prevalence of common mental disorders varies across Europe.AimsTo compare prevalence of common mental disorders in general practice attendees in six European countries.MethodUnselected attendees to general practices in the UK, Spain, Portugal, Slovenia, Estonia and The Netherlands were assessed for major depression, panic syndrome and other anxiety syndrome. Prevalence of DSM–IV major depression, other anxiety syndrome and panic syndrome was compared between the UK and other countries after taking account of differences in demographic factors and practice consultation rates.ResultsPrevalence was estimated in 2344 men and 4865 women. The highest prevalence for all disorders occurred in the UK and Spain, and lowest in Slovenia and The Netherlands. Men aged 30–50 and women aged 18–30 had the highest prevalence of major depression; men aged 40–60 had the highest prevalence of anxiety, and men and women aged 40–50 had the highest prevalence of panic syndrome. Demographic factors accounted for the variance between the UK and Spain but otherwise had little impact on the significance of observed country differences.ConclusionsThese results add to the evidence for real differences between European countries in prevalence of psychological disorders and show that the burden of care on general practitioners varies markedly between countries.

Predicting onset of major depression in general practice attendees in Europe: extending the application of the predictD risk algorithm from 12 to 24 months

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1929-1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. King ◽  
C. Bottomley ◽  
J. Bellón-Saameño ◽  
F. Torres-Gonzalez ◽  
I. Švab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Medical Settings ◽  
Risk Algorithm ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundPredictD is a risk algorithm that was developed to predict risk of onset of major depression over 12 months in general practice attendees in Europe and validated in a similar population in Chile. It was the first risk algorithm to be developed in the field of mental disorders. Our objective was to extend predictD as an algorithm to detect people at risk of major depression over 24 months.MethodParticipants were 4190 adult attendees to general practices in the UK, Spain, Slovenia and Portugal, who were not depressed at baseline and were followed up for 24 months. The original predictD risk algorithm for onset of DSM-IV major depression had already been developed in data arising from the first 12 months of follow-up. In this analysis we fitted predictD to the longer period of follow-up, first by examining only the second year (12–24 months) and then the whole period of follow-up (0–24 months).ResultsThe instrument performed well for prediction of major depression from 12 to 24 months [c-index 0.728, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.675–0.781], or over the whole 24 months (c-index 0.783, 95% CI 0.757–0.809).ConclusionsThe predictD risk algorithm for major depression is accurate over 24 months, extending it current use of prediction over 12 months. This strengthens its use in prevention efforts in general medical settings.

Legal Deposit of Electronic Publications and Other Non-Print Material: An International Overview

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hoare
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Print Material ◽  
International Coordination ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Electronic Publications ◽  
The Uk ◽  
West European

In many countries, including the UK, proposals are currently being made for the extension of legal deposit to electronic and other non-print material. Some countries such as Switzerland and the Netherlands have no national legal deposit legislation, though voluntary deposit works well in the latter. Norway has the most advanced legislation, requiring the deposit of all lands of media. In few countries is any range of material actively handled, and a very few deal with online publications. There is scope for international coordination of proposals through such bodies as CDNL, CENL, IFLA and UNESCO. The aim of totally comprehensive collecting of all published material may be accepted as unrealistic, and some selectively is likely to be necessary. The current situation with regard to deposit of non-print material in 11 west European countries, Australia, Canada and the USA is recounted.

scholarly journals Between-Country Comparability of Clinical Chemistry Results: An International Quality Assessment Survey of 17 Analytes in Six European Countries through Existing National Schemes

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
R T P Jansen ◽  
D G Bullock ◽  
A Vassault ◽  
H Baadenhuijsen ◽  
A De Leenheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
The Uk

Two lyophilized control sera were distributed through seven national external quality assessment schemes in six European countries—Belgium, Switzerland, France, The Netherlands, Sweden and the United Kingdom—participated in the study. The results for 17 routine analytes were obtained from almost 5000 laboratories for the two sera. The organizers of the schemes were asked to process the results according to a common outlier removal procedure, and submit method-related data if available. The two sera were also distributed through the external/internal scheme of The Netherlands, and the within-laboratory standard deviations calculated in this scheme have been used in a scaling procedure for the external mean values and between-laboratory standard deviations of the participating countries. The results show remarkable agreement in the national mean values for practically all analytes, but considerable differences in the between-laboratory variation. Data from comparable method groups was obtained for 12 analytes from Belgium, France, The Netherlands and the UK. Though revealing some specific differences between methods and countries, the method-related data are generally in agreement with the all-method data. In this study reference method values were only available for cholesterol. The high degree of agreement found suggests, however, that mutual recognition of all-method mean values in national schemes could be acceptable, especially for analytes for which reliable reference methods are not available. The major element of variation is between-laboratory rather than between-country.

scholarly journals Claims for sickness and disability benefits owing to mental disorders in the UK: trends from 1995 to 2014

BJPsych Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastião Viola ◽  
Joanna Moncrieff
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Disability Benefits ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Individual Support ◽  
Government Data ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundThere is international concern about the levels of sickness and disability benefits, with mental disorders known to account for a large proportion of claims.AimsTo examine trends in sickness and disability benefits awarded for mental disorders in the UK.MethodThe researchers analysed UK Government data from 1995 to 2014.ResultsMental disorders have become the most common cause of receiving benefits, with the number of claimants rising by 103% from 1995 to 1.1 million in 2014. Claimants with other conditions fell by 35%. In 2014, 47% of claims were attributed to a mental disorder. The number of long-term claimants (claiming over 5 years) with mental disorders increased by 87% from 2000 to 2011. Two-thirds of mental disorder claimants were classified as having a depressive or anxiety disorder.ConclusionsCommon mental disorders may involve greater morbidity and social costs than usually recognised. Availability of suitable employment, as well as individual support, may be necessary to reduce benefit levels.

Affective Disorders Among Elderly General Practice Patients

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Turrina ◽  
R. Caruso ◽  
R. Este ◽  
F. Lucchi ◽  
G. Fazzari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Dysthymic Disorder ◽  
Not Otherwise Specified ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
General Practices

BackgroundWe investigated the prevalence of depression among 255 elderly general practice patients and the practitioners' performance in identifying depression.MethodElderly patients attending 14 general practices entered a screening phase with GHQ-12 and MMSE. Those positive were then interviewed with GMS and HAS.ResultsDSM-III-R major depression affected 22.4%, dysthymic disorder 6.3%, not otherwise specified (n.o.s.) depression 7.1 %. General practitioners performed fairly well: identification index 88.4%, accuracy 0.49, bias 1.85.ConclusionsDepression was markedly high. A selective progression of depressed elderly from the community to general practitioners is implied.

scholarly journals The links between the amount of antipsychotic medication prescribed at GP practice level, local demographic factors and medication selection

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S165-S166
Author(s):  
Adrian Heald ◽  
Mike Stedman ◽  
Sanam Farman ◽  
Mark Davies ◽  
Roger Gadsby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Antipsychotic Medication ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Practice Population ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Antipsychotic Prescribing

AimsTo examine the factors that relate to antipsychotic prescribing in general practices across England and how these relate to cost changes in recent years.BackgroundAntipsychotic medications are the first-line pharmacological intervention for severe mental illnesses(SMI) such as schizophrenia and other psychoses, while also being used to relieve distress and treat neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia.Since 2014 many antipsychotic agents have moved to generic provision. In 2017_18 supplies of certain generic agents were affected by substantial price increases.MethodThe study examined over time the prescribing volume and prices paid for antipsychotic medication by agent in primary care and considered if price change affected agent selection by prescribers.The NHS in England/Wales publishes each month the prescribing in general practice by BNF code. This was aggregated for the year 2018_19 using Defined Daily doses (DDD) as published by the World Health Organisation Annual Therapeutic Classification (WHO/ATC) and analysed by delivery method and dose level. Cost of each agent year-on-year was determined.Monthly prescribing in primary care was consolidated over 5 years (2013-2018) and DDD amount from WHO/ATC for each agent was used to convert the amount to total DDD/practice.ResultDescriptionIn 2018_19 there were 10,360,865 prescriptions containing 136 million DDD with costs of £110 million at an average cost of £0.81/DDD issued in primary care. We included 5,750 GP Practices with practice population >3000 and with >30 people on their SMI register.Effect of priceIn 2017_18 there was a sharp increase in overall prices and they had not reduced to expected levels by the end of the 2018_19 evaluation year. There was a gradual increase in antipsychotic prescribing over 2013-2019 which was not perturbed by the increase in drug price in 2017/18.RegressionDemographic factorsThe strongest positive relation to increased prescribing of antipsychotics came from higher social disadvantage, higher population density(urban), and comorbidities e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Higher %younger and %older populations, northerliness and non-white (Black and Minority Ethnic (BME)) ethnicity were all independently associated with less antipsychotic prescribing.Prescribing FactorsHigher DDD/general practice population was linked with higher %injectable, higher %liquid, higher doses/prescription and higher %zuclopenthixol. Less DDD/population was linked with general practices using higher %risperidone and higher spending/dose of antipsychotic.ConclusionHigher levels of antipsychotic prescribing are driven by social factors/comorbidities. The link with depot medication prescriptions, alludes to the way that antipsychotics can induce receptor supersensitivity with consequent dose escalation.

scholarly journals Isoflavone intake in four different European countries: the VENUS approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (S1) ◽  
pp. S25-S30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Agnes J. van Erp-Baart ◽  
Henny A. M. Brants ◽  
Mairead Kiely ◽  
Angela Mulligan ◽  
Aida Turrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Common Basis ◽  
Isoflavone Content ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Food Consumption Data ◽  
The Uk

The aim of this study was to identify the level of isoflavone intake (total isoflavones, daidzein and genistein) in four European countries: Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands and the UK. For this purpose national food composition databases of isoflavone content were created in a comparable way, using the Vegetal Estrogens in Nutrition and the Skeleton (VENUS) analytical data base as a common basis, and appropriate food consumption data were selected. The isoflavone intake in Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands and the UK is on average less than 1 mg/d. Small groups of consumers of soya foods could be identified in Ireland, The Netherlands and the UK. The estimated intake levels are low compared with those found in typical Asian diets (∼20–100 mg/d) and also low compared with levels where physiological effects are expected (60–100 mg/d). The results (including a subgroup analysis of soya product consumers) showed that such levels are difficult to achieve with the European diets studied here.

scholarly journals Socio-economic position and common mental disorders

2006 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petros Skapinakis ◽  
Scott Weich ◽  
Glyn Lewis ◽  
Nicola Singleton ◽  
Ricardo Araya
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Economic Position ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundIndividuals in lower socio-economic groups have an increased prevalence of common mental disorders.AimsTo investigate the longitudinal association between socio-economic position and common mental disorders in a general population sample in the UK.MethodParticipants (n=2406) were assessed at two time points 18 months apart with the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule. The sample was stratified into two cohorts according to mental health status at baseline.ResultsNone of the socio-economic indicators studied was significantly associated with an episode of common mental disorder at follow-up after adjusting for baseline psychiatric morbidity. The analysis of separate diagnostic categories showed that subjective financial difficulties at baseline were independently associated with depression at follow-up in both cohorts.ConclusionsThese findings support the view that apart from objective measures of socio-economic position, more subjective measures might be equally important from an aetiological or clinical perspective.

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