scholarly journals Cognitive style, personality and vulnerability to postnatal depression

2010 ◽  
Vol 196 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Jones ◽  
Jan Scott ◽  
Caroline Cooper ◽  
Liz Forty ◽  
Katherine Gordon Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cognitive Vulnerabilities ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder

BackgroundOnly some women with recurrent major depressive disorder experience postnatal episodes. Personality and/or cognitive styles might increase the likelihood of experiencing postnatal depression.AimsTo establish whether personality and cognitive style predicts vulnerability to postnatal episodes over and above their known relationship to depression in general.MethodWe compared personality and cognitive style in women with recurrent major depressive disorder who had experienced one or more postnatal episodes (postnatal depression (PND) group, n=143) with healthy female controls (control group, n=173). We also examined parous women with recurrent major depressive disorder who experienced no perinatal episodes (non-postnatal depression (NPND) group, n=131).ResultsThe PND group had higher levels of neuroticism and dysfunctional beliefs, and lower self-esteem than the control group. However, there were no significant differences between the PND and NPND groups.ConclusionsEstablished personality and cognitive vulnerabilities for depression were reported by women with a history of postnatal depression, but there was no evidence that any of these traits or styles confer a specific risk for the postnatal onset of episodes.

scholarly journals Employment and earnings trajectories before and after sickness absence due to major depressive disorder: a nationwide case–control study

2020 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-106660
Author(s):  
Christian Hakulinen ◽  
Petri Böckerman ◽  
Laura Pulkki-Råback ◽  
Marianna Virtanen ◽  
Marko Elovainio
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Earnings Losses ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

ObjectivesTo examine employment and earnings trajectories before and after the first sickness absence period due to major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsAll individuals (n=158 813) in Finland who had a first sickness absence period (lasting longer than 9 days) due to MDD between 2005 and 2015 were matched with one randomly selected individual of the same age and gender with no history of MDD. Employment status and earnings were measured using register-based data annually from 2005 to 2015. Generalised estimating equations were used to examine the trajectories of employment and earnings before and after MDD diagnosis in men and women separately.ResultsSickness absence due to MDD was associated with increased probability of non-employment during and after the year of the first sickness absence period. In men, but not in women, the probability of being employed was lower 5 years before the sickness absence period due to MDD. When compared with the individuals in the control group, men had around 34% and women 15% lower earnings 1 year, and 40% and 23%, respectively, 5 years, after the first sickness absence period due to MDD. More severe MDD and longer duration of sickness absence period were associated with lower probability of being employed.ConclusionsSickness absence due to MDD was associated with considerable reduction in employment and earnings losses. For men and individuals with more severe MDD, this reduction was before the first sickness period. This supports a reciprocal association between employment and earnings with MDD.

scholarly journals Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder in offspring of parents with depression and bipolar disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 210 (6) ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Propper ◽  
Jill Cumby ◽  
Victoria C. Patterson ◽  
Vladislav Drobinin ◽  
Jacqueline M. Glover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Family History ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mood Dysregulation

BackgroundIt has been suggested that offspring of parents with bipolar disorder are at increased risk for disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), but the specificity of this association has not been established.AimsWe examined the specificity of DMDD to family history by comparing offspring of parents with (a) bipolar disorder, (b) major depressive disorder and (c) a control group with no mood disorders.MethodWe established lifetime diagnosis of DMDD using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children for DSM-5 in 180 youth aged 6–18 years, including 58 offspring of parents with bipolar disorder, 82 offspring of parents with major depressive disorder and 40 control offspring.ResultsDiagnostic criteria for DMDD were met in none of the offspring of parents with bipolar disorder, 6 of the offspring of parents with major depressive disorder and none of the control offspring. DMDD diagnosis was significantly associated with family history of major depressive disorder.ConclusionsOur results suggest that DMDD is not specifically associated with a family history of bipolar disorder and may be associated with parental depression.

Sleep Patterns in Patients with OCD

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Okasha ◽  
M. El Sayed ◽  
T. Asaad ◽  
A. Self El Dawla ◽  
T. Okasha
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Slow Wave Sleep ◽  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychopathological Disorders

AbstractObjectives:(1) To determine whether there are sleep variables specific for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) that are identifiable on polysomnographic findings; (2) to determine the possible relationship of OCD to other psychopathological disorders, with special emphasis on major depressive disorder (MDD).Methods:Eighteen patients suffering from OCD (five of whom had a comorbid depressive disorder) were assessed by means of a standardized sleep questionnaire, the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) for the assessment of severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and overnight polysomnography. Results were compared with those from a control group of 18 age- and sex-matched controls with no history of psychiatric disorders.Results:We found a significant decrease in sleep efficiency index (SEI), REM percent, REM latency, and slow wave sleep latency among OCD patients, compared with controls. The presence of comorbid major depression had no effect on the severity of OCD and had no significant effect on the sleep measures.Conclusions:Sleep changes recorded polysomnographically in patients with OCD can be primary in origin and are independent of an associated major depressive disorder.

Postnatal Depression in a Community Cohort

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Louise Webster ◽  
John M. D. Thompson ◽  
Edwin A. Mitchell ◽  
John S. Werry
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalisation ◽  
First Child ◽  
History Of

A community cohort of 206 European and Maori women completed a questionnaire screening for postnatal depression at 4 weeks postpartum. The prevalence of major depressive disorder amongst the women was 7.8% with a further 13.6% of women experiencing more minor depressive symptoms. Postnatal depression was more likely to occur in women who were single, were less than 20 years old at the birth of their first child, were unhappy with their relationship with their partner, had a history of previous psychiatric hospitalisation, and were Maori. Women who were depressed were more likely to show a lack of enjoyment of and less positive attitude towards their infant. The study highlights the value of screening for postnatal depression with a simple questionnaire, as few depressed women would have been otherwise recognised.

scholarly journals Correction to: Metabolic features of recurrent major depressive disorder in remission, and the risk of future recurrence

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roel J. T. Mocking ◽  
Jane C. Naviaux ◽  
Kefeng Li ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Jonathan M. Monk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01239-4

scholarly journals Preventive Effect of Liothyronine on Electroconvulsive Therapy-Induced Memory Deficit in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Mohagheghi ◽  
Asghar Arfaie ◽  
Shahrokh Amiri ◽  
Masoud Nouri ◽  
Salman Abdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
The Impact

Introduction and Objective. Despite the effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in treating major depressive disorder (MDD), its cognitive side effects make it less popular. This study investigated the impact of liothyronine on ECT-induced memory deficit in patients with MDD.Methodology. This is a double-blind clinical trial, in which 60 patients with MDD who were referred for ECT were selected. The diagnosis was based on the criteria of DSM-IV-TR. Patients were divided randomly into two groups to receive either liothyronine (50 mcg every morning) or placebo. After the assessment with Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R) before first session of ECT, posttests were repeated again, two months after the completion of ECT.Findings. By controlling the pretest scores, the mean scores of the experimental group were higher than the control group in delayed recall, verbal memory, visual memory, general memory, and attention/concentration scales (P<0.05).Conclusion. Liothyronine may prevent ECT-induced memory impairment in patients with MDD. This study has been registered in IRCT underIRCT201401122660N2.

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