Outcomes of non-small cell lung cancer patients with adenocarcinoma histology compared with other histologies: SEER registry data 2004-2008.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17560-e17560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Joshi ◽  
John M. Varlotto ◽  
Suhail M. Ali ◽  
Jennifer Toth ◽  
Michael Reed ◽  
...  

e17560 Background: For convenience, the majority of lung cancers are commonly lumped together as non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung have a higher incidence of driver mutation as compared to those with squamous histology. In addition pemetrexed containing regimens have preferential activity in this histology and agents such as bevacizumab are administered to this subgroup only based on toxicity. The currentanalysis was performed to compare outcomes for patients in the SEER database between 2004 and 2008 with adenocarcinoma (Adenoca), squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) and NSCLC not otherwise specified (NOS). Methods: Data for 161,175 patients was available in SEER database between 2004 and 2008 with 38 different histology ICD codes. 134,947 patients (83.7%) were included in the study. NSCLC NOS (ICD-3 8046) n=36,408, SCCA (ICD-3 8070) n= 36, 454 and Adenoca (ICD-3 8140) n=62,085. Overall survival (OS) and lung cancer specific survival (LCSS) were analyzed using cox proportional Hazard model for the 3 groups. Results: Patients in the three groups were age-matched. Male gender was more common in patients who had SCCA compared to Adenoca (62.6% vs. 49.5%). Percentage of poorly differentiated tumors was higher in patients with SCCA (35.9%) compared to NSCLC NOS (32%) and Adenoca (27.5%). SCCA had fewer stage IV patients at diagnosis (29.5%) vs. 51.4 % for NSCLC NOS and 45% for Adenoca. OS and LCSS are listed in the table below with Hazard ratio (HR) and p value. Total of 23.54% (n=31,768) patients underwent surgical resection. Stage I patients who underwent surgery (n=18,517) also had similar results. Conclusions: NSCLC patients who have adenocarcinoma histology have significantly better overall outcome when compared to other histologies. The difference is more pronounced in an earlier stage disease. [Table: see text]

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 3053-3053
Author(s):  
Daniel Adams ◽  
Jianzhong He ◽  
Yawei Qiao ◽  
Ting Xu ◽  
Hui Gao ◽  
...  

3053 Background: Cancer Associated Macrophage-Like cells (CAMLs) are a recently described circulating stromal cell common in the peripheral blood of cancer patients that are prognostic for progressive disease. Further, it has been shown that changes in CAML size (i.e. enlargement above 50µm) can predict progression free survival (PFS) in thoracic cancers (e.g. lung). We enrolled 104 unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, with an initial training set review of 54 patients, to determine if change in CAML size after radiation therapy was predictive PFS. Methods: A 2 year single blind prospective study was undertaken to test the relationship of ≥50µm CAMLs to PFS based on imaging in lung patients before and after induction of chemo radiation, or radiation therapy. To achieve a 2-tailed 90% power (α = 0.05) we recruited a training set of 54 patients and validation set of 50 patients all with pathologically confirmed unresectable NSCLC: Stage I (n = 14), Stage II (n = 16), Stage III (n = 61) & Stage IV (n = 13). Baseline (BL) blood samples were taken prior to start of therapy & a 2nd blood sample (T1) was taken after completion of radiotherapy (~30 days). Blood was filtered by CellSieve filtration and CAMLs quantified. Analysis by CAML size of < 49 µm or ≥50 µm was used to evaluate PFS hazard ratios (HRs) by censored univariate & multivariate analysis. Results: CAMLs were found in 95% of samples averaging 2.7 CAMLs/7.5mL sample at BL, with CAMLs ≥50 µm having reduced PFS (HR = 2.2, 95%CI1.3-3.8, p = 0.003). At T1, 18 patients had increased CAML size ≥50 µm with PFS (HR = 4.6, 95%CI2.5-8.3, p < 0.001). In total, ≥50 µm CAMLs at BL was 76% accurate at predicting progression within 24 months while ≥50 µm CAMLs at T1 was 83% accurate at predicting progression. Conclusions: In unresectable NSCLC patients, enlargement of CAMLs during treatment is an indicator active progression. We identify that a single ≥50 µm CAML after induction of radiotherapy, in our training set and confirmed in our validation set, is an indicator of poor prognosis. We suggest that changes in CAML size during therapy may indicate the efficacy of therapy and could potentially help shape subsequent therapeutic decisions.


2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20056-e20056
Author(s):  
Jennifer Christian ◽  
Joe Wagner ◽  
Gregory Mastrogiovanni ◽  
Andrew David Norden ◽  
Ian Kurashige

e20056 Background: This study characterizes biomarker testing over time in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients treated within a clinical setting. There have been tremendous advances in treatments for NSCLC that target specific biomarkers such as epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), and the Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway. As we consider using oncology EMR records for future studies, it is critical to understand the extent to which biomarker testing is conducted in routine care, the extent to which testing has increased, and the types of patients for which it is done. Methods: This is a retrospective observational analysis derived from the COTA Oncology EHR database from January 1, 2015 through December 31, 2017. The data sets generated for the study included all relevant, retrospective patient-level, de-identified data available for patients with lung cancer, including EGFR, ALK, and PD-L1 testing regardless of age, gender, and stage at diagnosis. We examined characteristics associated with each type of test received as well as by those who had received all 3 biomarker tests, 1-2 of the tests, or no biomarker testing. Analyses were conducted using SAS V. 9.1 and stratified by data source. Results: There were 1,891 patients in the COTA database. Among newly diagnosed NSCLC patients, EGFR testing has been consistently conducted in patients during the study period (76 – 86%), while ALK testing [44% in 2015Q1 to 74% in 2017Q4] and PD-L1 testing [12% in 2015Q1 to 77% in 2017Q4] have steadily increased each quarter. Overall, testing was more likely to be conducted in non-squamous cell lung cancer patients, Stage IV lung cancer, and those without a history of smoking. For EGFR, testing was more prevalent among women and young age groups ( < 64 years vs. 65 and older). Conclusions: Biomarker testing has rapidly increased for ALK and PD-L1, which correlates with the uptake of new targeted therapies. Further research could be conducted to understand clinical outcomes associated with this increase in testing as well as the impact on healthcare resource utilization.


2021 ◽  
Vol 156 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S151-S151
Author(s):  
M A Sughayer ◽  
B Maraqa ◽  
M Al-Ashhab

Abstract Introduction/Objective ALK rearrangement is an important oncogenic driver in a substantial portion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients ranging from 2-7%. Treatment options such as ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) improve progression-free survival and overall survival. Candidates for such treatment are selected based on the identification of the ALK rearrangement. While fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was considered the gold standard method, the availability of a robust FDA-approved companion diagnostic immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay has led to a paradigm shift in ALK testing. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence of ALK rearrangement in Jordanian NSCLC patients along with their clinicopathological characteristics and to compare the results of IHC and FISH methods for detecting ALK rearrangements. Methods/Case Report A retrospective study was conducted on 449 Jordanian King Hussein Cancer Center patients with NSCLC whose biopsy samples were tested for ALK rearrangement using FISH and or IHC (clone D5F3) in the period between 2018 and 2020. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) During the study period, the rate of ALK positivity by either IHC or FISH method was 4 percent (18 ALK positive cases out of 449 cases of non-small cell lung cancer). Seven cases were positive for both IHC and FISH, and nine cases were positive for IHC with no confirmation by FISH method; one case was ALK positive by IHC and negative by FISH with a significant response to ALK TKI; one case was IHC negative but FISH positive, with no ALK TKI therapy. The calculated sensitivity of ALK D5F3 immunostain compared to FISH results in the current study is 87.5% while the specificity is 96%. ALK positive patients were significantly younger than those with negative results (p-value=0.051), and women were three times more likely than men to have the rearrangement (p-value=0.013). Rearrangement was more likely to be found in nonsmokers/light or ex-smokers (p-value= 0.013). All patients had clinical stage IV or III disease at presentation with stage IV found in tow thirds of the patients. Conclusion ALK rearrangement is found in 4% of all NSCLC in Jordan. Patients are more likely to be younger, females and light or nonsmokers with an advanced stage disease at presentation. IHC is an acceptable alternative to FISH for ALK testing with reasonable sensitivity and specificity in addition to its advantages in terms of robustness, turnaround time and cost savings


2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7054-7054
Author(s):  
John M. Varlotto ◽  
Suhail M. Ali ◽  
Malcolm M. DeCamp ◽  
John Charles Flickinger ◽  
Abram Recht ◽  
...  

7054 Background: SG, both adenoid cystic (ACC) and mucoepidermoid (ME) sub-types, are rare lung cancers. We choose to investigate the incidence of these rare sub-types and assess their difference in presentation and prognostic characteristics in comparison to adenocarcinomas (Ad) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) during the same time period. Methods: The SEER-17 database was used to collect data during the years 1988-2008. Differences between populations were determined by the chi-square test. Survival curves were generated as Kaplan-Meier techniques. Cox proportional hazards test was used to compare survival differences. Results: During the 20-year study period, ACC (n =100) and ME (n= 178) accounted for 0.03% and 0.06% of NSCLCs. Mean follow-up was 34.5 months for all patients. In comparison to ACC, patients with ME were significantly more likely to be younger (52 yr vs. 60yr), Asian(11.7% vs. 7%), have Stage I disease (62.9% vs 24.0%), and less likely to be in the mainstem bronchi (17.2% vs. 6.3%). In comparison to patients with patients presenting with either SCC or Ad, both ME and ACC were significantly less likely to present with Stage IV disease (26.6% SCC, 41.29% Ad, 16.73% SG), have nodal involvement (35.1% SCC, 27.4% Ad, 23.37% SG), and be older (70 SCC, 68 Ad, 58 years SG). Stratified by stage and treatment, there was no survival (OS) or disease-specific survival difference (DSS) between ACC and ME. The OS of the combined group of ME and ACC was significantly better stage per stage than either Ad (Hazard ratio (HR) range = 0.26- 041), and SCC (HR range = 0.17-0.56). Lung Cancer-Specific survival at 2,3,5 years for surgically-resected Stage I ACC and ME were 83.5%, 80.4%, and 80.4%; and 82.6%, 78.0% and 78%, respectively. Conclusions: Patients with ACC and ME have rare sub-types of lung cancer that present differently and have better survival than patients presenting with either of the more common histologic sub-types (SCC and Ad) of NSCLC. We encourage prospective, multi-institutional studies of these rare sub-types so that care can be optimized. Optimal care may differ for SG because of their stage per stage better prognosis than other NSCLCs.


2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (27_suppl) ◽  
pp. 146-146
Author(s):  
Phuong Ngo ◽  
Christina M Pinkston ◽  
Goetz H. Kloecker

146 Background: Kentucky has the highest incidence of lung cancer death and despite improvements in treatment and survival, some small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients remain untreated. We looked at factors preventing these patients from receiving necessary treatment. Methods: Data was collected from the Kentucky Cancer Registry (KCR) for SCLC and NSCLC patients from 2012-2015 and included race, gender, age at diagnosis, treatment history, insurance and overall survival. Treatment included any combination of surgery, radiation, chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Patient demographics were summarized based on treatment status and derived odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Significant associations were assessed at the p < 0.05 level. Results: KCR identified 2,992 SCLC and 13,975 NSCLC patients from 2012-2015. More NSCLC patients [3,608 (25.8%)] were untreated than SCLC patients [621 (20.8%), p < 0.001], and untreated patients overall were more likely to be older, have more comorbidities (SCLC only), and have Medicare, Medicaid or no insurance. Stage at diagnosis was also a factor but differed based on histology. NSCLC stage III and stage IV patients had higher odds of being untreated compared to stage I (Stage III OR: 2.91, 95% CI: 2.57-3.28; Stage IV OR: 4.82, 95% CI: 4.29-5.41) where these odds in SCLC patients were non-significant (Stage III OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.56-1.55) or lower (Stage IV OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.01-2.55). SCLC patients also had lower odds of delayed treatment (defined as > 4 weeks to treatment) in stage III and stage IV compared to stage I (Stage III OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.23-0.48; Stage IV OR: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.20-0.38). Conclusions: This study shows an overall significant number of untreated lung cancer patients with treatment being strongly associated with insurance status, histology and stage at diagnosis. SCLC patients are more likely to be treated than NSCLC, and advanced stage is less a factor in treating SCLC than NSCLC. The difference may be due to the more aggressive nature of SCLC with physicians feeling more urgency to treat SCLC given its rapid progression and chemotherapy sensitivity compared to NSCLC.


Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petros Christopoulos ◽  
Steffen Dietz ◽  
Martina Kirchner ◽  
Anna-Lena Volckmar ◽  
Volker Endris ◽  
...  

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) sequencing can identify resistance mechanisms and guide next-line therapy in ALK+ non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the clinical significance of other rebiopsy findings remains unclear. We analysed all stage-IV ALK+ NSCLC patients with longitudinally assessable TP53 status treated in our institutions (n = 62). Patients with TP53 mutations at baseline (TP53mutbas, n = 23) had worse overall survival (OS) than patients with initially wild-type tumours (TP53wtbas, n = 39, 44 vs. 62 months in median, p = 0.018). Within the generally favourable TP53wtbas group, detection of TP53 mutations at progression defined a “converted” subgroup (TP53mutconv, n = 9) with inferior OS, similar to that of TP53mutbas and shorter than that of patients remaining TP53 wild-type (TP53wtprogr, 45 vs. 94 months, p = 0.043). Progression-free survival (PFS) under treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) for TP53mutconv was comparable to that of TP53mutbas and also shorter than that of TP53wtprogr cases (5 and 8 vs. 13 months, p = 0.0039). Fewer TP53wtprogr than TP53mutbas or TP53mutconv cases presented with metastatic disease at diagnosis (67% vs. 91% or 100%, p < 0.05). Thus, acquisition of TP53 mutations at progression is associated with more aggressive disease, shorter TKI responses and inferior OS in ALK+ NSCLC, comparable to primary TP53 mutated cases.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiharu Tabata ◽  
Rie Tabata

Abstract Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and most are non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Since the overall survival remains very poor for NSCLC patients with advanced-stage disease, the development of novel treatments is needed. Previous studies reported a relationship between calpain and tumorigenesis. In this study, we examined the apoptotic effects of calpeptin (Cal), a calpain inhibitor, on A549 NSCLC cells. We assessed whether Cal induced apoptosis in A549 cells. Cal induced apoptosis in A549 cells and also activated p38MAPK. These results suggest a possible clinical use of Cal for the treatment of NSCLC.


2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e23144-e23144
Author(s):  
Yataro Daigo ◽  
Atsushi Takano ◽  
Yusuke Nakamura

e23144 Background: Since the number of lung cancer patients responding well to current standard therapies is still small, further development of new anti-cancer agents with minimum risk of adverse effect and highly sensitive cancer biomarkers is eagerly awaited. Methods: We have been developing new molecular therapies targeting oncoproteins with their biomarkers; i) To identify up-regulated genes in 120 lung cancers by the gene expression microarray representing 27,648 genes, ii) To verify the candidate genes for their low expression in 23 normal tissues, iii) To validate the clinicopathological significance of their protein expression by tissue microarray covering 407 non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), iv) To verify whether they are essential for the growth/invasion of cancer cells by siRNA and antibody assays, and v) To measure their serum protein levels by ELISA in 343 lung cancer patients. Results: We identified 50 druggable oncoproteins and selected a LSERT (lung cancer-specific receptor tyrosine kinase). Strong LSERT protein expression was associated with poor prognosis for NSCLC patients (P < 0.0001; N = 407) as confirmed by multivariate analysis. We established an ELISA to measure serum LSERT (a cleaved form of its extracellular domain) and found that the proportion of serum LSERT-positive cases was 149 (56.4%) of 264 NSCLC and 35 (44.3%) of 79 SCLC patients, while only 6 (4.7%) of 127 healthy volunteers were falsely diagnosed. A combined ELISA for both LSERT and CEA classified 77.2% of the NSCLC patients as positive, and the use of both LSERT and ProGRP increased sensitivity in the detection of SCLCs up to 77.5%, while the false positive rate was 7 - 8%. Oncogenic LSERT activity was suppressed by treatment of lung cancer cells with anti-LSERT antibody or siRNA. Induction of LSERT increased the cellular growth and invasion by directly phosphorylating oncogenic driver kinase proteins for lung cancer and enhancing their downstream signaling of MAPK, AKT, and STAT3. Conclusions: Integrated cancer genomics might facilitate the development of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for small molecules, monoclonal antibodies, nucleic acid drugs, and cancer vaccines.


Author(s):  
Natasha Ansari ◽  
Eric Johnson ◽  
Jennifer A. Sinnott ◽  
Sikandar Ansari

Background: Oncology provider discussions of treatment options, outcomes of treatment, and end of life planning are essential to care for patients with advanced malignancies. Studies have shown that despite this, many patients do not have adequate care planning, including end of life planning. It is thought that the accessibility of information outside of clinical encounters and individual factors and/or beliefs may influence the patient’s perception of disease. Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate if patient understanding of treatment goals matched the provider and if there were areas of discrepancy. If a discrepancy was found, the survey inquired further into more specific aspects. Methods: A questionnaire-based survey was performed at a cancer hospital outpatient clinic. 100 consecutive and consenting patients who had stage IV non-curable lung, gastrointestinal (GI), or other cancer were included in the study. Patients must have had at least 2 visits with their oncologist. Results: 40 patients reported their disease might be curable and 60 reported their disease was not curable. Patients who reported their disease was not curable were more likely to be 65 years or older (P-value: 0.055). They were more likely to report that their doctor discussed the possibility of their cancer getting worse (78.3% VS 55%; P-value 0.024), that their doctor discussed end of life plans (58.3% VS 30%; P- value: 0.01), and that they had appointed a health care decision-maker (86.7% VS 62.5%; P-value: 0.01). 65% of patients who thought their disease might be curable reported that their doctor said it might be curable, compared with only 6.7% of patients who thought their disease was not curable (p < 0.001). Or, equivalently, 35% of patients who thought their disease might be curable reported that their doctor’s opinion was that it was not curable, compared with 93% of patients who thought their disease was not curable (p < 0.001). Patients who had lung cancer were more likely to believe their cancer was not curable than patients with gastrointestinal or other cancer, though the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.165). Patients who said their disease might be curable selected as possible reasons that a miracle (50%) or alternative medicine (66.7%) would get rid of the cancer, or said their family wanted them to believe the cancer would go away (16.7%) or that another doctor said it would (4.2%). Patients who said their disease might be curable said they did so due to alternative medications, another doctor, or their family. Restricting to the 70 patients who reported their doctors telling them their disease was not curable, 20% of them still said that they personally felt their disease might be curable. Patients below 65 years of age were more likely to disagree with the doctor in this case (P-value: 0.047). Conclusion: This survey of patients diagnosed with stage IV cancer shows that a significant number of patients had misunderstandings of the treatment and curability of their disease. Findings suggest that a notable proportion kept these beliefs even after being told by treating physicians that their disease is not curable.


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