Treatment response and survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiation.
e15715 Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NeoChT) and chemoradiation (NeoCRT) have emerged as strategies to optimize resection, but data investigating predictors of treatment response and the overall survival (OS) impact are not well characterized. To investigate the effects of NeoChT/NeoCRT on primary tumor/nodal downstaging and OS, we analyzed the national cancer database (NCDB). Methods: We queried the NCDB for patients with PDAC receiving NeoChT/NeoCRT. Patients were classified as responders (T and/or N downstage), nonresponders (mixed/no response) and progressors (T and/or N upstage). Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of response. Univariable and multivariable analyses identified characteristics predictive of OS. Results: 2,028 patients with PDAC receiving NeoChT/NeoCRT were analyzed. Univariable analysis of responders (n = 790) vs. nonresponders/progressors (n = 1,238) demonstrated a significant difference in median OS at 29.1 months vs. 25.3 months and 3-year overall survival of 40% vs. 34% [p = 0.006; HR: 0.95 (95% CI: 0.84-1.08)] respectively. When compared independently to both responders and nonresponders, progressors had a significantly decreased 3-year OS at 31% vs 40% and 37% respectively [p = 0.003; HR: 0.82 (95% CI: 0.70-0.96)]. Predictors of response on multivariable logistic regression included receipt of multiagent chemotherapy and receipt of NeoCRT. Only NeoCRT predicted for pathologic complete response (pCR). Multivariable analysis of patients with pCR demonstrated a trend towards increased OS (p = .08). Conclusions: Our results suggest that both response and progression following neoadjuvant therapy may predict for longer and shorter OS respectively. Randomized, prospective studies are needed to further validate these findings. [Table: see text]