Role of Krüppel-Like Factors in Endothelial Cell Function and Shear Stress–Mediated Vasoprotection

ABSTRACTTo study the contribution of different surface feature properties in improving vascular endothelial cell adhesion, rationally designed nano/sub-micron patterns with various dimensions were created on titanium surfaces in this study. In vitro results indicated that endothelial cell adhesion was improved when the titanium pattern dimensions decreased into the nano-scale. Specifically, endothelial cells preferred to adhere on sub-micron and nano rough titanium substrates compared to flat titanium. Moreover, titanium with nano and sub-micron roughness and with the same chemistry as compared to flat titanium, had significantly greater surface energy. Thus, the present study indicated the strong potential of surface nanotopography and nano/sub-micron roughness for improving current vascular stent design.

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Study on Velocity Distribution Estimation Using Blood Pressure Data Based on the Coupled Wave Theory of Elastic Pipes and Fluids

Volume 3: Biomedical and Biotechnology Engineering ◽

10.1115/imece2019-10548 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Takeshi Tokunaga ◽

Koji Mori ◽

Hiroko Kadowaki ◽

Takashi Saito

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Shear Stress ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Wall Shear Stress ◽

Cell Function ◽

Wave Theory ◽

Pressure Data ◽

Endothelial Cell Function ◽

Blood Pressure Data ◽

Wall Shear

Abstract Cardiovascular disease that is one of Non-Communicable Disease accounts for about 25% of death in Japan. Prevention of arteriosclerosis that is a main cause of cardiovascular disease is important. Since an early lesions of arteriosclerosis progress as functional change of an endothelial cell that is uniformly distributed on the luminal surface of a blood vessel, an accurate evaluation of the endothelial cell function is important as prevention of the arteriosclerosis. Although Flow-Mediated Dilation (FMD) is widely used as a diagnosis of the endothelial cell function in clinic, it is an evaluation method that uses a static diameter of a blood vessel. Moreover, it isn’t possible to take into account individual difference of a wall shear stress on the endothelial cell. In previous study, it is found that an evoked hyperemic wall shear stress is a major correlate of %FMD. In order to accurately measure the endothelial cell function, it is necessary to simply assess the hyperemic shear stress during FMD. However, it is difficult to non-invasively measure the hyperemic shear stress on the endothelial cell in clinic. In this study, we focused on a blood pressure data that is obtained non-invasively and formulated a relationship between the pressure and a flow velocity based on the coupled wave theory. And we estimated a hyperemic shear stress by using a blood pressure data that is obtained by a tonometry method in experiment that simulate FMD. As a result of estimating the hyperemic shear stress, it reflected characteristics of blood flow in clinic. It may be necessary to consider the hyperemic pressure fluctuation that is waves including low frequency components. Moreover, the hyperemic pressure fluctuation should not be treated as a waveform that has individually different a static pressure in estimation of the hyperemic wall shear stress.

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High Glucose Alters Endothelial Cell Response to Shear Stress

ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/sbc2009-206531 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Steven F. Kemeny ◽

Alisa Morss Clyne

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Shear Stress ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Cell Mechanics ◽

High Glucose ◽

Fluid Shear Stress ◽

Cell Function ◽

Focal Adhesions ◽

Endothelial Cell Function

Endothelial cells line the walls of all blood vessels, where they maintain homeostasis through control of vascular tone, permeability, inflammation, and the growth and regression of blood vessels. Endothelial cells are mechanosensitive to fluid shear stress, elongating and aligning in the flow direction [1–2]. This shape change is driven by rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesions [2]. Hyperglycemia, a hallmark of diabetes, affects endothelial cell function. High glucose has been shown to increase protein kinase C, formation of glucose-derived advanced glycation end-products, and glucose flux through the aldose reductase pathway within endothelial cells [3]. These changes are thought to be related to increased reactive oxygen species production [4]. While endothelial cell mechanics have been widely studied in healthy conditions, many disease states have yet to be explored. Biochemical alterations related to high glucose may alter endothelial cell mechanics.

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Differences in placental capillary shear stress in fetal growth restriction may affect endothelial cell function and vascular network formation

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-46151-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Win M. Tun ◽

Choon Hwai Yap ◽

Shier Nee Saw ◽

Joanna L. James ◽

Alys R. Clark

Keyword(s):

Shear Stress ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Fetal Growth ◽

Fetal Growth Restriction ◽

Network Formation ◽

Cell Function ◽

Vascular Network ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Endothelial Cell Function

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FKBPL and SIRT-1, key angiogenesis proteins, are downregulated by diabetes in pregnancy

10.1101/2020.10.06.20208116 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdelrahim Alqudah ◽

Kelly-Ann Eastwood ◽

Djurdja Jerotic ◽

Naomi Todd ◽

Denise Hoch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cell ◽

Protein Expression ◽

Gestational Age ◽

High Glucose ◽

Cell Function ◽

First Trimester ◽

Diabetes In Pregnancy ◽

Endothelial Cell Function ◽

In Pregnancy

AbstractContextDiabetes in pregnancy is associated with numerous complications, however the mechanisms are still poorly understood.ObjectiveTo investigate the role of new angiogenesis markers, FKBPL and SIRT-1, in pre-gestational (type 1 diabetes, T1D) and gestational diabetes (GDM).Design and interventionPlacental FKBPL, SIRT-1, PlGF and VEGF-R1 protein expression was determined from pregnant women with GDM or T1D, and in first trimester trophoblast cells exposed to high glucose and varying oxygen concentrations. Endothelial cell function was assessed in high glucose conditions and FKBPL overexpression.Settings and ParticipantsHuman placental samples from pregnant women with GDM (n=6) or T1D (n=8) were collected to assess FKBPL and SIRT-1 protein expression compared to non-diabetic controls.Main outcome measuresTo determine the role of placental FKBPL and/or SIRT-1 in diabetic pregnancies, in first trimester trophoblasts and endothelial cell function in high-glucose environment.ResultsPlacental FKBPL protein expression was downregulated in T1D (FKBPL; p<0.05) whereas PlGF/VEGF-R1 were upregulated (p<0.05); correlations adjusted for gestational age were also significant. In the presence of GDM, only SIRT-1 (p<0.001) was significantly downregulated even when adjusted for gestational age (r=-0.92, p=0.001). FKBPL and SIRT-1 were also downregulated in ACH-3P cells in high glucose conditions and 6.5%/2.5% oxygen concentrations (p<0.05). FKBPL overexpression in HUVECs reduced tubule formation compared to empty vector control, in high glucose conditions (junctions; p<0.01, branches; p<0.05).ConclusionsFKBPL and/or SIRT-1 downregulation in response to diabetes may have a role in the development of vascular dysfunction in pregnancy, and associated complications such as preeclampsia.

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The LINC complex is required for endothelial cell adhesion and adaptation to shear stress and cyclic stretch

Molecular Biology of the Cell ◽

10.1091/mbc.e20-11-0698 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. mbc.E20-11-0698

Author(s):

Kevin B. Denis ◽

Jolene I. Cabe ◽

Brooke E. Danielsson ◽

Katie V. Tieu ◽

Carl R. Mayer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Shear Stress ◽

Cell Adhesion ◽

Endothelial Cell ◽

Cell Function ◽

Dominant Negative ◽

Cyclic Stretch ◽

Linc Complex ◽

Endothelial Cell Function ◽

Altered Cell

The Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex is a structure consisting of nesprin, SUN, and lamin proteins. A principal function of the LINC complex is anchoring the nucleus to the actin, microtubule, and intermediate filament cytoskeletons. The LINC complex is present in nearly all cell types, including endothelial cells. Endothelial cells line the inner most surfaces of blood vessels, and are critical for blood vessel barrier function. In addition, endothelial cells have specialized functions, including adaptation to the mechanical forces of blood flow. Previous studies have shown that depletion of individual nesprin isoforms results in impaired endothelial cell function. To further investigate the role of the LINC complex in endothelial cells we utilized dominant negative KASH (DN-KASH), a dominant negative protein which displaces endogenous nesprins from the nuclear envelope and disrupts nuclear-cytoskeletal connections. Endothelial cells expressing DN-KASH had altered cell-cell adhesion and barrier function, as well as altered cell-matrix adhesion and focal adhesion dynamics. In addition, cells expressing DN-KASH failed to properly adapt to shear stress or cyclic stretch. DN-KASH expressing cells exhibited impaired collective cell migration in wound healing and angiogenesis assays. Our results demonstrate the importance of an intact LINC complex in endothelial cell function and homeostasis. [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text] [Media: see text]

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The role of BMPs in endothelial cell function and dysfunction

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1016/j.tem.2014.05.003 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 472-480 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Laura A. Dyer ◽

Xinchun Pi ◽

Cam Patterson

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cell ◽

Cell Function ◽

Endothelial Cell Function

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A Selective Antagonist Reveals a Potential Role of G Protein–Coupled Receptor 55 in Platelet and Endothelial Cell Function

Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics ◽

10.1124/jpet.113.204180 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 346 (1) ◽

pp. 54-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Julia Kargl ◽

Andrew J. Brown ◽

Liisa Andersen ◽

Georg Dorn ◽

Rudolf Schicho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cell ◽

G Protein ◽

Potential Role ◽

Cell Function ◽

G Protein Coupled Receptor ◽

Endothelial Cell Function ◽

Selective Antagonist ◽

G Protein Coupled

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The Evolving Role of MicroRNAs in Endothelial Cell Dysfunction in Response to Infection

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1612623 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (03) ◽

pp. 216-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rebecca Watkin ◽

Glenn Fitzpatrick ◽

Steve Kerrigan

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cell ◽

Cardiovascular System ◽

Noncoding Rna ◽

Target Genes ◽

Cell Function ◽

Critical Role ◽

Microbial Infection ◽

Endothelial Cell Function ◽

Rna Molecules

AbstractThe microRNAs are short noncoding RNA molecules responsible for translational repression and silencing of target genes via binding to the mRNA. They are found in all eukaryotic cells and play a critical role in virtually all physiological processes, including within the cardiovascular system where they influence cellular development, differentiation, cardiovascular function, hemostasis, and programmed cell death. Dysregulated microRNA expression is associated with several conditions ranging from cancer and autoimmune disease to infection. Progressively, it has become increasingly clear that microRNAs are important components of the host response to microbes. The cardiovascular system, coupled with cells of the innate immune system, provide the initial interaction and first response to microbial infection, respectively. This review presents the current state of knowledge regarding the role of microRNAs with emphasis on their role in controlling endothelial cell function.

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