Soil Microorganisms for Weed Management

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-138
Author(s):  
A. C. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Soil Microorganisms

scholarly journals Impact of soil microorganisms on weed biology and ecology

2005 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Boyetchko
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Mycorrhizal Dependency ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Inundative Biological Control

While weed populations have traditionally been controlled by chemical and cultural methods, inundative biological control with microbial agents offers an additional strategy for managing weeds. Foliar pathogens have long been sought after as potential biocontrol agents, but rhizosphere microorganisms and their influence on weed growth and development have been ignored until recently. Rhizosphere soil is replete with a variety of microorganisms such as rhizobacteria, pathogenic soil-borne fungi, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, all of which have a direct or indirect impact on weeds and their competitive ability. In some cases, specific microbes have a detrimental effect on the weeds and can be exploited as biological control agents. The ubiquitous mycorrhizal fungi are beneficial symbionts that can impart a competitive ad vantage to their plant hosts, particularly if mycorrhizal dependency is exhibited in weeds as opposed to crops. It may be possible to exploit various soil microbes by directly or indirectly reducing weed competition and tipping the competitive advantage in favor of the crop. However, information available on microbial/weed/crop relationships is limited and research efforts are required to explore the use of soil microorganisms as another weed management tool.

scholarly journals Effect of transgenic soybean on functional groups of microorganisms in the rhizosphere in soil microcosm

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Ivana Santinoni ◽  
Igor Santos ◽  
Erika Niekawa ◽  
Mickely Dealis ◽  
Gabriel Liuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Cellulase Activity ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Transgenic Soybean ◽  
Gm Plants ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi

Neglected Glyphosate-resistant (GR) crops are common in agro-ecosystems mainly due to its benefits of weed management. However, the effect of GR crops on soil ecosystem and on non-target soil organisms need to be monitored. The effect of two transgenic soybeans GR on soil microorganisms, soil enzymes, microbial biomass and plant growth were evaluated. The experimental design was conducted as factorial arrangement with two GR soybean varieties, the Londrina (RR 59) and its near isogenic non-GM 59 Londrina called VAR 1; the second was Valiosa soybean (RR Conquista) and its near isogenic non-GM Conquista - Uberaba soybean called VAR 2. The plants were inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and rhizobia. The results showed that significant differences were observed among GM plants and their parental non-GM only for N biomass, AM colonization and cellulase activity. The presence of AM fungi had great influence on the functional groups of microorganisms while some enzymes activity decreased.

scholarly journals Effect of Post Emergence Herbicides on Weed Management in Transplanted Kharif Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Their Residuality on Soil Microorganisms

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Ranjan Kumar Dey ◽  
Megha Sana ◽  
Subhajit Pal ◽  
Ramyajit Mondal ◽  
Sukanta Pal
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Regional Research ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Toxicity Effects

The field experiments were conducted at Regional Research Sub-Station (new alluvial zone) of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Chakdaha, Nadia, West Bengal during kharif of 2015 & 2016 to study different post emergence herbicides against weed management in transplanted kharif rice. Ten (10) treatments were used following Randomize Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Among four different chemical herbicides Almix 20 WP @ 4 g ha-1 applied at 15 DAT as EPOE( early post emergence) effectively controlled all categories of weeds (mostly sedges and broad leaves) resulted minimum weed population, biomass production and higher weed control efficiency (WCE) at 30 and 45 DAT which ultimately produced higher grain yield (3.23 t ha-1) compare to other treatments. In case of efficacy of phytotoxicity effects on experimental crop, toxicity effects on soil microflora and BC ratio, Almix 20 WP @ 4 g/ha reflects the satisfied result.

Weed Management in Small Grains Harvested for Grain

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Ferrell ◽  
Gregory MacDonald ◽  
Pratap Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Good Management ◽  
Small Grains ◽  
Crop Competition

Successful weed control in small grains involves using good management practices in all phases of production. In Florida, winter weeds compete with small grains for moisture, nutrients, and light, with the greatest amount of competition occurring during the first six to eight weeks after planting. Weeds also cause harvest problems the following spring when the small grain is mature. This 4-page publication discusses crop competition, knowing your weeds, and chemical control. Written by J. A. Ferrell, G. E. MacDonald, and P. Devkota, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised May 2020.

Weed Management in Peanuts

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratap Devkota
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Good Management ◽  
Peanut Production

Successful weed control in peanuts involves use of good management practices in all phases of peanut production. This 11-page document lists herbicide products registered for use in Florida peanut production, their mode of actions group, application rate per acre and per season, and reentry interval. It also discusses the performance of these herbicides on several weeds under Florida conditions. Written by J. A. Ferrell, G. E. MacDonald, and P. Devkota, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised May 2020.

Soil response to chemicals used in a field experiment

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Jezierska-Tys ◽  
A. Rutkowska
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatases ◽  
Soil Response ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Set Up

Abstract The effect of chemicals (Reglone 200 SL and Elastiq 550 EC) on soil microorganisms and their enzymatic activity was estimated. The study was conducted in a field experiment which was set up in the split-block design and comprised three treatments. Soil samples were taken six times, twice in each year of study. The results showed that the application of chemicals generally had no negative effect on the number of soil microorganisms. The application of Reglone 200 SL caused an increase of proteolytic and ureolytic activity and affected the activity of dehydrogenases, acid and alkaline phosphatases in the soil. The soil subjected of Elastiq 550 EC was characterized by lower activity of dehydrogenases, protease, urease and alkaline phosphatase.

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