scholarly journals Effect of Post Emergence Herbicides on Weed Management in Transplanted Kharif Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Their Residuality on Soil Microorganisms

2020 ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
Ranjan Kumar Dey ◽  
Megha Sana ◽  
Subhajit Pal ◽  
Ramyajit Mondal ◽  
Sukanta Pal
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Regional Research ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Toxicity Effects

The field experiments were conducted at Regional Research Sub-Station (new alluvial zone) of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Chakdaha, Nadia, West Bengal during kharif of 2015 & 2016 to study different post emergence herbicides against weed management in transplanted kharif rice. Ten (10) treatments were used following Randomize Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Among four different chemical herbicides Almix 20 WP @ 4 g ha-1 applied at 15 DAT as EPOE( early post emergence) effectively controlled all categories of weeds (mostly sedges and broad leaves) resulted minimum weed population, biomass production and higher weed control efficiency (WCE) at 30 and 45 DAT which ultimately produced higher grain yield (3.23 t ha-1) compare to other treatments. In case of efficacy of phytotoxicity effects on experimental crop, toxicity effects on soil microflora and BC ratio, Almix 20 WP @ 4 g/ha reflects the satisfied result.

Bio-efficacy of post emergence herbicides in boro rice nursery as well as main field and their residual effects on non-target microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-210
Author(s):  
Rajib Kundu ◽  
Mousumi Mondal ◽  
Sourav Garai ◽  
Ramyajit Mondal ◽  
Ratneswar Poddar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Main Field ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Similar Treatment

Field experiments were conducted at research farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, West Bengal, India (22°97' N latitude and 88°44' E longitude, 9.75 m above mean sea level) under natural weed infestations in boro season rice (nursery bed as well as main field) during 2017-18 and 2018-19 to evaluate the herbicidal effects on weed floras, yield, non-target soil organisms to optimize the herbicide use for sustainable rice-production. Seven weed control treatments including three doses of bispyribac-sodium 10% SC (150,200, and 250 ml ha-1), two doses of fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 9.3% EC (500 and 625 ml ha-1), one weed free and weedy check were laid out in a randomized complete block design, replicated thrice. Among the tested herbicides, bispyribac-sodium with its highest dose (250 ml ha-1) resulted in maximum weed control efficiency, treatment efficiency index and crop resistance index irrespective of weed species and dates of observation in both nursery as well as main field. Similar treatment also revealed maximum grain yield (5.20 t ha-1), which was 38.38% higher than control, closely followed by Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (625 ml ha-1) had high efficacy against grasses, sedge and broadleaf weed flora. Maximum net return (Rs. 48765 ha-1) and benefit cost ratio (1.72) were obtained from the treatment which received bispyribac-sodium @ 250 ml ha-1. Based on overall performance, the bispyribac-sodium (250 ml ha-1) may be considered as the best herbicide treatment for weed management in transplanted rice as well as nursery bed.

Genetic main effect and genotype×environment interaction for cooking quality traits in a diallel set of Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyman Sharifi ◽  
Hamid Dehghani ◽  
Ali Moumeni ◽  
Mohammad Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cooking Quality ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Ge Interaction ◽  
Main Effects

Genetic main effects and genotype × environment (GE) interactions were determined for cooking quality traits of rice (Oryza sativa L.) using a complete diallel cross of seven. The field experiments were carried out over 2 years as a randomised complete block design with two replications. Amylose content (AC), gel consistency (GC) and gelatinisation temperature (GT) were affected by both genetic effects and GE interaction. Grain elongation (GEL) was found to be controlled by genetic main effects and general combining ability (GCA) × environment interaction. The high magnitude of GCA variances for all traits indicated that additive effects were more prominent in the determination of these characteristics. Narrow-sense heritabilities for AC, GT, GC and GEL were 61.21, 60.83, 29.98 and 52.29%, respectively. Among the genetic and GE interaction effects, GCA and GCA × environment were the main components for all traits. Relatively large narrow-sense heritabilities for AC, GT and GEL indicated that selection for these traits could be possible. However, due to the significance of genotype × year effects for AC, GT, and GEL genetic materials should be evaluated over several years in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Weed Dynamics in Various Cultivars of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Direct Seeding and Transplanting Conditions in Lamjung

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Basu Paudel ◽  
Abhisek Shrestha ◽  
Lal Prasad Amgain ◽  
Madhav Prasad Neupane Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Weed Dynamics ◽  
Control Management ◽  
Statistical Results

Even though rice is a major crop of Nepal, its’ productivity seems very low in South Asia due to high infestation of weeds. Therefore, a field research was conducted in the field of Lamjung Campus, Sundarbazar from July-October, 2015. Two Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design under direct seeding (DSR) and transplanted (TPR) cultivations with weeded and non-weeded check for diverse rice cultivars (US-382, Sukha-2, NR-10676, NR-10490 and Khumal-10) as treatments was executed in field with 3 replications. Statistical results indicated that Rotataindica, Fimbristylis miliacea, Ageratum conyzoides, Cyperusiria, Polygonum barbatum and Cynadon dactylon were found as the major weeds under both DSR and TPR whereas Paspalum distichum L., Alternanthera sessiles L., Echinochloa colona L., Digitariasp., Amischophacelus axillaris L., Echinochloa crusgalli L. were minor. Rotataindica was found the major weed in TPR. It was seemed that the highest weed population recorded for US-382(131.7/m2),when cultivated under TPR system but it was completely absent under DSR. Meanwhile Cynadon dactylon was completely absent in weeded region of TPR system, which in contrary was the highest in weeded field of DSR with variety US-382(18.7/m2). Similar results were found in case of biomass for varieties consisting higher number of weeds while it was lowest in weeded field of NR-10490 shown as TPR. Highest grain yield was obtain from the weeded region of US-382(7.7 t/ha) of TPR system whereas lowest yield was found in varieties NR-10490 and NR-10676 (1.8 t/ha) of non-weeded region of DSR system. With the increase in biomass of weed the yield of rice decrease gradually with co-relation, y = -0.0119x + (R² = 0.1251). Hence, without effective weed control management we can’t increase the productivity of rice.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(2): 159-167

scholarly journals Application of oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin to control weeds on soybean plantation

2022 ◽  
Vol 951 (1) ◽  
pp. 012066
Author(s):  
H Hasanuddin ◽  
G Erida ◽  
S Hafsah ◽  
A Marliah ◽  
Y Agustiawan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Different Types

Abstract The appearance of weeds on crops has led to the significant loss of crop yield. Therefore, chemical control with herbicides has been an important tool for rapid and efficient weed management in crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of herbicides oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin against weeds on soybean plantation. This research employed Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) Factorial with 2 factors. The first factor was the type of herbicides: oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin. The second factor was herbicide doses: 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 g a.i ha-1, applied on soybean at 1 day after planting (DAP). The percentage of weed control, percentage of weed coverage, weed species, weed population, and weed dry weight were observed at 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks after planting (WAP). The results revealed that different types and doses of herbicide applied has affected the percentage of weed control, percentage of weed coverage weed species and weed dry weight.

scholarly journals Influence of Integrated Weed Management and Tillage Methods on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Maize Production

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-64
Author(s):  
G. C. Michael ◽  
S. A. Gisilanbe ◽  
S. O. Dania ◽  
A. D. Manthy ◽  
O. Fagbola
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Maize Production

A two year field experiments were conducted at the College of Agriculture Teaching and Research Farm,   Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria, to evaluate the integrated use of 25% rates of  selected herbicides mixtures (atrazine-pendimethalin (AP1) or primextra (PX1) and cover crops (a vegetable cowpea, "Akidi" (A), Melon (M) and Sweet potato (S) planted sole or mixed at 20,000 stands/ha (1) or 40,000 stands/ha (3) under manual (MT) and tractor tillage (TT) methods used primarily for weed control on soil properties and maize production. The experimental design was a split plot arrangement in a randomized complete block design replicated three times. Tractor Tillage (TT) and Manual Tillage (MT) were the main treatments. The sub treatments included ten integrated weed management (IWM), AP1AI, AP1AS1, AP1S3, AP1MS3, AP1AMS3, PX1A1, PX1AS1, PX1S3, PX1MS3, PX1AMS3 in addition to Weeded 3+6 Weeks After Planting (WAP) (C1) and unweeded(C2) as controls. Descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance were used to analyze data and the treatment means were compared using standard error at 5%. The level of Na, organic carbon, TN, %clay and %fine sand were higher in MT than TT during the experimental period while Mg, pH, %silt and clay were higher in TT than in MT. Herbicide groups did not significantly influenced soil properties in this study. The Ca2+, K+ and A-VP in all IWM treated plots were higher than the value in C2 . Treatments having Akidi (A1, AS1, AMS3) recorded higher OC than those without (S3, MS3). Therefore, MT improves soil condition and should be used in small scale farming and where TT is used, special consideration of soil type and frequency of use should be moderated. Use of IWM ameliorates fertility losses observed, with preference for mixture with at least a leguminous component.

Increase in growth, productivity, nutritional status of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) and enrichment in soil fertility applied with Azospirillum and nitrogen level

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
V. Namdeo ◽  
N. G. Mitra ◽  
S. R. Jakhar ◽  
R. K. Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
N Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Agricultural Chemistry

Field experiments were conducted to Influence of different levels of nitrogen and Azospirillum inoculation on direct-seeded rice in a Vertisol, during kharif season of 2015 at Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, JNKVV, Jabalpur. The experiment was laid out under randomized block design (RBD) with 3 replications and 8 treatments namely (unfertilized+uninoculated (UFUI), recommended dose of nitrogen 50%+uninoculated (RDN50%+UI), RDN75%+UI, RDN100%+UI, UF+Azospirillum (UF+Azosp.,), RDN50%+Azosp., RDN75%+Azosp and RDN100%+Azosp.,). It was observed that significant improvement was noticed in yield attributes and soil properties. The response from the treatment of RDN100% +Azosp., was found statistically best to increase available nitrogen (N) content in soil at 45 DAS and at harvest of the crop by 29% and 27%, respectively and N content in the plant, grain and straw by 46%, 50% and 55%, respectively over the control of UFUI. Similarly, trend was significantly enhanced total N uptake by crop with 129% over the control of UFUI. While, same treatment combination increasing azospiral population in rhizospheric soil at 45 DAS, 65 DAS and at harvest by 2.28, 2.07 and 2.05 log folds, respectively over the control of UFUI and enhanced yield attributes and yields of grain and straw of rice with 113 and 58%, respectively over the control of UFUI. While the treatment RDN100%+Azosp., exhibited numerically higher values but was statistically at par to RDN75%+Azosp.

scholarly journals Optimizing Potassium Application for Hybrid Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Coastal Saline Soils of West Bengal, India

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirak Banerjee ◽  
Krishnendu Ray ◽  
Sudarshan Dutta ◽  
Kaushik Majumdar ◽  
Talatam Satyanarayana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
High Potassium

The present study assesses the response of hybrid rice (variety Arize 6444) to potassium (K) application during rainy (wet) seasons of 2016 and 2017 in coastal saline soils of West Bengal, India. The study was conducted at the Regional Research Farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kakdwip, West Bengal. The soil is clayeywith acidic pH (5.91), saline (Electrical conductivity/EC 1.53 dS m−1) and of high K fertility (366 kg ha−1). The experimental plots were laid out in a randomized complete block design with five (5) K treatments (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg K2O ha−1) with four replications. Plant height, dry matter (DM) in different plant parts, number of tillers, and grain yield were measured in each treatment for the determination of optimum K dose. The study revealed that the stem, leaf, and grain dry matter production at 60 days after transplanting (DAT) and harvest were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher at 90 kg K2O ha−1 application. The number of tillers hill−1 was also higher (p ≤ 0.05) in plants fertilized with 90 kg K2O ha−1 over K omission. At harvest, grain K concentration improved (p ≤ 0.05) with K fertilization at 90 kg K2O ha−1, 116% more than the zero-K. Omission of K application from the best treatment (90 kg K2O ha−1) reduced grain yield by 3.5 t ha−1 even though the available K content was high. Potassium uptake restriction due to higher Mg content in the soil may have caused reduced uptake of K leading to yield losses. The present study also showed higher profits with 90 kg K2O ha−1 with higher net returns (US$ 452 ha−1) and benefit:cost ratio (1.75) over other treatments from hybrid rice (var. Arize 6444). From the regression equation, the economic optimum level of K (Kopt) was derived as 101.5 kg K2O ha−1 that could improve productivity of hybrid rice during the wet season in coastal saline soils of West Bengal.

scholarly journals Effect of Chemical to Herb Control on Performance of Sesame (Sesamum indicum) under Irrigated Conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Lipsa Patnaik ◽  
Rahul Adhikary ◽  
M. Devender Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Chemical Application ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Control Application

Weed management greatly influences on weed infestation and yield of sesame under irrigated condition. An experiment was conducted at Bagusala farm, M.S. Swaminathan School of Agriculture, CUTM, Paralakhemundi, Odisha to find out the effectiveness of pre and post emergence herbicides on performance of summer sesame under irrigated conditions. The soil of experimental site was sandy clay loam in texture, slightly acidic in reaction with pH of 6.4. The experiment was laid out in randomize block design with three replications, assigning twelve treatments combinations of chemical application irrigated sesamum cultivation. The yield with hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS was comparable with Pendimethalin @ 500 g a.i ha-1 3 DAS + Imazethapyr @ 60g a.i ha-1 at 20 DAS, Imazethapyr @ 60g a.i ha-1 at 20 DAS, Oxadiargyl 80wp @ 60g a.i ha-1 3 DAS and Oxadiagyl @ 40 g a.i ha-1 3 DAS + Imazethapyr @ 60 g a.i ha-1 20 DAS and significantly superior over all other treatments. The weed number observed in all chemical weed control treatments was significantly lower than un-weeded control. Application of herbicides was found to be effective in reduction of weed population in summer sesamum under irrigated conditions. The weeds can be effectively controlled through application herbicides in sesame grown under irrigated conditions during summer season.

scholarly journals Chemical Weed Management in Transplanted Rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Rice – Mustard Cropping System

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Rupen Sharma ◽  
Jaladhar Gorain ◽  
Parthendu Poddar ◽  
Sagar Maitra ◽  
Manjil Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Stover Yield

An experiment was conducted at instructional farm Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya during kharif season, 2017 to find out a suitable chemical weed management practice in transplanted rice. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design having 12 treatments replicated thrice. The treatments were T1: Weedy check, T2: Weed free, T3: Bispyribac sodium 10% SC @ 20 g a.i ha-1 at 14 DAT, T4: Bispyribac sodium 10% SC @ 30 g a.i  ha-1 at 14 DAT, T5: Butachlor 1.5 kg a.i ha-1 at 3 DAT, T6: Pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 at 3 DAT, T7: Pretilachlor 0.60 kg a.i ha-1 at 3 DAT + 2,4-D sodium salt 0.50 kg a.i ha-1 at 30 DAT, T8: Butachlor 1.5 kg a.i ha-1 at 3 DAT + 2,4-D sodium salt 0.50 kg a.i ha-1 at 30 DAT, T9: Metsulfuron methyl 20% WP @ 8 g a.i ha-1 at 14 DAT, T10: Pretilachlor 0.60 kg a.i ha-1 at 3 DAT + Almix @ 20 g a.i. ha-1 at 21 DAT, T11: Butachlor 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1 at 3 DAT + Bispyribac sodium 10% SC @ 20 g a.i  ha-1 at 21 DAT and T12: Almix @ 20 g a.i ha-1 at 21 DAT. The rice variety used in the experiment was MTU 1075. It was observed that different herbicides treatments influenced weed control efficiency, weed index and yield components in transplanted rice. The highest number of filled grains (113.12 panicle-1), 1000 grain weight (22.90 g), grain yield (5.07 t ha-1) and straw yield (7.15 t ha-1) of rice was recorded with weed free (T2) treatment being at par with T11, T4, T3 and T10. In mustard, plots under weed free i.e. T2 treatment in rice performed the best in terms of every yield attribute viz. number of siliqua (77.00 plant-1), number of seeds (20.41siliqua-1), 1000 seed weight (3.14 g) as well as seed yield (1067.46 kg ha-1) and stover yield (2157.40 kg ha-1) being statistically at par with the plots under treatment T11 & plots under treatment T4. It can be concluded that the treatment comprising combination of pre-emergence & post-emergence herbicide like T11 i.e. Butachlor 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1 at 3 DAT + Bispyribac sodium 10% SC @ 20 g a.i. ha-1 at 21 DAT or application of higher dose of efficient & highly effective post-emergent herbicide molecule like T4 i.e. Bispyribac sodium 10% SC @ 30 g a.i  ha-1 at 14 DAT can be opted for sufficient control of weeds in transplanted kharif paddy in terai zone of West Bengal to maximize the economic return.

scholarly journals Weed control efficiency and weed index as influenced by weed management practices in machine transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1947-1952
Author(s):  
R. B. Negalur ◽  
A. S. Halepyati
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Row Space

Field experiment on effect of different weed management practices in machine transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.) was conducted at ARS, Gangavathi, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka during kharif, 2012 and 2013 under irrigated condition in clay soil. Pooled mean indicated that, application of butachlor 50 EC fb passing of power operated low land rice weeder twice at 20 and 30 DAT with hand weeding in intra row space recorded significantly lower grassy weed population and dry weight at 40, 60 DAT and at harvest (1.98, 2.47, 2.97/0.25 m2 and 1.00, 1.20, 1.47 g /0.25 m2, respectively), sedge weed population and dry weight (2.61, 3.21, 3.52 /0.25 m2 and 1.19, 1.48, 1.71 g /0.25 m2, respectively) and broad leaved weed population and dry weight (1.68, 2.10, 2.52 / 0.25 m2 and 0.91, 1.06, 1.28 g /0.25 m2, respectively). Significantly higher WCE (87.53%), lower weed index (3.11 %), grain and straw yield (5160 and 6482 kg ha-1, respectively), gross and net returns (Rs. 92,212 and 50,410 ha-1, respectively), and B:C of 2.22 over unweeded check. Hence, application of butachlor 50 EC fb passing of power operated low land rice weeder at 20 and 30 DAT with hand weeding in intra row space was found to be the best weed control method as it recorded higher B:C. Present conventional manual weeding is which is not advantageous as it is costlier, time consuming and labour may trample and damage rice seedlings. Mechanical weeder and sequential application can overcome the same.

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